M型钡铁氧体的制备及其吸波性能表征

采用溶胶凝胶自蔓延合成工艺制备了六角晶系M型钡铁氧体微粉BaFe12O19.用X射线衍射仪,振动样品磁强计和矢量网络分析仪对粉末的结构、磁性能以及电磁波吸收性能进行了表征.结果表明,BaFe12O19既能产生磁损耗,又能产生介电损耗,是一种宽频微波吸收材料.     

机械合金化与等离子体烧结法制备CoSb3热电材料

研究用机械合金化及等离子体烧结法制备热电材料CoSb3化合物,试验结果表明,原始粉末机械合金化10h后,在500~600℃采用等离子体活化烧结能获得单相的CoSb3化合物,随烧结温度的升高,烧结样品密度增大,热导率随烧结温度的升高而降低。     

放电等离子烧结制备超细WC-Co硬质合金

采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术制备了超细WC-10Co硬质合金.研究了烧结温度及烧结气氛对WC-Co硬质合金组织及性能的影响.研究发现:烧结体密度随烧结温度的升高而增大,但由于钴的蒸发,合金的成分偏离了原粉末的成分,且随着烧结温度的升高及炉内气压的降低,钴的蒸发速率加大.因此,通过提高炉内气压,可以使合金的成分基本接近原粉末成分,降低了合金的成分偏离.结果表明:炉内气压升高到200 Pa,烧结压力为30 MPa时,在1250℃烧结WC-10.07Co粉末5 min,烧结体中钴的质量分数可以控制在10.02%,密度和硬度分别达到了14.62 g.cm-3和HRA 92.4.     

放电等离子烧结制备碳化钛块材研究

利用放电等离子烧结(SPS)对碳化钛(TiC)/氢化钛(TiH2)混合粉末进行烧结以制备块材。利用X射线衍射(XRD)并结合Rietveld精修法对块材进行定性与结构分析;借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对块材断面微观形貌进行观察;测试了块材硬度并探讨SPS技术制备TiC块材的致密化过程与反应机理。结果表明:混合粉末经SPS烧结,获得了高度致密的TiC块材;与传统烧结方法比较,SPS技术更具低温快速性。     

Graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composites prepared by spark plasma sintering

Graphene-reinforced 7055 aluminum alloy composites with different contents of graphene were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The structure and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. Testing results show that the hardness, compressive strength, and yield strength of the composites are improved with the addition of 1wt% graphene. A clean, strong interface is formed between the metal matrix and graphene via metallurgical bonding on atomic scale. Harmful aluminum carbide (Al₄C₃) is not formed during SPS processing. Further addition of graphene (above 1wt%) results in the deterioration in mechanical properties of the composites. The agglomeration of graphene plates is exacerbated with increasing graphene content, which is the main reason for this deterioration.     

放电等离子烧结制备Al-Zn-Mg-Cu纳米晶合金的组织

利用低温液氮球磨和放电等离子烧结工艺制备了块体纳米晶Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金.采用X射线衍射(XRD)技术分析了材料的晶粒尺寸和微观应变,利用透射电镜(TEM)研究了合金微观组织的演变.结果表明:采用放电等离子烧结法制备的7000系纳米铝合金具有两种不同的纳米晶结构,以晶粒尺寸50～100nm的等轴晶为主,少量200～400nm的大晶粒为辅;烧结过程中发生再结晶及第二相析出,析出的第二相以η(MgZn2)为主,θ(Al2Cu)以及S(Al2CuMg))为辐.     

放电等离子烧结制备Cu/Ti3SiC2-TiC复合材料

选用单质粉(Ti,Si,C,Al)为原料,采用机械合金化法制备含有Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体,然后将Ti3SiC2,TiC和Cu的混合粉体进行放电等离子烧结,以制备Cu/Ti3SiC2-TiC复合材料,并对其组织耐磨性进行了研究。实验结果表明,放电等离子烧结可制备致密的Cu/Ti3SiC2-TiC复合材料,复合材料的显微硬度随强化相(Ti3SiC2-TiC)掺加量的增加显著提高,当强化相掺加量为20 vol%时,复合材料的硬度值达1.58 GPa。Cu/Ti3SiC2-TiC复合材料的耐磨性随强化相含量增加显著提高,当强化相掺入量为20 vol%时,复合材料的耐磨性为纯Cu的4倍。     

放电等离子烧结TiAl基合金的显微组织及力学性能

以Ti-47.5Al-2.5V-1.0Cr合金粉末为原料,采用放电等离子烧结工艺制备出TiAl基合金,并研究了制备工艺、显微组织与室温力学性能三者的关系.结果表明,采用放电等离子烧结方法可制备出致密度高、组织均匀的TiAl基合金.烧结温度对合金的显微组织影响显著,且其室温力学性能与显微组织密切相关,显微组织越细小,室温强度和塑性越高.当烧结温度为1100℃时,制备出的TiAl-V-Cr合金显微组织类型为细小双态组织,具有35.2%的压缩率和3321MPa的断裂强度,显示出较好的室温压缩性能.     

