大肠杆菌酶基因缺失菌株碳中心代谢系统的代谢通量分析

大肠杆菌(E.coli)因其遗传信息简单且容易培养而被广泛用作各种生物化学、生物技术研究的模式微生物.为了认识重要模式生物大肠杆菌的代谢系统中各种酶的作用,以软件分析的模式,对已经构建好的小型大肠杆菌代谢系统在cobra中进行代谢通量平衡分析FBA(Flux-Balance Analysis)和代谢通量变化性分析FVA(Flux Variability Analysis),分别单独敲除代谢系统中的25个酶基因,分析敲除各个酶基因后的FBA和FVA的计算结果,通过作图显示出在大肠杆菌代谢系统中不同酶基因被敲除后每个反应的两项结果变化和不同酶基因被敲除后全部反应的两项结果的变化,以此来推测大肠杆菌代谢系统中各种酶所起的作用.     

厄尔尼诺和反厄尔尼诺年太平洋海—气热量输送特征

本文分析了厄尔尼诺和反厄尔尼诺年太平洋地区海-气潜热和感热通量距平分布及各自的年变化特征,结果表明,它们之间存在明显的差异,而且冬季最为显著.     

一种测量金属原子束密度通量及空间分布的新方法

为测量激光原子法同位素分离中密度通量 ,采用两端镀有铜电极的玻璃基片作测量探头 ,通过检测蒸镀在玻璃基片上两电极间金属薄膜电阻的变化来测量密度通量。探头输出信号经由多路 A/ D数据采集卡处理后送入微型电子计算机 ,经计算处理可实时给出密度通量的空间分布。实验结果表明 ,该方法费用低、精度高     

南沙海域大气湍流通量输送特征分析

利用１９９４年９月在南沙群岛的渚碧礁（１０°５２′Ｎ，１１４°０４′Ｅ）观测的湍流资料，采用涡旋相关法计算，给出了南沙海域的曳力系数、动量通量、感热通量和潜热通量，并与其它的海气相互作用实验及ＨＥＩＦＥ的结果作了比较。结果表明：该海域的曳力系数ＣＤ＝（１．５４±０．２４）×１０－３；大气向海洋输送的动量通量与水平风速的平方成正比；该海区无论白天还是晚上都是将其贮存的热量以潜热或感热的形式输送到大气中，其中潜热输送占主导地位；感热和潜热输送的日变化不如陆地上明显，感热输送的日均值远比陆地上的小，而潜热输送的日均值却比戈壁沙漠上的大得多，但与绿洲的相近     

环钦州湾河流入海污染物通量及其对海水生态环境的影响

利用2001至2010年监测结果和统计资料,研究环钦州湾近10年河流主要污染物人海通量变化特征,分析污染物人海通量变化与钦州市人口和地区生产总值（GDP）之间的关系,探讨近10年来环钦州湾污染物人海通量变化的原因及其对钦州湾水质和生态环境的影响效应。结果表明,河流输入是钦州湾人海污染源的最主要部分,人海污染物以有机物（COD）和营养盐为主。钦江和茅岭江输入的总污染物通量在前5年变化较大而后5年相对平稳;有机物通量与总污染物通量的变化特征一致;营养盐通量在近10年中显示出增加的趋势。钦州湾周边地区的社会经济快速发展以及近年来环境保护政策和措施的综合作用是河流污染物通量变化的主要原因。近10年河流营养盐入海通量持续增加,引起海湾营养盐的增加及富营养化程度的加重,最终导致钦州湾赤潮的风险增加以及浮游植物群落结构和多样性的变化,影响着海湾的生态系统健康。     

穿越东亚不同定义对流层顶质量和臭氧通量的分析

选取动力学和热力学定义的对流层顶作为平流层和对流层之间的分界,并利用等熵坐标下的Wei公式对东亚地区穿越对流层顶的质量和臭氧通量进行了分析,结果发现对流层顶的选择对于研究平流层与对流层交换方面的作用至关重要.东亚地区质量和臭氧通量交换在整体上具有明显的年代际变化特征,1958～2001年近44a的通量交换距平变化可以分为3个比较稳定的时段:即1958～1971,1972～1985和1986～2001年.在这3个时段中,通量交换距平分布表现为"负正负"的变化趋势,说明在东亚地区质量和臭氧净通量交换情况为先增强后减弱.东亚地区平流层和对流层之间质量和臭氧交换正距平区在东北平原和华北平原附近经历了一个逐渐增强的变化过程,表明这些区域在东亚地区平流层和对流层之间的质量和臭氧通量交换中扮演着越来越重要的角色.     

