Zn release from fluid inclusions in a natural sphalerite

The type, size, and compositions of fluid inclusions in a natural sphalerite were investigated and the total concentration of Zn released from the fluid inclusions was measured. To compare the total concentration of Zn released from the fluid inclusions with that dissolved from the sphalerite itself, dissolution experiments and theoretical calculations for the dissolution equilibrium of the sphalerite were also performed. The results indicate that large numbers of fluid inclusions with various sizes exist in the sphalerite, which can be divided into four types, i.e., pure gaseous inclusions, pure liquid inclusions, gas-liquid inclusions, and gas-liquid inclusions containing solid minerals. These inclusions were broken open during the grinding process, and their compositions were released to the solution. The total concentration of Zn released from these inclusions reaches 18.35×10?6 mol/L, which is much higher than that of Zn dissolved from the sphalerite itself (1.93×10?6 mol/L) and the theoretical calculation value (2.73×10?8 mol/L).     

甲烷水合物拉曼光谱特征及其在流体包裹体分析中的应用

甲烷水合物具有明显的拉曼光谱特征,但会受到压力和组成的影响,压力主要影响甲烷水合物拉曼峰强度,而组成会影响甲烷水合物的类型以及特征峰的拉曼位移.流体包裹体中甲烷水合物形成时的温度和压力是流体包裹体分析中的重要参数.采用原位拉曼光谱技术对南黄海盆地栖霞组地层石英脉中的天然CH4-H2O体系流体包裹体进行了分析.实验结果表明,利用激光拉曼光谱技术可以获得包裹体中甲烷水合物的拉曼光谱信号.该研究包裹体中的水合物为Ⅰ型甲烷水合物,其形成温度为7.5℃(280.65 K);结合甲烷水合物相平衡关系计算得到包裹体中甲烷生成的压力为5.6 MPa.原位拉曼光谱技术不仅可以准确识别甲烷水合物的类型,而且也可定量获取包裹体中水合物的生成条件.     

甲烷水合物拉曼光谱特征及其在流体包裹体分析中的应用

甲烷水合物具有明显的拉曼光谱特征，但会受到压力和组成的影响，压力主要影响甲烷水合物拉曼峰强度，而组成会影响甲烷水合物的类型以及特征峰的拉曼位移。流体包裹体中甲烷水合物形成时的温度和压力是流体包裹体分析中的重要参数。采用原位拉曼光谱技术对南黄海盆地栖霞组地层石英脉中的天然CH4-H2O体系流体包裹体进行了分析。实验结果表明，利用激光拉曼光谱技术可以获得包裹体中甲烷水合物的拉曼光谱信号。该研究包裹体中的水合物为I型甲烷水合物，其形成温度为7．5℃（280．65K）；结合甲烷水合物相平衡关系计算得到包裹体中甲烷生成的压力为5．6MPa。原位拉曼光谱技术不仅可以准确识别甲烷水合物的类型，而且也可定量获取包裹体中水合物的生成条件。     

陇东地区延长组构造裂缝方解石脉特征及其与烃类流体活动的关系

通过微量元素与稳定同位素分析对鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组广泛发育的构造裂缝方解石充填物的成因及其与烃类流体活动的关系进行研究。结果表明:该区砂泥岩裂缝中充填的方解石为相对富集Fe和Mn而贫Mg的(含)铁方解石,其δ13CPDB为-6.6‰～2.7‰,δ18OPDB为-23.0‰～-14.9‰;方解石脉中富集的Mn元素主要源于酸性烃类流体对长7段源岩内部凝灰岩的溶蚀,其成因主要与有机质演化过程中甲烷生成作用产生的相对富13C二氧化碳和脱羧作用产生的贫13C二氧化碳有关;方解石脉主要形成于早白垩世长7段烃源岩生排烃期间,稍早于或同步于烃类流体的大规模活动,侏罗纪末期形成的裂缝构成了延长组烃类流体活动的重要通道,有利于烃源岩排烃及低渗透砂岩储层的油气运移。     

非线性隐变分包含问题解的存在性和收敛性定理

 研究了Hilbert空间内关于集值映射的一类广义非线形变分包含问题,利用算法,证明了解的几个存在性和收敛性定理,推广了Salahuddin等的相应结果.     

