聚3-甲氧基噻吩对二巯基噻二唑的电化学改性的研究

研究了聚3-甲氧基噻吩(PMOT)膜电极在2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑(DMcT)溶液中电化学处理或浸泡后的循环伏安(CV)曲线的变化规律,并研究了一定量的PMOT对DMcT充放电性能的影响。实验结果表明,PMOT膜电极在DMcT溶液中进行电化学处理或浸泡过程可使DMcT进入PMOT膜内部与PMOT形成复合物。PMOT对DMcT的电化学催化作用可能和二者之间形成的电子给体-受体复合物有关.该复合物的电化学氧化还原特性不同于PMOT和DMcT,其氧化还原反应速率和可逆性均优于DMcT,且经过PMOT催化改性后,DMcT的放电容量得到了增加,循环性能有了很大改善。     

聚3-甲氧基噻吩对二巯基噻二唑的电化学改性的研究

研究了聚3-甲氧基噻吩(PMOT)膜电极在2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑 (DMcT)溶液中电化学处理或浸泡后的循环伏安(CV)曲线的变化规律, 并研究了一定量的PMOT对DMcT充放电性能的影响。实验结果表明,PMOT膜电极在DMcT溶液中进行电化学处理或浸泡过程可使DMcT进入PMOT膜内部与PMOT形成复合物。PMOT对DMcT的电化学催化作用可能和二者之间形成的电子给体－受体复合物有关。该复合物的电化学氧化还原特性不同于PMOT和DMcT,其氧化还原反应速率和可逆性均优于DMcT, 且经过PMOT催化改性后, DMcT的放电容量得到了增加, 循环性能有了很大改善。     

2，5-二巯基．1，3，4噻二唑正极材料的合成及其电化学性能

以水合肼、二硫化碳为原料,三乙胺为催化剂,氢氧化钠为转换剂,硫酸为酸化剂,在85 ℃乳液聚合得到2, 5-二巯基-1, 3, 4噻二唑(DMcT),用红外光谱鉴定产物的结构;采用交流阻抗法研究PAn,PMOT和CuC2O4对DMcT的电催化作用,测试PAn/DMcT复合正极材料的充放电性能.研究结果表明,最佳反应条件为:n(二硫化碳)-n(氢氧化钠)-n(水合肼)=3.5-1.5-1,酸化pH值控制在0.6～1.0,此时,产率达到92%;PAn对DMcT的电催化作用明显,使其阻抗从1.28 kΩ减小至270 Ω;PAn/DMcT复合正极材料首次放电比容量为225 mA-h/g,与DMcT的135 mA-h/g相比,放电比容量有明显提高.     

银粉末微电极的CV和EIS研究

为了研究氧化还原过程中银电极的组成和结构的变化,将银粉制成粉末微电极.通过对银粉末微电极的循环伏安测试和电化学阻抗谱分析,得知反应过程中的银电极分为内、外两层.在不同的反应阶段,确定了内、外两层的组成和结构.     

纳米碳对DMcT-PAn正极材料电化学性能的影响

研究了纳米碳对DMcT-PAn正极材料的电化学性能的影响.实验结果表明:DMcT-PAn正极材料的电化学氧化还原电流随着纳米碳含量的增加而增大;纳米碳使聚苯胺(PAn)膜的第2个氧化还原峰(位于0～0.2 V)电位发生正移,而微米级碳的存在使得PAn膜的氧化还原电位发生负移,因此,纳米碳主要是影响复合材料中聚苯胺的电化学性能;同时,在纳米碳的作用下,DMcT-PAn的电化学反应阻抗变小,复合膜的电化学容量增加,说明纳米碳对DMcT-PAn电化学反应有电催化作用;当纳米碳质量分数为8%～15%时,含碳复合膜的电化学容量比本征DMcT-PAn膜的电化学容量高,电化学反应阻抗Ret较低;纳米碳可有效改善DMcT-PAn正极材料的电化学性能.     

