高噪声散斑条纹图像滤波技术的比较

在高噪声散斑条纹图中含有大量的噪声,这些噪声极大的影响了图像的质量.条纹图像处理之前一般的要进行图像预处理,通常选用滤波的方法来去除散斑噪声.笔者介绍了目前常用的滤波方法:均值滤波、中值滤波、频域低通滤波和同态滤波等,利用MATLAB编程实现了这些滤波方法,通过比较对散斑图的滤波效果,以及比较通过这些滤波方法滤波后的图像的方差,平滑指数等各项数字指标,总结了各方法的特点.     

基于双边滤波算法InSAR干涉图平滑处理的分析

双边滤波算法是数字图像处理领域中较优良的一种算法,研究该算法应用于InSAR干涉图噪声抑制,提出双边与中值滤波的联合滤波算法,采用真实数据分析滤波效果。文中先阐述了常用的滤波算法和双边滤波算法的原理,然后对含有噪声的合成孔径雷达干涉图像进行不同的滤波算法处理,并对滤波结果进行了统计分析,最后采用双边与中值滤波的联合滤波方法,对原干涉图进行处理。结果表明,先双边滤波,再中值滤波处理结果的残留点最少,且对干涉条纹边缘有较好的保护效果。     

基于异向梯度加权值干涉图滤波

根据窗口内周围各像素与中心像素之间的异向梯度及像素相干值构成中心像素迭代公式中的权函数,提出一种保持条纹细节的干涉条纹图滤波方法。以模拟数据和意大利Etna火山、土耳其地震的真实干涉图数据为例,将新方法与空间自适应滤波、Lee滤波和最优化方向融合方法进行比较。研究结果表明:新算法能够滤除大量噪声同时保持条纹边缘,模拟干涉图和2幅真实干涉图残余点去除率分别达到99.3%,90.3%和87.9%,更有利于后续的相位解缠。     

一种改进的InSAR干涉图复数空间自适应滤波

阐述合成孔径干涉雷达(InSAR)干涉条纹图的频率域和空间域滤波的算法及其优点与不足,着重分析复数空间自适应滤波的算法原理,提出2点改进:增加45°方向和135°方向的梯度计算及根据干涉图相干系数确定条纹边缘的尺度函数,从而进一步改善权系数.以模拟数据和我国香港及意大利Etna火山2地的真实干涉图数据为例,用本文方法与空间自适应滤波、Lee滤波、基于信噪比的Goldstein方法、最优化方向融合方法进行比较.实验结果表明:改进算法能够根据噪声强弱相应地控制滤波的强弱,既能更好地抑制相位噪声,又能较好地保持条纹边缘信息,模拟干涉图和香港干涉图残余点改善率分别提高18.6％和17.2％,表现出更强的局部自适应性.     

基于虚拟仪器的动车图像条纹噪声消除算法

为更好地采集动车车号部分的图像,针对图像中车号部分所包含信息变化微小的特点,采用了一种基于虚拟仪器技术开发平台LabVIEW的去除条纹噪声的方法.首先,在频域内将含有条纹噪声的图像与原始图像的频谱图二值化,并对二值化的频谱图像进行逻辑操作,同时结合多样本进行综合处理,最后运用巴特沃斯带阻滤波法滤除条纹噪声;然后,在空域内通过IMAQ Gray Morphology.VI和IMAQ BCGLookup.VI对处理后的图像进行增强处理,锐化因频域内滤波而边缘虚化的车号图像.进行动车图像条纹去噪处理实验,运用均方误差(MSE)和峰值信噪比(PSNR)对去噪效果进行评价,并与普通带阻滤波、矩匹配法等去噪方法进行对比.结果表明,本文方法消除噪声的效果更显著.     

一种新的InSAR干涉纹图的滤波方法

在干涉处理时做了多视处理,干涉相位图中噪声依然比较严重。噪声影响着干涉SAR的图像质量,使得相位解缠无法进行或者使生成的DEM精度降低。为了获得高质量的干涉SAR图像,必须对噪声进行有效抑制,同时应该保持干涉SAR图像的分辨率。文中探讨了干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)中干涉相位图的噪声抑制方法,提出了基于非线性偏微分方程的干涉纹图的滤波方法。该方法的优点是在消除噪声的同时,有效地保留干涉条纹的边缘信息。文中采用了加拿大RadarSat1数据,实验处理结果验证了方法的有效性。     

多边形滤波窗口在傅里叶变换中的应用

针对传统傅里叶变换求包裹相位过程中矩形滤波窗口易产生噪声干扰的问题,设计了多边形和圆形滤波窗口。简述了傅里叶变换的原理,通过MATLAB对试验所得物体变形条纹图分别用矩形、多边形和圆形滤波窗口进行了滤波,并讨论了滤波后图像的信噪比。结果表明,针对不同形状的频谱图,采用最适合频谱形状的多边形滤波窗口得到的包裹相位图,噪声最小,质量更高。     

一种无阈值的傅里叶窗口滤波算法

提出了一种无需设定阈值的傅里叶窗口滤波算法,该方法解决了加窗傅里叶变换法无法克服的阈值问题,得到单一最佳频率图像,并大大缩短了计算时间．该方法可用于各类条纹图像的低通滤波,为从条纹图中进一步提取变形相位奠定了良好的基础．笔者介绍了自动窗口傅里叶变换算法的原理,利用该算法对散斑图进行了处理,并与加窗傅里叶变换法的滤波结果进行了对比．实验结果证明了无需设定阈值的傅里叶窗口滤波算法具有良好的滤波效果．     

减小光栅传感器测量信号误差的研究

在光栅传感器测量系统中，为了提高测量信号的精度，需要对系统输出信号的误差进行研究。介绍了莫尔 条纹的产生和光栅传感器测量系统，对测量系统的误差进行了分析，提出了利用基于误差修正技术的光栅测量系 统减小光栅测量信号的系统误差的方法，以及利用滑动平均滤波与中值滤波结合的方法减小动态莫尔条纹信号中 的随机误差，总结了设计光栅传感器测量系统的关键技术。仿真结果表明#混合滤波方法可以有效地减小动态莫 尔条纹信号中的噪声干扰，且算法简单。     

云纹干涉条纹图像自动识别的研究

本文为得到正确的能被计算机自动识别的云纹干涉条纹,首先对图像作滤波、二值化、细化等处理。尽管滤波可以有效地消除图像中的噪声,但当图像中本身就存在很大的噪声,滤波也不能完全消除这些噪声的影响。因此在细化后的细化图像中局部可能会存在分叉以及两条或几条条纹在空域上连在一起。在本文中提出了对条纹跟踪进行控制的方法来达到条纹提取的目的。最后对跟踪到的曲线进行多项式拟合来消除噪声的影响。处理结果表明采取以上的对云纹干涉条纹图像进行处理的步骤所得到的图像可以很好的被计算机自动识别,并且图像中的数据更加有效、准确。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with