Electrical activity of the pectoral muscles during gliding and flapping flight in the herring gull (Larus argentatus)

Summary Electromyographic recording from the pectoral muscles of the herring gull during flight showed that very little muscle activity is associated with gliding flight. However, the integrated gliding potentials could be increased very considerably by loading the bird. The muscle activity during gliding and flapping flight are in accordance with the known energy requirements for these 2 types of flight.This work was supported by NIH Research Grant HL-02228 and NIH Research Career Award 1-K6-GM-21, 522 to Prof. Schmidt-Nielsen. G. Goldspink was in receipt of a Science Research Council (UK) Research Grant.     

A rapid method for the fractionation of avian blood cell nuclei

Summary Red blood cell nuclei from avian anaemic blood have been fractionated by rate sedimentation on discontinous sucrose gradients into fractions which can be distinguished both by their RNA synthesizing ability and by their morphology as revealed by electron microscopy.Acknowledgment. We wish to thank H. Gitay for the electron micrographs. This work was supported by grants from the University of Cape Town Research Committee and the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research.     

Effect of L-methionine-DL-sulphoximine on the photoproduction of hydrogen byRhodospirillum rubrum

Summary The repression of photoproduction of hydrogen by ammonia could be relieved by L-methionine-DL-sulfoximine. In the absence of ammonia, hydrogen evolution was inhibited by concentrations of L-methionine-DL-sulfoximine higher than 0.1 mM.Acknowledgments. This work was supported by the Swiss National Foundation for Scientific Research, grant 4.048.0.76.04, National Research Program Energy.     

Effects of tranylcypromine on the concentrations of some trace amines in the diencephalon and hippocampus of the rat

Summary Concentrations of 4 trace amines in diencephalon and hippocampus of the rat were measured by integrated-ioncurrent mass spectrometry after administration of the antidepressant drug, tranylcypromine. Much larger increases were observed for 2-phenylethylamine and tryptamine than for m- and p-tyramine.Financial support has been provided by the Medical Research Council of Canada, the Psychiatric Services Branch, Province of Saskatchewan, the Alberta Mental health Research Fund, and the Special Services and Research Committee, University of Alberta Hospital.Acknowledgments. The authors wish to thank Dr B.A. Davis for synthesizing the deuterated internal standards and Dr D.A. Durden for supervising the mass spectral analyses. Expert technical assistance was provided by Mr R.C. Mag-Atas and Ms D.G. Calverley. The advice and encouragement of Professors W. G. Dewhurst and A. A. Boulton are gratefully acknowledged.     

Wound-induced alterations in survival of60Co irradiated mice: importance of wound timing

Summary Wounding mice shortly before or shortly after lethal⁶⁰Co irradiation enhances survival. Survival of wounded-irradiated mice may be due to enhanced hematopoietic recovery as measured by endogenous spleen colony (E-CFU-s) formation.Supported by the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Defense Nuclear Agency, under research Work Unit 00129. Views presented in this paper are those of the authors; no endorsement by the Defense Nuclear Agency has been given or should be inferred.Research was conducted according to the principles enunciated in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals' prepared by the Institute of Laboratory Research, National Research Council.     

A pesticide-resistant mutant of the N2-fixing blue-green algaNostoc muscorum

Summary The fungicide dithane Z-78 (zinc ethylene bisdithiocarbamate) has been found to be an inhibitor of growth and heterocyst differentiation inNostoc muscorum. Its inhibitory effect has been reversed by exogenous glucose. A spontaneous mutant resitant to a toxic concentration of the fungicide grows in the presence of dithane at a dose normally applied in fields and does not require an exogenous carbon source for its growth.Thanks are due to Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt. of India, New Delhi-110001, for providing financial assistance to A.V. in the form of a Post-Doctoral Research Fellowship.     

On the mechanism of pyrogenic action of ricin

Summary The incubation of rabbit white blood cells with ricin, the toxic protein of castor oil seeds, leads to the production of endogenous pyrogens. This induction can be inhibited by the antibiotics actinomycin D or cycloheximide. The results are discussed in terms of disturbed corticosteroid- and Mg²⁺-levels.Acknowledgments. The author is very grateful to the Uganda National Research Council for the Research Grant No. 60.660.00 (through Makerere University, Kampala) without which the completion of his inaugurated Ph. D. Thesis would not have been possible. This paper represents a part of this Thesis.     