电极类型对NiOOH循环伏安测试的影响

 制备了NiOOH的涂膏式电极和粉末微电极,并对两种电极进行了循环伏安测试.测试结果表明,粉末微电极出现了还原峰和氧化峰,而涂膏式电极只出现了还原峰,表明粉末微电极的电极可逆性优于涂膏式电极;对于粉末微电极,其氧化峰及还原峰的峰电位、峰电流最终均趋于稳定,说明所制备NiOOH较为稳定;而其ΔE值最小仅为0.131 V,小于涂膏式电极所测值,说明粉末微电极用于循环伏安测试效果更好,所制备NiOOH样品晶格结构较为稳定,具有较好的电极可逆性.对造成涂膏式电极和粉末微电极测试结果差异的原因进行了分析探讨.     

聚苯胺修饰活性炭电极的电化学性能

有机体系下,采用循环伏安法(CV)在活性炭电极表面电聚合聚苯胺制备聚苯胺/活性炭复合电极,通过循环伏安、恒流充放电和电化学交流阻抗谱(EIS)测试了电极的电化学特性,结果表明,聚苯胺/活性炭复合电极具有良好的电容行为,在-1.0～1.5V参比极为Ag/AgCl,测试区间内具有较大的电化学容量,电极比电容高达276F·g-1,较活性炭电极的比电容92F·g-1有了很大提高.并且交流阻抗法测得活性炭电极的电荷转移电阻Rct为4.9Ω,而复合电极Rct仅2.4Ω.1000次充放电测试后,复合电极比电容仅衰减15.7%.由此表明,在有机体系下聚苯胺/活性炭复合电极是一种具有良好循环寿命和高比电容的复合电极材料.     

硫酸介质中Pt电极上3-乙氧基-4-羟基苯乙醇酸的电氧化

采用循环伏安曲线法和极化曲线法研究了硫酸介质中的3-乙氧基-4-羟基苯乙醇酸(EHMA)在Pt电极上的电化学氧化过程.循环伏安曲线表明,EHMA的电化学氧化是完全不可逆的,在1.35V(vs.SCE)处出现氧化电流峰;结合线性拟合方法表明,氧化峰电流与EHMA浓度在0.01~0.5mol/L范围内、与硫酸浓度在0~0.25mol/L范围内、与扫描速度平方根在0.05~2V/s范围内呈良好的线性关系;硫酸介质中的EHMA在铂电极上的电氧化过程是由扩散步骤控制的.极化曲线表明,EHMA的电化学氧化反应为表观一级反应;在电极电势为1.2V和1.3V时,表观活化能分别为61.799kJ/mol和52.780kJ/mol;在温度35~50℃范围内,交换电流密度为1.20~2.04×10-6 A/cm2.     

NO在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极的电氧化行为

为研制生物医学和环境检测的NO电化学传感器,用碱和硝酸对多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)进行功能化.采用循环伏安法(CV)和电化学阻抗法(EIS)研究NO在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电氧化行为,并探讨相应的反应机理.研究结果表明:当氧化电位较低(0.50～0.65 V)时,NO的电氧化受电极电位驱动,氧化速度随着电极电位的升高而加快;当电极电位达到一定值(0.70～0.80 V)时,其电极反应受电荷转移和扩散混合控制;当电极电位较高(0.85 V)时,NO的电极反应受扩散控制;与MWCNTs修饰电极相比,MWCNT-COOH修饰电极上反应的活化能(氧化峰电位)明显降低,其峰电流密度(反应速度)是MWCNTs修饰电极的1.4倍,说明MWCNT-COOH修饰电极能够有效地提高NO氧化的电催化活性和检测灵敏度.     

四甲基对苯醌电化学还原研究

利用循环伏安法、现场红外光谱电化学、循环伏吸法及导数循环伏吸法研究四甲基对苯醌(TMBQ)在乙腈溶液中的电化学氧化还原过程.结果表明:TMBQ的电化学还原并不是简单的两步单电子还原过程.研究发现,还原过程同时伴随后行化学反应.TMBQ的还原产物在-0.32 V处产生不可逆氧化峰,表明在四甲基对苯醌的电化学还原过程中发生了二聚反应.现场红外光谱电化学进一步证实了二聚体的生成.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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