稀土镧对成纤维NIH3T3细胞生长的作用

研究了稀土镧对培养的成纤维NIH3T3细胞增殖,周期和凋亡的影响,并探讨了其相关机理。用MTT比色法检测了细胞的增殖,用流式细胞分析仪测定了细胞周期和凋亡。结果表明:LaCl3对NIH3T3细胞的凋亡没有明显的影响,但可明显促进成纤维NIH3T3细胞的增殖,且具有一定的时间和浓度依赖性。且随着LaCl3浓度的升高,处于G1期的细胞数量明显减少,而S期细胞数量显著增多,表明LaCl3可促进成纤维NIH3T3细胞G1/S期转换,加快细胞周期进程,从而提高成纤维NIH3T3细胞的增殖活性。此研究为进一步明确镧的生物学性质提供一定的实验依据。     

细胞外信号调节激酶1/2信号通路在小鼠T细胞增殖、周期和活化中的作用

目的:探讨细胞外信号调节激酶1/2(ERK1/2)信号通路在小鼠T淋巴细胞增殖、周期和活化中的作用.方法:分离小鼠淋巴结细胞,藉多克隆刺激剂刀豆蛋白(ConA)或佛波醇酯(PDB)加离子霉素(Ion)刺激,流式细胞术分析ERK1/2信号通路的特异性阻断剂PD98059对小鼠T淋巴细胞增殖、周期和活化的影响.结果:活体染料羧基荧光素乙酰乙酸染色分析显示,不同浓度(5、10、20、30、40 μmol/L)的PD98059对ConA诱导的T淋巴细胞增殖具有明显的抑制作用,呈现剂量依赖关系(r=0.985,P＜0.01).碘化丙锭染色分析表明,PD98059可阻止ConA刺激的T淋巴细胞进入S期和G2/M期,PD98059对PDB Ion刺激的T淋巴细胞细胞周期的影响与ConA刺激相似,不同的是S期和G2/M期的变化较ConA作用更显著.荧光标记单克隆抗体染色显示,不同浓度的PD98059仅能轻微影响T淋巴细胞表面活化标志CD69和CD25的表达.结论:PD98059对小鼠T淋巴细胞的增殖有明显抑制作用,并阻止其进入S期和G2/M期,但不能明显抑制小鼠T淋巴细胞的早期和中期活化.     

Spindlin 1编码的蛋白质定位于细胞核并使NIH3T3细胞发生恶性转化

研究了卵巢癌中高表达的新基因spindlin1的亚细胞定位及其对小鼠NIH3T3细胞生物学行为的影响, 并探讨了人spindlin1基因的生物学功能. 采用脂质体转染法将构建的融合蛋白表达载体pEGFP-N1/ pEGFP-N1-spindlin1瞬时转染COS-7细胞,观察spindlin1基因的亚细胞定位;同时稳定转染NIH3T3细胞,经G418抗性筛选后,用RT-PCR筛选并鉴定表达spindlin1的稳定细胞株;通过细胞增殖活性、流式细胞检测、软琼脂克隆形成、迁移实验及裸鼠成瘤等对转染细胞的生物学行为进行检测. 结果表明,spindlin1定位于胞核;并促进NIH3T3细胞的增殖,使其处于G2/M期的细胞比例显著增加;同时证实过表达spindlin1的NIH3T3细胞不仅具明显的克隆形成及迁移能力,而且能使裸鼠成瘤. 由此我们得出结论:spindlin1基因过表达可促使NIH3T3细胞发生恶性转化,提示spindlin1可能是一种与肿瘤形成相关的原癌基因.     