An apparatus for the calibration of electromagnetic flowprobes on small veins in situ

Summary Electromagnetic flowprobe calibration must be done under controlled conditions similar to those encountered experimentally. This in situ calibration apparatus is simple in design, inexpensive, and provides pressure and flow conditions analogous to those found in small veins in vivo.This work was supported by the Harold Tanenbaum Department of Research, Mt Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario. Dr. Kuzon is supported by the Medical Research Council of Canada.     

Survival and endogenous spleen colonies of irradiated mice after skin wounding and hydroxyurea treatment

Summary Wound trauma-induced survival from radiation may be related to increased mitosis in hematopoietic cells. This is supported by the cell cycle-dependent drug hydroxyurea, which 1. blocked survival of wounded mice injected 2 or 3 days after 900 rad and 2. reduced the number of endogenous CFU-s in wounded mice injected shortly before 700 rad.Supported by the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Defense Nuclear Agency, under Research Work Unit MJ00018. Views presented in this paper are those of the authors; no endorsement by the Defense Nuclear Agency has been given or should be inferred.Research was conducted according to the principles enunciated in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals prepared by the Institute of Laboratory Research, National Research Council.     

A simple method for the preparation of antibodies to the mitochondrial biotin-dependent carboxylases

Summary Heterologous antiserum to the 3 biotin-dependent carboxylases was prepared by selective removal of these enzymes from human liver on an avidin-sepharose column. A carboxylase-avidin-sepharose matrix was used as an antigen to produce anti-carboxylase antibodies. The resultant antisera can be used to purifiy the specific carboxylases, to prepare monoclonal antibodies to these enzymes or to study inherited carboxylase deficiencies and biotin-dependent intermediary metabolism.The authors thank Dr Emmanuel Shapira for his helpful suggestions and Patricia Tuck for her technical assistance. This work was supported by NIH research grants AM25675 and AM26127. Barry Wolf is a recipient of an NIH Research Career Development Award (AM00677) and is aided by a Basil O'Connor Starter Research Grant from the National Foundation—March of Dimes (5–263). This is paper No. 137 from the Department of Human Genetics — Medical College of Virginia.     

Coxsackievirus B4 infection of spinal sympathetic ganglion

Summary Coxsackievirus B₄ infection of a spinal sympathetic ganglion of a squirrel monkey is described. Chromatolysis and neuronophagia were extensive. It is suggested that such viral sympathetic ganglial infections may be responsible for dysfunction of organ systems.Supported by the Cardiovascular Research Fund, the Rowell A. Billups Fund for Research in Heart Disease, the Feazel Laboratory and grant No. RR-00164-17 from the Animal Resources Branch, Division of Research Resources of NIH.     

Effect of the juvenoid methoprene on the hemolymph composition of the cabbage maggotDelia radicum (Diptera: Anthomyiidae)

Summary Treatment of post-feeding larvae of the cabbage maggotDelia radicum with methoprene did not affect the capacity of the insect to pupate, but suppressed eclosion to the adult stage. The concentration of hemolymph trehalose was significantly decreased by methoprene treatment, although hemolymph protein and amino nitrogen levels were unaffected.19 December 1986The authors are grateful to D. C. Read of the Research Centre, Agriculture Canada, Charlottetown, P.E.I., Canada for supplying eggs ofD. radicum for the stock colony. TheD. radicum colony was maintained at the Agriculture Canada Research Station, St. John's West, Newfoundland, Canada. The sample of methoprene was donated by Zoecon Corp., Palo Alto, California, U.S.A. This research was supported by a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Operating grant A6679).     

Application of the indigogenic principle for the histochemical demonstration of ribonuclease

Zusammenfassung Es wurde ein neues Indolsubstrat für die histochemische Demonstration von alkalischer RNase II und saurer RNase II synthetisiert. Dieses Verfahren ist besser, schneller und präziser als die bisherigen Kupplungstechniken.

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This investigation was supported in part by Public Health Service Research Grants No. CA-02624 and CA-02903 from the National Cancer Institute and in part by an institutional grant to the Detroit Institute of Cancer Research from the United Foundation of Greater Detroit allocated through the Michigan Cancer Foundation and Detroit General Hospital Research Corporation, Newaygo County Cancer Society. We thank MissPat Warzocha for secretarial assistance.     

