直接变频超宽带接收机中的低压折叠开关混频器

提出了一种新型的应用于直接变频超宽带接收机中的低压折叠开关混频器.给出了混频器电路拓扑结构,输入宽带匹配网络采用并联电阻的形式,跨导级采用电流复用技术的CMOS反相器,跨导级和开关级通过电容交流耦合,用LC谐振网络替代传统电流源.分析了改善混频器线性度、增益和噪声性能的方法.使用中芯国际0.13 μm CMOS工艺制造芯片,测试结果表明,在电源电压为1 V,功耗为5.1 mW时,得到了非常好的线性度,输入三阶互调截点(IIP3)为10.20 dB(mW量级),同时功率增益为-4.2 dB,单边带噪声系数为12.8 dB.     

一种低噪声高增益CMOS混频器设计

基于TSMC 0.18μm CMOS工艺,设计了一种低噪声、高增益的混频器.通过在吉尔伯特单元中的跨导级处引入噪声抵消技术以降低混频器的噪声,并且在开关管的源级增加电流注入电路以减小本振端的偏置电流,增大电路的增益.仿真结果表明,混频器工作电压为1.8 V,直流电流为9.9 mA,在本振(LO)频率为2.39 GHz,射频(RF)频率为2.4 GHz时,混频器的增益为12.65 dB,双边带噪声系数为4.23 dB,输入三阶交调点为-3.45 dBm.     

吉尔伯特型CMOS零中频混频器的设计

利用动态电流注入、共源节点谐振、改善2阶线性度性能技术,应用CMOS工艺,利用Candence设计了一款1.8 V电源电压折叠式Gilbert型有源零中频混频器.电路仿真结果显示,混频器在1 MHz,100 kHz,10 kHz处的单边带噪声系数为6.109,6.71,10.631 dB,频率转换的增益为11.389 dB,输入的3阶交调点为4.539 dBm.     

无片上电感的低功耗高线性度CMOS混频器

物联网设备的数量将在不久的将来得到快速增长。延长电池寿命、提高信号动态范围是物联网通信系统射频前端的主要关注点。为解决射频前端功耗和线性度的问题,提出了一种改进型的吉尔伯特混频器。相比于传统吉尔伯特混频器,该混频器在跨导级采用工作在亚阈值区的PMOS/NMOS互补结构,结合了电流复用技术和导数叠加技术,实现了功耗和线性度的折中;并采用交叉电容耦合形成负阻抗,抵消了寄生电容的影响,从而在低功耗情况下提高了线性度。基于HHNEC 0.18 μm BiCMOS 工艺后仿真结果表明,该混频器在射频频率0.4~3 GHz时转换增益为6.2~7.6 dB, 在2.4 GHz频率下输入三阶交调点(input third-order intercept point,IIP3)为14.96 dBm,在电源电压为1 V的情况下功耗为1.8 mW。该混频器核心电路尺寸为460 μm × 190 μm。与相关工作对比,该混频器具有低功耗、高线性度的特点。     

新型高线性度双平衡CMOS混频器芯片的设计

设计了一款用于无线通信射频系统的新型双平衡混频器芯片,该混频器的输出信号中不存在与射频输入信号相关的二次非理想项,具有高线性度.该混频器基于新型乘法器结构,在两个工作于线性区的对称金属氧化物半导体(MOS)晶体管的源、漏两极加入差分射频信号,在其栅极加入差分本振信号,从而以低复杂度方式实现射频信号与本振信号的双平衡混频或相乘;采用差分推挽放大器及源随器作为芯片的输出缓冲接口,改善了芯片与片外电路之间的隔离度,提高了功率增益和输出匹配性能.芯片采用0.18 μm射频(RF)互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)工艺流片,实现超宽频带范围内的信号混频或相乘,1 dB压缩点2.9 dBm,三阶交调16 dBm,总功耗25 mW,芯片性能良好,可以满足高性能、超宽带、高速无线通信系统的要求.     