人endostatin基因重组逆转录病毒载体的构建及其在NIH3T3细胞中表达

为探讨转人血管内皮抑制基因（endostatin）在转染细胞中的表达，利用逆转录病毒载体构建人endostatin基因的重组质粒，通过脂质体（lipofectamine）将重组质粒导入包装细胞PA317,制备重组病毒液。用重组病毒液感染NIH3T3细胞，经G418筛选获得转入endostatin基因细胞株NIH3T3-endo。同法制备对照细胞株NIH3T3-pLncx.PCR检测NIH3T3-endo细胞基因组，在扩增产物中一份550bp人endostatin基因特异性片段，对照组为阴性。免疫组化测定示仅NIH3T3-endo细胞中有外源性endostatin蛋白的表达，说明人endostatin基因已被成功导入NIH3T3细胞，并获得稳定表达。     

ATR-Chkl-Cdc25信号通路参与盘基网柄菌G2/M转变期的调控简

显微镜观察盘基网柄菌野生型KAx-3细胞和突变型RNAi-allC细胞,计数结果表明后者的单细胞繁殖速度约为前者的8倍. 为探究该突变型盘基网柄菌细胞周期缩短的原因,用荧光定量PCR和western blot研究了ATR-Chk1-Cdc25信号通路在其中的可能作用. 实验结果表明：RNAi-allC细胞中cdc25基因相对表达量约为KAx-3细胞的8倍,而其Chk1与ATR基因的相对表达量却明显低于KAx-3细胞. 突变细胞中Cdc25蛋白含量高于KAx-3细胞,但其Chk1蛋白含量却显著低于KAx-3细胞. 这些数据表明,两种类型细胞之间的ATR、Chk1、Cdc25在mRNA水平和蛋白表达上均存在差异,特别是ATR基因表达量的不同明显影响ChK1和Cdc25的表达量,提示ATR-Chk1-Cdc25信号通路应该在一定程度上参与了盘基网柄菌细胞周期G2/M期的调控.     

ATR-Chk1-Cdc25信号通路参与盘基网柄菌G2/M转变期的调控

显微镜观察盘基网柄菌野生型KAx--3细胞和突变型RNAi-allC细胞,计数结果表明后者的单细胞繁殖速度约为前者的8倍.为探究该突变型盘基网柄菌细胞周期缩短的原因,用荧光定量PCR和western blot研究了ATR-Chk1Cdc25信号通路在其中的可能作用.实验结果表明:RNAi-allC细胞中cdc25基因相对表达量约为KAx-3细胞的8倍,而其Chk1与ATR基因的相对表达量却明显低于KAx-3细胞.突变细胞中Cdc25蛋白含量高于KAx-3细胞,但其Chk1蛋白含量却显著低于KAx-3细胞.这些数据表明,两种类型细胞之间的ATR、Chk1、Cdc25在mRNA水平和蛋白表达上均存在差异,特别是ATR基因表达量的不同明显影响ChK1和Cdc25的表达量,提示ATR-Chk1-Cdc25信号通路应该在一定程度上参与了盘基网柄菌细胞周期G2/M期的调控.     

基于TCGA数据库的乳腺癌进程关键基因系统筛选和鉴定

利用TCGA数据库收集的乳腺癌转录组数据和病人临床信息,分析基因表达与乳腺癌临床病理学参数的相关性及其对预后的影响,同时结合表达差异分析筛选出与乳腺癌进程密切相关的7个候选基因(UBE2T、RRM2、SGOL1、ERCC6L、CCNE1、HMGB3和SPDYC).通过基因功能注释检索确定SGOL1作为实验验证的候选基因.实验结果表明在乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-231中敲降SGOL1能显著抑制细胞生长,细胞周期被阻滞在G2/M期.上述结果表明SGOL1在乳腺癌进程中具有重要作用,同时也说明该生物信息结合实验的筛选方法可以加速肿瘤关键基因的筛选和鉴定.     