非线性抛物型微分包含积分解的生存性及正则性

研究Banach空间中受极小映射扰动的非线性抛物型微分包含积分解的生存性及正则性.利用非线性半群及极小映射的性质和不动点定理,证明其积分解的生存性,获其积分解之间按Housdorff距离的连续性.借助Lip-schitz条件、绝对连续函数的性质及Banach空间的自反严格凸性,获其积分解的唯一性且是强解.所获结果对受此类微分包含约束的分布参数最优控制问题的探讨奠定理论基础,同时有助于研究相关的非线性微分包含。     

Detection of water in petroleum inclusions and its implications

As water phase is rarely observed in petroleum in- clusions under microscope, and a little geologic and geochemical evidence responsible for whether water exists in petroleum inclusions or not is present, there is a dispute in the past two decades: water …     

Biomarkers in fluid inclusions of polymetallic deposit of Qixiashan, Nanjing

Conclusions Organic fluid involved in Pb-Zn mineralization in the polymetallic deposit of Qixiashan probably derives from bacteria and algae, and is similar to that of the mature crude oil system. Part of lead and zinc in fluids can be transported by organic complexes, while their precipitation is caused by organic reduction. Biomarkers in ores can indicate the source of organic matter in fluids, but organic matter in inclusions must be studied to ascertain organic metallogenesis because of the EOM difference between ores and inclusions. The host strata of Upper Carboniferous (C2) and Lower Permian (PI) in Qixiashan deposit are both oil-bearing in the region. Identification of organic fluid and its biomarkers in the deposit provides significant information for further studies on the relationship between ore deposits and oil pools in the region.     

流体包裹体精细分析在塔中志留系油气成藏研究中的应用

利用均一温度、荧光光谱、红外光谱、三维荧光光谱(TSF)、色谱-质谱(GC-MS)等流体包裹体分析技术对塔中志留系油气藏的复杂油气成藏过程进行研究。结果表明:塔中志留系储层中发育3期不同类型的烃类包裹体;确定塔中志留系油气藏的3期成藏过程,即在泥盆纪沉积末期中下寒武统来源的原油第I期成藏,泥盆纪末构造抬升剥蚀遭受破坏形成残余沥青;二叠纪沉积末期中上奥陶统来源的原油第Ⅱ期成藏;喜山期中下寒武统来源的深部调整油气第Ⅲ期成藏;现今油气主要为第Ⅱ期和第Ⅲ期成藏的油气混合。     

The fluid inclusions in jadeitite from Pharkant area, Myanmar

A lot of liquid-gas and liquid-gas-solid inclusions were found in Pharkant jadeitites, northwestern Myanmar and their characteristics, geological setting and porphyroclastic jadeites with inclusions in them were described in detail. The results analyzed by Raman spectrometer showed that the component of liquid-gas phase and solid phase (daughter minerals) in fluid inclusions is H₂O + CH₄ and jadeite separately. The results indicated that Pharkant jadeitites were crystallized from H₂O + CH₄ bearing jadeitic melt which may originate from mantle. The P-T conditions in which the jadeitites were crystallized were speculated to be T ＞650℃, P ＞1.5 GPa.     

苯氧乙酸类化合物的制备及其浮选抑制性能

以苯酚、水杨酸、邻苯二酚、间苯二酚、对苯二酚、连苯三酚和没食子酸为原料,在碱性条件下分别与一氯乙酸反应制得了一类新型浮选药剂——苯氧乙酸类化合物,通过控制反应体系的pH值和使用本生阀密封装置,减少了酚羟基的氧化和一氯乙酸的水解反应,使反应有较高的产率和较好的选择性．浮选试验结果表明合成的化合物对方解石均有一定的抑制能力,特别是以连苯三酚和没食子酸为原料制得的化合物对方解石有很强的抑制能力,在捕收剂油酸钠的浓度为1×10     

一类新的集值非线性变分包含解的存在性及其算法

引入和研究了一类新的变分包含包含系统.借助预解算子技巧给出了该变分包含系统的迭代算法及收敛定理.所得结果改进和推广了最近文献的一些相应结果。     

一类具有Lipschitz条件的增生型变分包含解的存在性与逼近性问题

在自反Banach空间中,研究了一类具有Lipschitz条件的增生型变分包含解的存在性以及具有混合误差项的Ishikawa和Mann迭代程序的收敛性问题.所得结果改进和推广了CHANG S S,赵富坤,胥成林,DING X P和ZENG L C等人的一系列相关结果.     

带有反周期边值条件的分数阶Langevin微分包含解的存在性

研究如下带有反周期边值条件的分数阶Langevin微分包含：其中,Dα是α-阶Caputo分数阶导数,F：[0,1]×X→P(X)是一个多值映射,λ是一个实数.由多值映射的不动点定理,给出了其解的存在性的充分性条件.该文将单值情形推广到多值情形.     

