含氟吡咯、吡咯烷液晶分子的合成与性能研究

采用含氟砌块3-氟-4-吡咯烷苯酚,3-氟-4-（3,3,4,4-四氟）吡咯烷苯酚和3-氟-4-（3,4-二氟）吡咯苯酚合成了3个系列含氟氮杂环液晶新分子. 用差示扫描量热法（DSC）和偏光显微镜(POM)对其介晶性研究发现：相对末端为吡咯烷（n/m-4H）或3,3,4,4-四氟吡咯烷（n/m-4F）的分子,末端为3,4-二氟吡咯的分子（n/m-2F）更有利于液晶相的形成和稳定,它们具有宽的液晶相范围,而且都呈现为向列相. 当分子同时含双环己基液晶砌块和3,4-二氟吡咯端基时,就能获得宽的介晶相范围和高清亮点的向列相液晶. 通过选择不同的含氮杂环、引入含氟取代基团和调节液晶结构单元,有效地改善了这些液晶分子的物理和化学性质.     

苯乙炔封端超支化聚醚醚酮的合成及性能

采用亲核取代反应, 通过A₂+B₃方法制备含联苯结 构氟封端超支化聚醚醚酮(HPDEEK-F), 用4-苯乙炔苯酚与得到的氟封端聚合物反应, 制得苯乙炔封端的超支化聚醚醚酮(HPDEEK-PEP), 并研究了其结构和性能. 结果表明, 苯乙炔封端聚合物的玻璃化转变温度高于氟封端聚合物的玻璃化转变温度, 热稳定性好于氟封端聚合物, 两种聚合物在极性溶剂中都具有良好的溶解性.     

液晶性芳香醌化合物的合成

以1-溴代正烷烃、4-羟基-4′联苯基羧酸和氢醌为原料通过醚化、氧化和酯化反应,合成了一系列新的液晶性2,5-双[4′-(对烷氧基苯基)苯甲酰氧基]对苯二醌(化合物3).化合物3的结构通过元素分析、红外光谱和核磁共振波谱等方法确证,其液晶行为用示差扫描量热法(DSC)和偏光显微镜(POM)表征.发现化合物3加热至各自的熔点以上都能形成液晶态.在液晶态可以观察到近晶相和向列相的典型织构.随分子中末端烷氧基碳原子数增加,化合物3的熔点(Tm)和液晶态的清亮点(Ti)呈规律性变化,近晶相范围和近晶相-向列相转变温度渐增,而向列相范围递减.     

联苯类液晶单体及其聚合物的合成、结构与性能

合成了4种液晶单体M1~M4和对应的聚合物P1~P4.所合成的单体及聚合物的结构与液晶性能通过了FT-IR,DSC,TGA,POM和XRD的表征.研究表明,单体M1和M2呈现互变向列相,M3呈现向列相和近晶A(SA)相、近晶C(SC)相和近晶B(SB)相,M4呈现向列相和单变SA相、SC相和SB相;聚合物P1和P2呈现向列相,P3和P4呈现SA相和向列相.末端为乙氧基的单体和聚合物比末端为乙基的单体和聚合物具有较高的熔点(tm)、玻璃化温度(tg)和液晶清亮点(ti).此外,端基柔性较好的化合物倾向于形成近晶相.聚合物P1~P4具有宽的液晶相温度范围和高的热稳定性.     

2,5-双[4′-(正-烷氧基联苯基)-4-碳酰氧基]对苯二酚的合成

以4′-正-烷氧基联苯基-4-甲酸和2,5-二羟基苯醌为原料,通过酯化和还原反应合成了一系列新的液晶性2,5-双[4′-(正-烷氧基联苯基)-4-碳酰氧基]对苯二醌(化合物1)和2,5-双[4-′(正-烷氧基联苯基)-4-碳酰氧基]对苯二酚(化合物2).化合物2的结构通过元素分析、红外光谱和核磁共振波谱等方法确证,其液晶行为用示差扫描量热法(DSC)和偏光显微镜(POM)表征.发现化合物2加热至各自的熔点以上都能形成液晶态,在液晶态可以观察到近晶相和向列相的典型织构.随分子中末端烷氧基碳原子数增加,化合物2的熔点(Tm)和液晶态的清亮点(Ti)呈规律性变化,近晶相范围和近晶相-向列相转变温度渐增,而向列相范围递减.     

2,5-双[4′-(正-烷氧基联苯基)-4-碳酰氧基]对苯二本酚的合成

以4′-正-烷氧基联苯基-4-甲酸和2,5-二羟基苯醌为原料,通过酯化和还原反应合成了一系列新的液晶性2,5-双[4′-(正-烷氧基联苯基)-4-碳酰氧基]对苯二醌(化合物1)和2,5-双[4′-(正-烷氧基联苯基)-4-碳酰氧基]对苯二酚(化合物2).化合物2的结构通过元素分析、红外光谱和核磁共振波谱等方法确证,其液晶行为用示差扫描量热法(DSC)和偏光显微镜(POM)表征.发现化合物2加热至各自的熔点以上都能形成液晶态,在液晶态可以观察到近晶相和向列相的典型织构.随分子中末端烷氧基碳原子数增加,化合物2的熔点(Tm)和液晶态的清亮点(Ti)呈规律性变化,近晶相范围和近晶相-向列相转变温度渐增,而向列相范围递减.     

新的液晶性酚类化合物的合成

合成了一系列新的液晶性酚类化合物,通过元素分析,ＩＲ,＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ和ＭＳ等测试手段对其结构进行了表征,采用ＤＳＣ和偏光显微镜等方法研究了它们的液晶性和相变温度,发现所合成的化合物有三种具有热致液晶性,其中两咱能形成向列相或近晶相液晶,并发现了这三种化合物的熔点和清亮点均随分子中末端烷氧基碳原子数的增加而降低。     

2，3，5，6-四氟对二甲苯侧链新型溴化物的合成

研究合成了3个2，3，5，6-四氟甲苯的侧链新型溴化物，并对它们的结构进行了质谱，^1HNMR，^19FNMR，元素分析等表征．这些化合物是合成四氟苯化合物、四氟苯聚合物、氟化对二亚甲基苯类二聚物的重要中间体．     

光致变色液晶高分子研究（Ⅱ）──含酰氧基间隔基和苯甲酸苯酯介晶基元侧链聚硅氧烷及其单体的液晶行为

本文讨论了既氧间隔基对聚硅氧烷液晶行为的影响，它比对应的含烷氧间隔基聚合物多了向列相，并给出了十一烯－［１０］酰氧苯甲酸－４－个甲氧基苯酯及合同一个晶基元侧链聚硅氧烷的变温ｘ－射线衍射曲线、热谱图和焓、熵热力学数据．单体呈现向列相纹影织构，均聚物显示向列相微滴状和Ｓｃ相破碎扇形织构，聚合后相态数增加．     

4′-正-烷氧基联苯-4-甲酸的合成与表征

以对-苯基苯酚为原料，通过醚化，酰化和氧化反应，合成了一系列4′-正-烷氧基联苯-4-甲酸，化合物的结构通过元素分析，红外光谱，核磁共振波谱等方法确证，化合物3的液晶行为用示差扫描量热法（DSC），偏光显微镜（POM）表征，发现化合物3加热至各自的熔点以上都能形成液晶态，在液晶态可以观察到近晶相和向列相的典型织构。随分子中末端烷氧基碳原子数增加，化合物3的熔点（Tm）和液晶态的清亮点（Ti）呈规律性变化，近晶相范围和近晶相-向列相转变温度渐增，而向列相温度范围递减，至十二烷基时，仅呈现近晶性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with