乳腺癌中hsa-miR-17-92基因簇及其旁系同源体的共调控作用

hsa-miR-17-92基因簇高度保守,可以作为抑癌基因抑制乳腺癌细胞的增殖.包括2个旁系同源体:miR-106a-363和miR-106b-25基因簇,其序列高度相似,可能通过调控共同靶基因而具有相似的功能.探讨3个基因簇转录的15条microRNA的序列特征,以及共调控靶基因在人类乳腺正常和癌细胞系中的表达;并进一步就显著差异表达基因进行GO和Pathway(KEGG)分析.结果表明,超过75%(178/236)的共调控靶基因表达具有显著差异性,这些基因可能与生物体的细胞代谢、转录后调控、生物合成等多种生物学过程有关,参与细胞周期,癌症等信号通路.分析发现乳腺特异基因PTPN4在乳腺癌中的低表达影响蛋白磷酸化水平和细胞周期,SMAD4、CCND1和E2F1作为与细胞周期相关基因在细胞的G1期起重要作用,它们的低表达阻止细胞从G1期进入S期,从而抑制癌细胞的生长,起到抑癌作用.特别是,一方面基因簇调控CCND1和E2F1使其低表达,另一方面它们作为转录因子结合到基因簇的启动子区诱导基因簇表达,从而形成负反馈调控循环调控下游基因表达.     

钙调素对肿瘤细胞周期的调节作用

利用钙调素拮抗剂三氟拉嗪(TFP)研究了钙调素对HeLa细胞周期进程的影响,TFP处理的细胞被阻抑在G_1/S,使S期群体及DNA合成下降,G_2期群体增加.有丝分裂(M)前期细胞减少,中期细胞增加.结果表明钙调素对G_1至S期.G_2至M期和M中期至M后期具有调节作用,钙调素通过细胞周期中上述3个位点对肿瘤细胞增殖进行调节.     

H13对HT-29细胞周期和caspase-3蛋白表达的影响

探讨新型Topo I抑制剂H13对体外培养的人结肠癌细胞HT-29细胞周期和caspase-3表达的影响.以人结肠癌细胞HT-29为研究对象,PI染色,流式细胞仪检测H13处理48 h后细胞周期的分布;Western Blot法检测H13处理48 h后caspase-3表达的变化.2.5和5 g/mL H13处理的HT-29处理48 h后,G1期细胞百分率下降,S期细胞百分率上升,并且有剂量依赖性;2.5,5,10 g/mL H13处理的HT-29处理48 h后,caspase-3蛋白表达升高.H13对诱导HT-29细胞周期阻滞于S期,其机制可能与其上调caspase-3表达有关.     

Chk1 prevents abnormal mitosis of S-phase HeLa cells containing DNA damage

To explore effects of DNA damage on cell-cycle progression in p53-deficient tumor cells, synchronized HeLa cells at G1, S and G2/M phases were treated with methyl methanesulfnate （MMS）. The results showed that the MMS treatment resulted in the cell-cycle arrest or delay in all 3 phases, while the S-phase cells were the most sensitive to MMS. Further studies demonstrated that ATM-Chk2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways were activated in all 3 phases when the cells were treated with MMS; whereas Chk1 was activated only in S phase under the drug treatment, indicating that Chk1 specifically participated in S-phase checkpoints. To analyze the role of Chk1 in S-phase checkpoints, we administered a specific Chk1 inhibitor, UCN-01, to the S-phase cells. The results showed that the S-phase cells treated with MMS＋UCN-01 could enter aberrant mitosis without finishing DNA replication, indicating that Chk1 mainly functions in the DNA damage checkpoint rather than in the replication checkpoint. In addition, MMS treatment alone inhibited the accumulation of cyclin B1, a key component of M-phase CDK-cyclin complex, in the S-phase cells, whereas the inhibition of Chk1 activation resulted in the accumulation of cyclin B1 in the MMS-treated S-phase cells. This observation further supports the view that DNA-damaged S-phase cells enter abnormal mitosis when Chk1 activation is inhibited. Our results demonstrate that Chk1 is a specific kinase that plays an important role in the MMS-induced S-phase DNA damage checkpoint. As p53 is not involved in this process, Chk1 may be a potential target for p53-deficient tumor therapy.     