Selective flotation separation of andalusite and quartz and its mechanism

The separation of andalusite and quartz was investigated in the sodium oleate flotation system, and its mechanism was studied by solution chemical calculation, zeta-potential tests, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS). The flotation tests results show that FeCl₃·6H₂O has a strong activation effect on andalusite and quartz and citric acid has a strong inhibitory effect on activated quartz, thus increasing the floatability difference between quartz and andalusite when the pulp pH is approximately 8. The FTIR, Zeta potential, and XPS analyses combined with the chemical calculation of flotation reagent solutions demonstrate that Fe forms hydroxide precipitates on the surface of andalusite and quartz and that oleate anions and metal ions adsorb onto the surface of the minerals. The elements Al and Fe can be chemically reacted. The anions in citric acid have different degrees of dissolution of Fe on the andalusite and quartz surfaces, thereby selectively eliminating the activation of the elemental Fe on andalusite and quartz and increasing the floatability of andalusite, leading to a better separation effect between andalusite and quartz.     

新疆白干湖钨锡矿流体包裹体特征及成因

白干湖钨锡矿床位于新疆祁漫塔格加里东褶皱带的转折部位,是东昆仑西段1个较好的钨锡(金)矿区,对白干湖矿区主成矿阶段形成的含黑钨矿石英脉中发育的包裹体进行岩相学及测温研究.研究结果表明:矿区主要发育3类包裹体:气液两相水溶液包裹体(I)、水溶液-CO2三相包裹体(Ⅱ)以及纯CO2两相包裹体(Ⅲ);Ⅰ型包裹体液相组分主要为NaCl水溶液,含少量KCl,其均一温度变化范围为160-310℃,盐度为1.82％～16.43％;Ⅱ型水溶液-CO2三相包裹体气相组分含有CO2及CH4等组分,均一温度为247～320℃,w(NaCl)为2.8％～9.4％;Ⅲ型CO2两相包裹体含量较少,均一温度为19.8～27.7℃;白干湖钨锡矿床成矿流体为中低盐度、中高温的NaCl-H2O-CO2体系.在成矿过程中,由于温度及压力降低,流体发生相分离成为较高盐度的水溶液流体和较低盐度的富CO2流体,钨锡成矿物质趋向于富集在中高盐度水溶液相中,并导致白干湖钨锡矿的成矿作用.     

Evidence from fluid inclusions for microbial methanogenesis in the early Archaean era

Methanogenic microbes may be one of the most primitive organisms, although it is uncertain when methanogens first appeared on Earth. During the Archaean era (before 2.5 Gyr ago), methanogens may have been important in regulating climate, because they could have provided sufficient amounts of the greenhouse gas methane to mitigate a severely frozen condition that could have resulted from lower solar luminosity during these times. Nevertheless, no direct geological evidence has hitherto been available in support of the existence of methanogens in the Archaean period, although circumstantial evidence is available in the form of approximately 2.8-Gyr-old carbon-isotope-depleted kerogen. Here we report crushing extraction and carbon isotope analysis of methane-bearing fluid inclusions in approximately 3.5-Gyr-old hydrothermal precipitates from Pilbara craton, Australia. Our results indicate that the extracted fluids contain microbial methane with carbon isotopic compositions of less than -56 per thousand included within original precipitates. This provides the oldest evidence of methanogen (> 3.46 Gyr ago), pre-dating previous geochemical evidence by about 700 million years.     

河南老湾金矿床流体包裹体及稀土元素地球化学研究

老湾金矿床产于中元古界龟山组,主要岩性为二云石英片岩和斜长角闪片岩。矿体受NWW向的韧脆性构造和NE向及NW向的次级构造控制,呈似层状、层状和脉状产出。矿床流体包裹体研究表明,成矿流体具有中-低温度、低盐度和低密度特征;流体包裹体液相成分中富含K+、Na+,二者比值显示成矿流体主要为岩浆水。矿床、围岩和老湾花岗岩的稀土元素研究认为,成矿物质主要来源于围岩和花岗岩。     

北秦岭柳树湾花岗伟晶岩型铀矿床流体包裹体和氢-氧-硫同位素研究

河南省柳树湾花岗伟晶岩型铀矿床位于北秦岭东段,含矿伟晶岩受灰池子岩体与秦岭岩群的接触带控制。通过对研究区的地质特征、流体包裹体以及氢-氧-硫同位素的研究,探讨柳树湾花岗伟晶岩型铀矿床的成矿物质、流体来源。伟晶岩型铀矿成矿流体温度为513.5℃～567.4℃,H同位素为-107.9‰～-89.6‰,O同位素为11‰～13.2‰,S同位素为3.5‰～5.8‰。研究结果表明：柳树湾花岗伟晶岩型铀矿床成矿流体主要为深部岩浆水,成矿物质主要来自深部岩浆。     

测度链上带有边值条件的二阶动力包含解的存在性

利用Sadovskii不动点定理和下半连续多值映射的连续选择定理,研究了测度链上带有边值条件的二阶动力包含解的存在性.结果弥补了现有文献中关于测度链上二阶动力包含结论较少的缺憾.