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1.
本文对非离子表面活性剂聚氧乙烯(n=23)月桂基醚(Brij-35)和阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)及阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为二元表面活性剂复配水溶液体系,在气-液界面和胶团中的有关物化性能进行了一系列测试,对它们之间的相互作用机理进行了探讨,得出了分子相互作用参数βs和βm,并对复配体系相互作用增效情况进行了讨论。  相似文献   

2.
温度及油酸钠复配对CTAB水溶液性质的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
用滴体积法研究了温度及油酸钠(SO)的复配对十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)水溶液的表面活性与胶团形成的影响。结果表明:在305-337K之间,CTAB的临界胶团浓度(Ccmc)随温度的升高而增大,形成胶团的过程是一个焓熵共同驱动的热力学自发过程;在CTAB-SO复配体系中,正负离子表面活性剂之间存在着强烈的相互作用,等摩尔混合体系(1:1)具有最高的表面活性,Ccmc,γcmc,β^m,β^s和pC20均具有最低值。  相似文献   

3.
双子两性磷酸酯/十二烷基硫酸钠复配体系的表面活性   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
研究了阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和双子两性磷酸酯表面活性剂(C12GP)的形成胶束能力和降低表面张力能力的协同作用,发现C12GP与SDS摩尔比为4:1时增效作用显著.考察了无机盐、醇对复配体系表面活性的影响.结果表明:加盐能够提高表面活性;短链脂肪醇作为添加剂应用于复配体系后,当混合表面活性剂的浓度较低时,其临界胶束浓度(ccm)比直接使用混合表面活性剂的ccm有所下降;同时长链脂肪醇作为添加剂应用于复配体系后,其ccm比直接使用混合表面活性剂的ccm下降显著.  相似文献   

4.
润湿性是表面活性剂的一个重要特性。采用帆布沉降法测定了烷基多苷(APG)与目前常用的润湿渗透剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(JFC)的润湿力,找出二元复配体系在各个浓度下的最佳复配比,并将该配比下的润湿性与常用的阴离子渗透剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)进行比较。实验表明:复配后的二元体系表面活性剂具有比一元体系更好的润湿力,该复配体系润湿性较优,说明APG与JFC在润湿性方面具有协同效应。  相似文献   

5.
采用铂环法测定聚醚F-68、全氟碳烷基丙烯基糖醚衍生物表面活性剂及其组成的复配体系的表面张力,评价该单一和复配表面活性剂体系的表面活性,探讨全氟碳烷基丙烯基糖醚衍生物表面活性剂对聚醚F-68的增效作用.结果表明,三种全氟碳烷基丙烯基糖醚衍生物表面活性剂均具有较好的表面活性,且都能与聚醚F-68形成的复配体系表现出很好的增效作用,增效作用与其在复配体系中的含量比例有关.  相似文献   

6.
采用铂环法测定聚醚F-68、全氟碳烷基丙烯基糖醚衍生物表面活性剂及其组成的复配体系的表面张力,评价该单一和复配表面活性剂体系的表面活性,探讨全氟碳烷基丙烯基醚衍生物表面活性剂对聚醚F-68的增效作用。结果表明,三种全氟碳烷基丙烯基糖醚衍生物表面活性剂均具有较好的表面活性,且都能与聚醚F-68形成的复配体系表现出很好的增效作用,增效作用与其在复配体系中的含量比例有关。  相似文献   

7.
表面活性剂复配体系在水溶液中表现出优越的性能,其复配规律的研究,对于表面活性剂的应用具有重要的指导作用.在30℃时通过表面张力法研究了两性离子表面活性剂硫代甜菜碱12(SB3-12)和阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)复配体系形成胶束能力和降低表面张力能力方面的协同作用.结果表明:复配体系在降低临界胶束浓度(CMC)和表面张力能力方面可产生明显的协同增效作用,且SB3-12和SDS的摩尔比为5∶5时增效作用最显著,其CMC和最低表面张力分别为1.80 mmol.L-1和34.90mN.m-1,明显低于单一组分.并考察了复配体系的稳定性及无水硫酸铜、β-环糊精、正丁醇对复配体系表面活性的影响,发现复配体系具有很好的稳定性,无水硫酸铜、正丁醇能提高复配体系的表面活性,而β-环糊精的加入降低了体系的表面活性.  相似文献   

8.
胶团强化超滤去除水溶液中Cd2+,Cu2+和Ni2+的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠研究胶团强化超滤法对水溶液中3种重金属离子Cd2+,Cu2+和Ni2+的去除,考察不同阴离子的钠盐对胶团强化超滤性能的影响,通过动态光散射法测定溶液中表面活性剂胶团的直径。研究结果表明:胶团直径随着SDS浓度的增加逐渐减小,NaCl浓度增加屏蔽了表面活性剂头基之间的静电排斥力,导致胶团聚集数和直径增大;当表面活性剂和金属离子浓度比为10时,在单一和混合体系中,同一条件下的Cd2+,Cu2+和Ni2+截留率都基本相同,均高于98%,证明胶团强化超滤去除金属离子的机理是金属离子通过静电引力吸附于SDS胶团上,金属离子的截留率只与其价态有关,而与金属离子种类无关;高浓度NaCl的加入会使Cd2+截留率显著降低。  相似文献   

9.
C12TAB/C12E7 混合体系的胶团化和表面层吸附行为表明, 在C12TAB水溶液中添加C12E7 使混合体系临界胶团浓度Ccmc 急剧下降, 表面张力降低效率明显提高, 而表面张力降低能力还出现大范围浓度内的增效. 和阴离子/ 非离子表面活性剂混合体系相比较, 阳离子/ 非离子表面活性剂容易形成混合胶团, 但界面吸附倾向相对不如前者强  相似文献   

10.
C12TAB/C12E7 混合体系的胶团化和表面层吸附行为表明, 在C12TAB水溶液中添加C12E7 使混合体系临界胶团浓度Ccmc 急剧下降, 表面张力降低效率明显提高, 而表面张力降低能力还出现大范围浓度内的增效. 和阴离子/ 非离子表面活性剂混合体系相比较, 阳离子/ 非离子表面活性剂容易形成混合胶团, 但界面吸附倾向相对不如前者强  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

13.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

14.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

15.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

16.
Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.  相似文献   

17.
以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.  相似文献   

18.
AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…  相似文献   

19.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

20.
Quality traits in wheat (Triticum aestirum L.) were studied by quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross (ChSh). Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.  相似文献   

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