芽殖酵母细胞周期过程不同时期的定量观测

在芽殖酵母中构建CDC10-mCherry和SPC42-mCherry荧光蛋白, 作为酵母细胞周期不同时期的报告系统。根据酵母细胞中芽环(CDC10-mCherry)的产生和消失以及纺锤体极体(SPC42-mCherry)的复制和分离,可以测量细胞周期中 G1期、S期、Early M期和Late M期的时间长度。在此报告系统的基础上, 分别构建S期细胞周期蛋白CLB5-GFP和M 期细胞周期蛋白CLB2-GFP菌株, 实现单细胞观测, 检验报告系统工作的稳定性和准确性。该报告系统可作为研究酵母细胞周期不同时期时间长度等定量生物学问题的背景菌株。     

Requirement for ras proto-oncogene function during serum-stimulated growth of NIH 3T3 cells

Human tumours often contain DNA sequences not found in normal tissues which are able to transform cultured NIH 3T3 cells. In some tumours the gene responsible for this transformation belongs to the cellular ras gene family. A specific type of mutation is responsible for converting the cellular proto-oncogene into a ras oncogene capable of inducing transformation. In a study of the function of a cellular ras gene, its protein product (produced in a bacterial cell) was microinjected into NIH 3T3 cells; the recipient cells became morphologically transformed and were induced to initiate DNA synthesis in the absence of added serum, but only when cellular ras protein was injected at much higher concentrations than required with protein of the transforming ras gene. To further analyse the function of the cellular ras gene, we have now injected monoclonal antibodies against ras proteins into NIH 3T3 cells. We report here that NIH 3T3 cells induced to divide by adding serum to the culture medium are unable to enter the S phase of the cell cycle after microinjection of anti-ras antibody, showing that the protein product of the ras proto-oncogene is required for initiation of the S-phase in NIH 3T3 cells.     

Raf-1 protein kinase is required for growth of induced NIH/3T3 cells

Many growth factors regulate the cytoplasmic Raf-1 protein kinase, consistent with its having a central role in transduction of growth signals. The kinase is ubiquitously expressed and can promote proliferation, presumably in a manner dependent on growth-factor receptors and membrane-associated oncogenes. We have now examined the dependence of serum- and TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate)-regulated NIH/3T3 cell growth on RAF-1 kinase to determine whether Raf-1 is essential for receptor signalling. We inhibited Raf-1 function by expressing c-raf-1 antisense RNA or kinase-defective c-raf-1 mutants. Antisense RNA for c-raf-1 interferes with proliferation of normal NIH/3T3 cells and reverts raf-transformed cells. In revertant cells, DNA replication induced by serum or TPA was eliminated or reduced proportionately to the reduction in Raf protein levels. Expression of a kinase-defective Raf-1 mutant (craf301) or a regulatory domain fragment (HCR) inhibited serum-induced NIH/3T3-cell proliferation and raf transformation even more efficiently. Inhibition by antisense RNA or craf301 blocked proliferation and transformation by Ki- and Ha-ras oncogenes. We conclude that raf functions as an essential signal transducer downstream of serum growth factor receptors, protein kinase C and ras.     

Effects of ytterbium on outward K<Superscript>+</Superscript> currents in NIH3T3 cell

Using the whole cell patch-clamp technique, we observed the outward K+ currents and studied for the first time the effects of Yb3+ on the currents and kinetics of activation and inactivation in non-excitable NIH3T3 cell. Our results show that the outward K+ currents were promoted with increasing concentration of Ca2+ in pipette solution and saturated at the concentration of 100 μmol/L Ca2+. Yb3+ in bath solution inhibited the currents in a concentration-dependent manner. At the concentration of 1 μmol/L, Yb...     