SPS方法制备铜/金刚石复合材料

采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)方法制备出高体积分数的铜/金刚石复合材料,并对复合材料的致密度、热导率和热膨胀系数等进行了研究.结果表明,采用该方法制备的铜/金刚石复合材料微观组织均匀,致密度分布为94%～99%,最高热导率为305W.(m.K)-1,热膨胀系数与常见电子半导体材料相匹配,能够满足电子封装材料的要求.     

Influence of sintering temperature on the thermoelectric properties of Ba8Ga16Si30 clathrate treated by spark plasma sintering

A series of Ba8Ga16Si30 clathrate samples were prepared by arc melting, ball milling, acid washing, and spark plasma sintering (SPS). X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the lattice of the Ba8Ga16Si30 samples expanded as the SPS temperature was increased from 400 to 750°C. Lattice contraction recurred when the SPS temperature was further increased in the range of 750–1000°C. This phenomenon can be explained by the variation of Ga content in the lattice. The thermoelectric figure of the merit ZT value of clathrates increased with the increase in SPS temperature and reached a maximum when the sample was subjected to SPS at 800°C. A further increase in SPS temperature did not contribute to the improvement of ZT. The variation of the lattice parameter a vs. SPS temperature T was similar to the variation ob-served in the ZT–T curve.     

放电等离子烧结热变形Nd-Fe-B磁体的磁性能研究

采用放电等离子烧结技术,利用不同速率的快淬薄带制备出各向异性的热变形Nd-Fe-B磁体,运用振动样品磁强计和扫描电子显微镜对热变形磁体的磁性能和微观结构进行研究.结果表明：随着快淬薄带速率的增加,获得最佳磁性能的热变形温度也逐渐增加,三类热变形Nd-Fe-B磁体获得最佳磁性能的热变形温度分别为650,680和700°C;磁体最佳磁性能中的剩磁和最大磁能积随着快淬薄带速率的增加而降低,而内禀矫顽力却略有增加.磁体的晶粒尺寸随着热变形温度的增加而增大;相同热变形温度下,磁体的晶粒尺寸随快淬速率的增加而减小.     

Effect of sintering on the relative density of Cr-coated diamond/Cu composites prepared by spark plasma sintering

Cr-coated diamond/Cu composites were prepared by spark plasma sintering. The effects of sintering pressure, sintering temperature, sintering duration, and Cu powder particle size on the relative density and thermal conductivity of the composites were investigated in this paper. The influence of these parameters on the properties and microstructures of the composites was also discussed. The results show that the relative density of Cr-coated diamond/Cu reaches ~100% when the composite is gradually compressed to 30 MPa during the heating process. The densification temperature increases from 880 to 915℃ when the diamond content is increased from 45vol% to 60vol%. The densification temperature does not increase further when the content reaches 65vol%. Cu powder particles in larger size are beneficial for increasing the relative density of the composite.     

放电等离子烧结合成TiC/TiB_2颗粒增强的超细晶钛基复合材料

采用放电等离子烧结技术结合非晶晶化法制备了不同体积分数的TiC/TiB2颗粒增强的超细晶钛基复合材料.运用X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜和万能材料试验机等实验手段,对合成的超细晶钛基复合材料进行测试分析.结果表明：随着外加TiC/TiB2颗粒的增加,钛基复合材料试样的致密度逐渐降低.TiC颗粒与基体不发生反应,而TiB2颗粒的加入改变了TiB2颗粒与基体界面的组织形貌,但对远离界面处的基体组织形貌没有影响,其组织均由-Ti（Nb）相和（Cu,Ni）-Ti2相组成,且-Ti（Nb）相连续分布.同时,TiC颗粒的增强效果优于TiB2颗粒,35vol.%（体积分数）TiC颗粒增强的复合材料试样的断裂强度最高,达2209MPa.     

SPS烧结温度对93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金微观结构及性能的影响

以高能球磨法制备的93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe复合粉末为原料,采用放电等离子烧结技术制备93W--4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金,研究了烧结温度对钨合金微观组织及性能的影响.采用扫描电镜对试样的断口进行观察,采用能量色散谱仪对合金的组元进行成分分析.结果表明:①烧结温度对合金的性能有显著的影响,在1 350℃时钨合金的抗拉强度达到一个极大值,为981 MPa,此时钨合金的相对密度和W晶粒的尺寸分别为98.9%和5μm;②当烧结温度达到1375℃时,合金中Ni元素开始挥发,随着温度的快速上升,合金中Ni元素的挥发不断加剧,当烧结温度升高至1425℃时合金中Ni元素已完全挥发;③合金的断裂方式随着烧结温度的升高发生显著的变化,当烧结温度升至1350℃时钨合金的断裂方式由W晶粒界面分离向W-W、W-黏结相界面断裂转变,而当烧结温度超过此温度时钨合金的断裂方式又转变为W晶粒的沿晶脆性断裂;④SPS快速烧结能够有效抑制W晶粒的长大,促进钨合金的细晶强化作用.     

