递阶着色Petri网在面向对象设计中的应用

基于Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的节点过多阻碍其广泛应用,在着色Ｐｅｔｒｉ网和递阶着色Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的基础上,分析了递阶着色Ｐｅｔｒｉ网在结构上与面向对象方法的共同之处及其相互联系．指出递阶着色Ｐｅｔｒｉ网可以大大简化Ｐｅｔｒｉ网建模,同时提出了一种把递阶着色Ｐｅｔｒｉ网用于离散事件动态系统的面向对象软件设计的一般方法,并通过对一个柔性制造系统实例的面向对象分析和递阶着色Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的建模,最终指导控制软件的开发．     

一种新型智能控制系统模型的研究

分析智能系统中智能行为之源，提出一种新型递阶式智能控制系统结构原型，并给出了相应的综合集成具体实施策略，这种新型递阶式智能控制系统结构原型由决策级，反应级和适应级组成，它们既各司其中，又相互配合，有机协调，较全面地模拟了人的智能行为，并因此提高了系统的智能水平，这种新型递阶智能控制系统结构原型可为智能控制系统进一步的设计和实施提供基础。     

基于智能递阶结构的HEV控制策略

混合动力电动汽车(HEV)的多能源动力总成控制器是实现多能源最优控制的关键,针对该包含多个子系统的复杂系统,提出了一类多模型方案,并采用了一种智能递阶监督控制策略·在智能递阶结构的上层,利用概率神经网络构成了组织级,对系统的任务进行规划;采用模糊决策控制器构成了递阶控制的协调级,将具体的任务分配给各个子系统·经过仿真研究,其结果表明了该方法的有效性·     

拓扑度在大系统最优控制理论中的应用

迄今为止,在大系统最优控制理论中,用分解-协调方法以构成多级递阶最优控制方案仍是人们最常用方法之一。对此研究已有不少文章,最近,Cohen和Mahmoud等分别做了较全面的论述。前者着重于各种分解-协调算法统一性的研究,后者则是协调任务的再细分(分为第一级和第二级协调),并按协调变量的不同选择,提出四种“三级     

智能控制在柴油机低温冷起动上的应用仿真

用分级递阶智能控制原理对柴油机低温冷起动的两个难点进行研究,设计出相应的分级递阶智能控制系统,系统分为智能监控中心和自动控制单元两级,采用RS－232接口将这两级结构连接,实现二者之间的数据瓣换,仿真实验表明,系统能使被控对象－柴油机低温冷起动加温装置正常运行,达到了预定目标。     

3级递阶舰艇作战系统控制结构

介绍了一种舰艇作战系统3级递阶集成控制结构,该结构自上而下包括系统组织级、资源协调级和设备执行级,形成了“信号-数据-知识”的3层信息递阶关系和“伺服-协调-组织”的3层控制递阶关系;同时融合了基于领域专家设计经验和指挥员作战知识的学习控制,结合“人在回路”设计实现人机智能的统一.针对作战系统分级递阶控制的信息度量、资...     

内蒙腰坝地区地下水系统经济管理模型

根据大系统递阶优化控制理论与方法对内蒙古腰坝地区地下水资源系统进行了分析和研究，提出了系统的经济管理模型与相应的优化技术，该模型具有三级递阶优化结构，针对此结构提出了一种新的优化技术－梯度分解－协调方法，通过数字仿真及灵敏度分析，证明模型是准确可靠的，可供水资源决策部门参考。     

Petri网在帧中继与X.25协议转换中的应用

提出了一种用Ｐｅｔｒｉ网研究两种协议转换的方法。在两个协议提供原语的基础上，利用Ｐｅｔｒｉ网丰富的描述特性建立转换模型，与用有限状态机建立转换模型相比，简化了过程。在Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的基础上，利用图论方法论证其正确性。最后，用这种方法分析了Ｘ２５与帧中继之间的协议转换，并建立转换模型。     

基于Petri网的知识表示

介绍一种基于Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的知识表示方法。在引入Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的基本知识后，详细讨论了Ｐｅｔｒｉ网表示产生式系统及基于Ｈｏｒｎ逻辑子句的Ｐｅｔｒｉ网表示，提出了用库所表示产生式谓词，用变迁表示规则的Ｐｅｔｒｉ模型。最后讨论了将Ｐｅｔｒｉ网应用于ＯＯＡ（面向对象分析）模型的研究，从而提出一个基于Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的ＯＯＡ模型     

大连地区需水管理的多级递阶模型与应用研究

动用大系统递阶优化控制理论与方法对大连市需水管理问题进行了分析和研究。提出了该市需水与经济发展的三维递阶结构形式；据该结构的特点，提出了三级递阶优化管理模型并组给出了结构专业知识优化方法的简要步骤。优化该获得了大连市需水的管理模式，可供管理部门参考，运用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.