以鼠腹腔微环境研究三氧化二砷对食管癌EC109细胞骨架的影响

目的:细胞骨架微丝是与肿瘤细胞生长密切相关的因素之一,本文以生物机体腹腔为免疫的微环境,研究化疗药物三氧化二砷(As2O3)对人食管癌细胞株微丝骨架的影响.方法:利用鬼笔环肽(Phalloidin)及碘化丙碇(Propidium Iodide,PI)标记,以流式细胞仪技术分析小鼠腹腔液中食管癌EC109细胞周期的各期细胞内F-actin的变化.结果:诱导肥大细胞(mast cell,MC)迁移入腹腔的同时,迅速升高G0/G1期细胞及降低S期细胞内的F-actin含量,DNA检测结果显示G0/G1期的肿瘤细胞数量迅速增加(p<0.05),S期细胞含量降低;三氧化二砷作用后,食管癌细胞各期的F-actin含量均降低,尤其S期为甚.MC和As2O3共同作用后,食管癌细胞各期的F-actin含量均也减少,但G0/G1期细胞数量却显著增加.结论:在小鼠腹腔微环境中,免疫功能改变(免疫细胞MC的聚集)引起G0/G1期细胞数量迅速升高、S期细胞的数量降低,可能促使EC109细胞G0/G1期向S期跨越的延迟;在此环境中,As2O3也可能通过抑制S期EC109细胞内F-actin的重组来延迟细胞从G0/G1期进入S期;诱导肥大细胞迁入腹腔的同时加入药物As2O3,其作用主要表现为短期效应,促进了肿瘤细胞内F-actin含量的降低,G0/G1期细胞数量较高,出现短暂的延迟G0/G1期向S期跨越,增强了对肿瘤细胞生长的抑制作用.因此,以生物机体为研究环境,可能更真实地呈现化疗药物对肿瘤细胞的治疗效果.     

Ha-ras和Ki-ras癌基因转染和细胞对小鼠细小病毒杀伤敏感性的相关性(英文)

为研究Ha－ras和Ki－ras癌基因转染和细胞对小鼠细小病毒（MVM）杀伤敏感性间的关系，两个细胞株，即Ki－ras癌基因转化细胞株DT和Ha－ras癌基因转化细胞株REF4-3，被用来作为研究材料．体外细胞集落形成率和细胞在裸小鼠体内的成瘤能力测定显示，和对照细胞NIH／3T3相比，REF4－3和DT对MVM的杀伤作用更敏感．同时，DNA杂交和蛋白免疫沉淀实验结果也显示，在REF-3和DT细胞中，无论是MVM的DNA增殖能力还是其NS－1蛋白的表达能力，均较在其对照组NIH／3T3细胞中高很多．FACA测定也显示，在感染MVM30h后，S期细胞的比例在REF4－3和DT细胞中都有增加，而在NIH／3T3细胞中却略微减少．通过PCR方法也可发现，在受到MVM抑制的REF-3肿瘤中仍可检测到MVM的DNA．     

A novel human gene spindlin1, encoding a protein localized in the cell nucleus and inducing NIH3T3 cell''s transformation

A novel human gene, spindlin1, recently cloned in our laboratory, is highly expressed in the tissue of ovary cancer. To study its biological function, a vector expressing green fluorescent-spindlin1 fusion protein was constructed and transfected into COS-7 and NIH3T3 cells by lipofectamine methods. The results showed that the fusion protein pEGFP-N1-spindlin1 was localized in the nucleus of COS-7 and NIH3T3 cells. NIH3T3 cells which could stably express spindlin1 as a result of RT-PCR analysis compared with the parental NIH3T3 cells displayed a complete morphological change, improved the cell growth and increased the percentage of cells in G2/M phase (12.6% vs control cells at 3.4%). Furthermore, overexpressed spindlin1 cells formed colonies in soft agar, more motile in migration assay in vitro and formed tumors in nude mice. Our findings provide direct evidence that spindlin1 gene may be a prooncogene which is associated with tumorigenesis.     

葡甘聚糖-壳聚糖复合膜的制备及细胞相容性评价

采用溶液共混法制备了葡甘聚糖-壳聚糖复合膜,并测定了材料的吸水率等理化性能。模拟体内生理条件用溶菌酶对复合膜进行体外酶解实验,并与壳聚糖膜作了比较;以体外培养的小鼠成纤维细胞(N IH 3T 3)为对象,利用复合膜的浸渍液培养与膜材料表面直接培养法,同时结合复合膜的溶血反应实验,研究了复合膜的细胞相容性。结果表明:溶菌酶对复合膜的生物降解有促进作用,复合膜降解速率较壳聚糖膜快。四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT法)实验表明复合膜浸渍液对细胞无毒性效应,显微镜和扫描电镜显示N IH 3T 3在复合膜上能很好地贴附,生长旺盛。复合膜溶血率小于5%。葡甘聚糖-壳聚糖复合膜具有良好的生物降解性和细胞相容性。