Microstructure,thermal properties,and corrosion behaviors of FeSiBAlNi alloy fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering

An equiatomic FeSiBAlNi amorphous high-entropy alloy (HEA) was fabricated by mechanical alloying (MA). A fully amorphous phase was obtained in the FeSiBAlNi HEA after 240 h of MA. The bulk FeSiBAlNi samples were sintered by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 520 and 1080℃ under a pressure of 80 MPa. The sample sintered at 520℃ exhibited an amorphous composite structure comprising solid-solution phases (body-centered cubic (bcc) and face-centered cubic (fcc) phases). When the as-milled amorphous HEA was consolidated at 1080℃, another fcc phase appeared and the amorphous phase disappeared. The sample sintered by SPS at 1080℃ exhibited a slightly higher melting temperature compared with those of the as-milled alloy and the bulk sample sintered at 520℃. The corrosion behaviors of the as-sintered samples were investigated by potentiodynamic polarization measurements and immersion tests in seawater solution. The results showed that the HEA obtained by SPS at 1080℃ exhibited better corrosion resistance than that obtained by SPS at 520℃.     

机械活化放电等离子烧结制备Ce_(0.8)Sm_(0.2)O_(1.9)固溶体

采用机械球磨方法制备(CeO2)0.8(SmO1.5)0.2纳米粉,并探讨了其适宜的工艺条件.分别用常规烧结和放电等离子烧结对所获纳米粉进行烧制,获得Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9复合氧化物陶瓷,比较了两种烧结方法对材料结构与性能的影响.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段对氧化物进行了结构表征,交流阻抗谱测试了其电性能.结果表明:两种烧结方法所得样品均呈现单一的立方萤石结构;机械活化(CeO2)0.8(SmO1.5)0.2纳米粉于900℃时放电等离子烧结10min即可获得致密度90%以上的烧结体;放电等离子烧结材料的电导率高于常规烧结材料.     

放电等离子烧结微胞结构复合材料有限元模拟

采用ANSYS软件建立三维热‐电耦合瞬态有限元模型,对微胞结构复合材料的放电等离子烧结过程进行模拟。模拟计算结果表明,烧结低温阶段石墨模具向样品传热,烧结过程类似于热压烧结,烧结高温阶段样品自发热,样品附近沿径向形成温度梯度。     

放电等离子烧结Nb/Nb5Si3原位复合材料

以Nb，Si粉末为原料，采用放电等离子烧结（SPS）技术，原位合成了密实的Nb／NbsSi3复合材料．利用扫描电镜（SEM）、电子探针微区分析（EPMA）和X射线衍射（XRD）等手段对材料的组织结构进行了分析，并探讨了材料的结构形成机理．结果表明，合成的材料由近球状的Nb颗粒与Nb-Nb5S3共晶组织组成；SPS过程中产生的放电等离子体使Si粉及Nb颗粒的表面熔化，熔融的Nb和Si在冷却过程中发生共晶反应而形成Nb-NbsSi3共晶体，而未反应完的Nb颗粒则均匀分布在共晶组织中．     

Mechanical properties and friction behaviors of CNT/AlSi10Mg composites produced by spark plasma sintering

The mechanical properties and friction behaviors of CNT/AlSi10Mg composites produced by spark plasma sintering (SPS) were investigated.The results showed that the densities of the sintered composites gradually increased with increasing sintering temperature and that the highest microhardness and compressive strength were achieved in the specimen sintered at 450℃.CNTs dispersed uniformly in the AlSi10Mg matrix when the addition of CNTs was less than 1.5wt％.However,when the addition of CNTs exceeded 1.5wt％,the aggregation of CNTs was clearly observed.Moreover,the mechanical properties (including the densities,compressive strength,and microhardness) of the composites changed with CNT content and reached a maximum value when the CNT content was 1.5wt％.Meanwhile,the minimum average friction coefficient and wear rate of the CNT/AlSi10Mg composites were obtained with 1.0wt％ CNTs.     

放电等离子烧结Al20Cr20Fe25Ni25Mn10高熵合金的硬度和腐蚀性能研究

采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术在不同温度（800、900和200°C）下保温不同时间（4、8和12 min）合成了Al₂₀Cr₂₀Fe₂₅Ni₂₅Mn₁₀高熵合金（HEA）。通过扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪（EDS）、维氏显微硬度计、极化曲线等对合金的微观结构、显微硬度和腐蚀进行了实验研究。X-射线衍射（XRD）表征了所制备合金的成分。EDS结果显示不论烧结参数如何变化,合金均由原始合金元素组成。XRD、EDS和扫描电子显微镜的结果说明所制备的合金具有球形微观结构,呈现出面心立方结构相,这是基于固溶机制形成的。这表明SPS合金具有HEAs的特征。在1000°C保温 12 min生产的合金显微硬度最高,为HV 447.97,热处理后其硬度降至HV 329.47。同一合金表现出优异的耐腐蚀性能。烧结温度升高,Al₂₀Cr₂₀Fe₂₅Ni₂₅Mn₁₀合金可具有更高的密度、显微硬度和耐腐蚀性。