湍流运动与生态边界层厚度

通过湍流通量及其梯度的空间结构和时间变化的分析,进一步揭示了生态边界层的结构特征和功能以及植物生理活动在这一过程中的重要性。茶园枝叶密集的冠层空间是物质能量的源和汇,可视为一个具有特定功能的整体,即生态实体。生态边界层厚度是指植物生命活动与物理环境之间的直接作用距离,超出这一距离,植物与环境间的物质能量交换则不明显。茶园冠层的生态边界层厚度(D)可用公式D=(BA)表达。(BA)为植物生理活动函数,HC为植物群体高度。在中性条件下,Φ=1。当=1时,D值变化在0.08HC～0.16HC之间,在考察生态系统的环境条件时,D值具有一定的参考意义。     

二元汲取液的优选及配比试验研究

目的 确定二元汲取液的最优组合与最佳配比,探究二元汲取液渗透性能的稳定性与处理工艺的可行性。方法 以NaCl、CaCl₂、MgCl₂、KCl为基础配制4种二元汲取液,对4种二元汲取液的水通量、反向溶质通量、特定水通量以及经济性进行比较,改变温度、流速等条件比较单盐汲取液与二元汲取液水通量的变化情况。结果 性能最优的二元汲取液组合为CaCl₂+KCl和MgCl₂+NaCl,最佳质量比分别为1∶1和1∶2;二元汲取液水通量均高于单盐汲取液,且反向溶质通量小;温度、流速对二元汲取液水通量的影响程度相比于单盐汲取液小。结论 性能最优的二元汲取液既具有小分子无机盐汲取液的高水通量,同时也具有大分子汲取液的低盐反渗,最佳质量比的二元汲取液正渗透性能稳定,经济性高。     

南海夏季风强弱年东亚地表热力异常特征的合成研究

 利用NCAR/NCEP1948年1月-2002年12月共55 a 660个月的地表感热通量和地表潜热通量以及其它气象场的月平均再分析资料,计算了期间5-6月平均的南海夏季风湿位涡强度指数。由标准化的湿位涡强度指数距平的年际变化曲线,选择距平值大于0.5的年份为季风爆发的强年,距平值小于-0.5的年份为季风爆发的弱年,对强、弱年东亚及其周边地区的地表潜热通量（LHF）距平、地表感热通量（SHF）距平以及海平面气压（SLP）距平的分布特征进行了合成分析。结果表明,在南海夏季风爆发强年和弱年,其前期冬春季的地表潜热通量、感热通量以及海平面气压场的距平分布有很大不同,前冬的差别更为明显。冬季,LHF和SHF在强、弱年的主要差异在海洋上和近海地区,尤其是西太平洋沿岸,合成距平呈现沿海岸线的东北-西南向的带状分布,强年沿岸为正距平,弱年为负距平。LHF和SHF标准化距平叠加之和有同样的区域分布特征。这种强、弱年的距平分布差异,与低层风场在强、弱年的不同有密切关系,强年东亚冬季风偏强,弱年则反之。强、弱年SLP在前冬的距平差异,验证了上述结论。     

亚热带红壤丘陵区非均匀地表能量通量的初步研究

在千烟洲站亚热带红壤丘陵区人工林生态系统,利用涡度相关技术研究了非均匀下垫面能量通量各个组成部分的日变化进程。本站能量平衡在冬季以感热通量为主,从春季开始树木进入生长季,以潜热通量为主。测站净辐射最高值冬季可达474.8W·m-2,春季达723.1W·m-2。感热通量在冬季最大值达278.68W·m-2,春季达305.02W·m-2。潜热通量在冬季最大值123.84W·m-2,春季最高达402.04W·m-2。土壤热通量一般最高值出现在午后15∶30,最低值则出现在清晨7∶00～8∶00。本站的能量平衡率一般在60%～98%。能量不闭合的原因初步认为有两个方面:①测定源的面积可能有误差;②忽略了水平对流产生的影响。从而提出了今后的研究重点。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with