2.4 GHz频段射频前端高线性度SiGe低噪声放大器设计

为满足高性能射频前端接收部分对高线性度的需求，基于SiGe BiCMOS工艺设计并实现了一款工作在2.4 GHz频段的高线性度低噪声放大器（Low Noise Amplifier，LNA）.该放大器采用Cascode结构在增益与噪声之间取得平衡，在Cascode结构输入和输出间并联反馈电容，实现输入端噪声与增益的同时匹配.设计了一种改进的动态偏置有源电流镜以提升输入 1 dB压缩点及输入三阶交调点的线性度指标.为满足应用需求，LNA与射频开关及电源模块集成组成低噪声射频前端接收芯片进行流片加工测试.测试结果表明：在工作频率2.4 ~2.5 GHz内，整个接收芯片增益为14.6 ~15.2 dB，S11、S22<-9.8 dB，NF<2.1 dB，2.45 GHz输入1 dB压缩点为-2.7 dBm，输入三阶交调点为+12 dBm.芯片面积为1.23 mm×0.91 mm.该测试结果与仿真结果表现出较好的一致性，所设计的LNA展现出了较好的线性度表现.     

一款工作于2.4 GHz频段的带有源负载的高性能双平衡有源混频器

对带有源负载的CMOS双平衡Gilbert有源混频器的1/f噪声、线性度与转换增益进行深入分析。这款采用PMOSFETs做负载的混频器工作于2.4 GHz频段。为降低混频器的1/f噪声, 利用双阱工艺中的寄生垂直NPN晶体管作为开关, 同时在PMOSFETs处并联最低噪声的分流电路作为负载。运用在PMOSFETs处的高性能运算放大器, 不仅为零中频输出提供了合适的直流偏置电压, 以避免下级电路的饱和, 并能够为混频器提供足够高的转换增益。同时, 在输入跨导(G_m)级电路中采用电容交叉耦合电路能够将转换增益进一步提高。为了增加混频器的线性度, 采用共栅放大器作为输入跨导级电路。这款混频器采用TSMC 0.18m 1-Poly 6-Metal RF CMOS工艺, 在1.5 V电源电压、3 mA的电流消耗下获得了17.78 dB的转换增益、13.24 dB的噪声因子和4.45 dBm输入三阶交调点的高性能。     

应用于P波段及L波段AESA的射频发射前端

基于TSMC 0.18μm RFCMOS工艺,设计了一款应用于P波段和L波段(405 M-2.2 GHz)的全集成射频发射前端芯片.系统由单转双巴伦、混频器、可变增益放大器和驱动放大器组成,系统架构基于改进的直接上变频方案.基带和本振端口的巴伦采用了一种能够同时实现噪声和非线性消除及宽带阻抗匹配的结构,混频器使用了正交双平衡基尔伯特结构,可变增益放大器基于跨导可变的共源共栅结构进行设计,驱动放大器采用了具有高线性度和宽带匹配特性的推挽结构.后仿真结果表明,在3.3 V电源电压下,该发射前端直流电流为76 m A,版图面积为2.4 mm×2.0 mm;具有可控电压增益10-30 dB;输出1 dB压缩点大于10.8 dBm;中频大于25 MHz时,噪声系数小于8 dB;基带和射频端口反射系数小于-20 dB,本振端口反射系数小于-15 dB.     

用于GNSS的高增益宽带低噪声放大器

基于UMC 0.18 μm CMOS 工艺,设计了一款用于全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)的宽带低噪声放大器(LNA). 其中,采用并联反馈电阻噪声抵消结构降低整体电路的噪声,使用电感峰化技术提升工作频带内的增益平坦度,进而优化高频噪声性能. 此外,采用共源共栅结构提高电路的反向隔离度. 仿真结果表明,在电源电压为1.8 V 的条件下,低噪声放大器的-3 dB 带宽为1 GHz,最大增益为15.08 dB,在1-2 GHz 内增益变化范围为±1 dB,噪声系数为2.65-2.82 dB,输入回波损耗和反向传输系数分别小于-13 dB 和-40 dB. 芯片核心面积为740 μm×445 μm.     

基于吉尔伯特型的CMOS射频混频器的设计

采用多晶电阻作为输出负载、开关对的源极注入电流、共源节点串联电感、驱动级的源简并阻抗方法,提出了一种新型的双通道正交混频器,并采用Candence完成了电路设计.仿真结果表明：在电源电压为1.8V,本振信号输入功率为3 dBm的时,混频器在1 MHz中频处的单边带噪声系数为7.47 dB,在100 kHz中频处为9.35 dB,在10 kHz中频处为16.39 dB;变频增益降为8.46 dB.提高了线性度,且其三阶交调点为8.42 dBm.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~