Relationship of specific granules to the natriuretic and diuretic activity of rat atria

Summary The isolation of several fractions from rat atrial homogenates, by the use of differential and sucrose gradient centrifugation, indicates that the diuretic and natriuretic activity is restricted to the fractions rich in specific granules. Our preliminary results suggest that the active substance is a small peptide which is probably different from the natriuretic substance(s) already known.Supported by a group grant given by the Medical Research Council of Canada to the Multidisciplinary Research Group on Hypertension of the Clinical Research Institute of Montreal.Acknowledgments. The authors thank Suzanne Diebold for technical assistance.     

The effects of follicle-stimulating hormone on the uptake of labelled glycine by the chick embryo

Résumé On a étudié par autoradiographie l'incorporation de la glycine-1-C¹⁴ par l'embryon du poussin. L'incorporation était la plus élevée dans le tissu neural et puis dans le notochorde et les somites. Après traitement avec le FSH, une incorporation plus grande s'est produite dans les mésodermes chordal et somitique. On propose qu'il peut s'agir d'un effet morphogénétique. Il est particulièrement significatif que le mésoderme axial, qui joue un rôle si important dans l'induction du système nerveux, paraît être également le point d'action de l'hormone.

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Supported by Grant No. DRG-913 from the Damon Runyon Memorial Fund for Cancer Research and also by grants from the Medical Research Council, British Empire Cancer Campaign for Research and the U.S. Public Health Service to the Chester Beatty Research Institute (Institute of Cancer Research: Royal Cancer Hospital). The authors also wish to thank the National Institutes of Health, USA for the FSH preparations.     

Effect of Tween 80 on lipids ofMycobacterium phlei ATCC 354

Summary Addition of Tween 80 to the growth medium brings about qualitative and quantitative changes in the lipids ofMycobacterium phlei ATCC 354. The results suggest that Tween 80 itself may be a variant in the system.Acknowledgments. K. R. D. is grateful to the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, for the award of Senior Research Fellowship. This study was supported in part by funds from Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, and University Grants Commision, New Delhi.     

Comparison of sterols from a phytophagous and predacious species of the family coccinellidae

Summary The sterols of a phytophagous and a predacious species of the family Coccinellidae were found to be quite different from each other, indicating that adaptation to different diet regimens is reflected in the utilization and metabolism of dietary sterols.We thank Dr George Angalet, USDA Beneficial Insects Research Laboratory, Federal Research, SEA, Newark, DE, for providing us with the adultCoccinella septempunctata used in this study.     

A simple and versatile apparatus for the continuous superfusion of nervous tissue preparations

Summary A bimodal apparatus for the continuous superfusion of both subcellular particles and whole tissue slices is described.The authors wish to thank Mr W. Maddison and the Physiology Department workshop for manufacture of this apparatus. Research was supported by the South African Medical Research Council and the Atomic Energy Board of South Africa.     

In vitro metabolism of progesterone by the adrenals of spontaneously hypertensive rats

Zusammenfassung Der Einbau des¹⁴C-Progesterons in Corticosteroide bei Nebennierensegmenten von Wistar-Ratten mit spontaner Hypertonie unterscheidet sich in nichts vom Einbau bei Nebennieren der Kontrollratten, was im Gegensatz zu Befunden mit regenerierten Nebennieren steht. Eine kausale Beziehung zwischen Nebennierenrindenfunktion und spontanem Hochdruck scheint ausgeschlossen zu sein.

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Dr. M. K.Birmingham is a Medical Research Associate of the Medical Research Council of Canada. This work was supported by grants from the Medical Research Council of Canada and the 33rd Degree Scottish Rite Committee for Research in Dementia Praecox. The authors thank Dr. R. A.Cleghorn for his interest in this project.     

The effect of hexamethonium on the secretion induced by sodium deoxycholate in the rat jejunum

Summary The i.v. administration of hexamethonium reduces or abolishes net water secretion induced by sodium deoxycholate in the denervated rat jejunum. The findings suggest that a local nervous reflex may be involved in bile salt-induced intestinal secretion.This research was sponsored by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council (14X-2855), from the Swedish Society for Medical Sciences, from Magnus Bergvalls Stiftelse and from the Medical Faculty, University of Göteborg.