棉织物的阳离子改性及其紫甘蓝色素的染色

为研究天然色素对纺织物的染色与着色,本文以紫甘蓝色素为例,以正交试验法研究了棉织物的阳离子改性工艺以及紫甘蓝色素对改性棉织物的染色性能,测定了改性前后棉织物的上染率、表观色深值、耐洗牢度和耐摩擦牢度。结果表明:棉织物经阳离子改性后染色性能有了较大程度的改善,改性的最佳条件为:阳离子改性剂FK-316的用量(质量百分比)为10%,处理温度为60℃,时间是45 min,pH值为10。在最佳改性条件下紫甘蓝色素染织物的上染率为54.8%,K/S值达到8.1,耐洗牢度和耐晒牢度均提高1~2级。     

WLS助剂改性CVC织物硫化染料染色性能研究

用自制的反应性阳离子改性剂WLS改性CVC织物,优化出有利于提高硫化染料吸附上染的改性工艺条件以及改性织物硫化染料染色工艺条件.结果表明,经阳离子助剂WLS改性的CVC织物染色性能显著提高,不仅提高硫化染料染色织物的染色深度,而且皂洗牢度和摩擦牢度有所提高.     

棉织物用无盐染色剂GX—H23改性工艺研究

本文选用广州金瑞鹰生物化学有限公司的GX-H23改性剂对棉织物进行改性处理,探讨其改性工艺,研究了最佳的改性剂用量及其改性温度和时间,并在最佳工艺条件下,对改性前后染料的上染百分率和染色织物表观色深度K/S值等染色性能作比较.研究发现,改性后棉织物的上染速率比未改性的快,上染百分率、固色率和K/S值比未改性织物大.     

改善羊毛对酸性染料吸附性能的研究

用阳离子剂对羊毛做变性处理后，可在羊毛中引入阳离子基，提高它在酸性液中的阳荷性，增加染座，增强对匀染性酸性染料的吸附能力，从而提高羊毛的上染率和染色牢度．试验结果表明，匀染性酸性染料对变性羊毛的染色深度和湿处理牢度在一定程度上均有提高．但碱性阳离子变性处理液对羊毛有一定损伤，需进一步研究改善措施．     

生物蛋白改性助剂对羊毛纤维的改性研究

研究了NaHSO3预处理条件,以及鸡毛蛋白改性助剂改性条件对羊毛纤维活性染料和酸性染料染色性能的影响.结果表明,经过NaHSO3预处理与鸡毛蛋白改性助剂联合改性的羊毛纤维可以显著改善染色性能,提高染料上染百分率、固色率、耐洗色牢度,尤其适合染深浓色产品.同时,毛织物吸湿性提高,穿着舒适性改善.     

羊毛的变性及变性羊毛阳离子染料染色

羊毛经阴离子型活性变性剂处理后，纤维侧基上被引入阴离子型基因，具有和腈纶纤维类似的结构。因而，变性羊毛能够用阳离子染料染色。增大变性剂的分子量、共轭双键数及相对疏水性，变性羊毛用阳离子染料染色时上染速率和上染率均可显著地增大，染色牢度也大为改善，但对酸性染料产生防染作用。从变性羊毛的红外吸收光谱图上可看到，在波数为１１５０～１２６０ｃｍ－１、１０１０～１０８０ｃｍ－１和６００—７００ｃｍ－１处均出现磺酸基的特征吸收峰。变性剂和羊毛间形成共价结合成为纤维侧基的一部分。变性羊毛表面的电性能有较大变化，但其物理机械性能如减溶解度、弹性、断裂强度等基本不受影响。     

阳离子明胶蛋白改性CVC织物活性染料的染色性

针对活性染料利用率低,染深色及盐用量多的问题,利用自制阳离子明胶蛋白助剂对CVC织物进行阳离子化改性,优化出有利于提高活性染料吸附上染性能的最佳改性工艺条件,并且研究了改性CVC织物活性染料无盐染色的性能.结果表明,改性CVC织物无盐染色可获得比未改性CVC织物常规加盐染色更高的上染百分率、K/S值、固色效率和皂洗牢度,但是摩擦牢度有轻微降低,需要进一步研究.     

抗菌性阳离子活性染料对不同纤维的染色及抗菌性能

采用合成的抗菌性阳离子活性染料对尼龙66、羊毛和腈纶纤维进行了染色和抗菌性能研究.该染料对3种纤维均具有良好的染色性能,3种纤维染色织物具有良好的耐水洗和耐摩擦色牢度,但上染速率和上染率具有一定的差异,染色后的3种纤维织物具有良好的抗菌性能.同时,采用该染料对棉、尼龙66、羊毛和腈纶纤维织物进行了同浴染色性能研究,结果表明:该染料对4种纤维在同浴染色时具有不同的上染速率,同色性具有一定的差异.该染料在水溶液中具有良好的抗菌性能,对大肠杆菌(E.coli)和金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureas)的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)为10×10-6g/L.     

色媒体改性棉织物用酸性染料染色的工艺探讨

用色媒体对棉织物进行阳离子改性处理,探讨了酸性染料对其染色的工艺条件.研究表明,经色媒体改性的棉织物,在无盐条件下,80℃用酸性染料染色25 min之后,上染率和固色率可分别达到97%和95%以上,得色量远高于未改性的棉织物,但其色光偏红、偏蓝,且湿摩擦牢度比未改性棉低.     

电晕处理对毛织物表面性能的影响

对羊毛织物的表面进行了电晕处理，用XPS和SEM研究了处理前后纤维袁面化学结构及物理结构的变化，探讨羊毛的润湿性、表面静电性能和对植物染料染色性能的变化．结果表明，经电晕处理后，羊毛表面舍氧量增多，表面漫润性得到改善，增加了纤维表面的亲水性；此外，电晕处理导致鳞片表层胱氨酸的部分二硫键氧化断裂，改善了对植物染料黄连的染色性能，表现为上染速度提高，但上染率变化不大．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that