纳米氧化亚铜的溶剂热合成和对亚甲基蓝的催化降解

以Cu(NO3)2·5H2O为铜源,乙醇为溶剂和还原剂,蒸馏水为助溶剂,用溶剂热法可控合成了纳米级铜和氧化亚铜.利用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对合成产物进行了表征,发现纳米氧化亚铜能高效降解亚甲基蓝.     

新显色剂PAPC与Cu(Ⅱ)-CTMAB的分光光度研究

研究了新显色剂 4 (2 吡啶偶氮 ) 邻苯二酚 (PAPC)在CTMAB存在下与Cu(Ⅱ )的显色反应 .在 pH =10 .5缓冲溶液中 ,该试剂与Cu(Ⅱ )反应生成稳定的红色配合物 ,其最大吸收波长为50 5nm ,表观摩尔吸光系数为 5.33× 10 4 L·mol- 1·cm- 1,铜含量在 0～ 1μg/mL范围内服从比耳定律 ,该方法应用于茶叶中铜的测定 ,结果令人满意     

不同形貌纳米结构的氧化亚铜薄膜的制备及光电性能研究

采用铜阳极氧化法生成了各种形貌的氧化亚铜薄膜材料.通过X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、开路电压(open circuit)等测试方法对样品的结构及光电化学性能进行了表征.结果表明：反应时的面电流密度及表面活性剂对氧化亚铜形貌有比较大的影响.当CTAB为表面活性剂时,随面电流密度增大,氧化亚铜的形貌从网状、片状到棒状转化.当阳极液中表面活性剂为CTAB、PVP、PEG时,可以分别得到纳米带状、枝桠状及纳米线状的氧化亚铜,并且纳米线状的氧化亚铜具有最好的光电性能.     

在酸性乙腈一氯化铜体系中从辉铜矿制备纳米氧化亚铜

研究了在酸性乙腈——氯化铜体系从辉铜矿制备纳米氧化亚铜。通过X-射线衍射仪和JSM-5600LV扫描电镜对产物进行了表征。与传统制备纳米氧化亚铜方法相比,该法改变了先经历氧化后再还原（Ca^＋→Cu^2＋→Cu^o或Cu^＋）的过程,而直接从Cu^＋到Cu^o或Cu^＋。在酸性乙腈——氯化铜体系中,Cu（I）能稳定存在。实验结果表明：在温度、乙腈体积分数和盐酸体积分数适宜的条件下,Cu（I）可从辉铜矿中浸出并可制备纳米氧化亚铜。     

超声场下不同形貌银胶体的制备与表征

为了研究制备工艺条件对不同形貌银胶体稳定性的影响,在超声场作用下,以AgNO3为前驱物,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为保护剂,KBH4和N2H4·H2O分别为还原剂,制备了稳定的银胶体,并利用透射电镜和分光光度技术对制备的银胶体进行了表征．结果表明,超声场分布、超声作用时间、超声功率和还原剂种类等对银纳米粒子形貌影响较大．未经超声处理的银胶粒为较大的类球形和六边形,随着超声作用时间和超声功率的增加,颗粒变小．驻波场下制备的银颗粒具有一定的生长取向,有利于类球形和六边形银纳米颗粒的形成,而在扩散场中得到单分散的球形银纳米颗粒．经超声场处理的银胶体稳定性增强,主要以单分散的球形纳米颗粒存在,平均粒径约为20 nm,放置数周后未出现聚沉物．改变还原剂的种类,可制备出球形、类球形和六角形银纳米颗粒．     

氧化亚铜／壳聚糖纳米复合材料的制备及复合机制研究

采用沉淀析出法,通过加入去溶剂化试剂硫酸钠来制备壳聚糖纳米粒子．通过电化学沉积法制备了氧化亚铜／壳聚糖纳米复合材料．随着反应条件的改变,氧化亚铜能够在壳聚糖纳米颗粒上形成针状或球形氧化亚铜等不同形貌．这种复合材料通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）等表征方法得以证实．并借助傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）技术对氧化亚铜与壳聚糖纳米颗粒之间-NH2和-OH的化学结合作用进行了探讨．     

等离子体放电电解制备纳米氧化亚铜

采用非接触阴极等离子体放电电解法在硫酸铜水溶液中制备纳米氧化亚铜,分析不同浓度、放电电压和电解时间等因素对产物形貌及其组成的影响.结果表明:增加硫酸铜浓度有利于产物中氧化亚铜的形成;延长电解时间会使颗粒发生聚合,尺寸由100nm增大至400nm;电解电压升高,颗粒尺寸从200nm减小到40nm.发射光谱分析表明发光区域存在大量激发态铜原子和羟基自由基,构成了Cu₂O的形成机理.理论计算表明,等离子体电子激发温度为 9563K,电场强度为2.4×10⁵V/m,弧柱射流速度为73m/s.     

Cu纳米粒子的光化学制备及其可逆生长-溶解现象简

采用光化学方法在五水硫酸铜（CuSO4·5 H2 O）的乙二醇溶液中制备了Cu纳米粒子,通过反应过程中的紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis）探讨了反应历程。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和能谱仪分析了产物的形貌、物相、晶体结构和化学组成,并研究了光化学法制备Cu纳米粒子的反应参数。研究结果证明了反应仅在隔绝空气,紫外光引发的条件下才能发生,发现了生成的Cu纳米粒子敞口静置时会被溶解在胶体中的氧气逐渐氧化,再次在隔绝空气的条件下用紫外光照射后,又会重新生成Cu纳米粒子的现象,并讨论了出现这一现象的原因。而加入三乙醇胺后,同样在隔绝空气,紫外复色光照射的情况下,Cu纳米粒子会优先生长在表面上,采用这种方法,在氧化铟锡（ITO）导电玻璃上制备得到了Cu纳米粒子。     

铜纳米颗粒吸收光谱特性研究

采用蒸汽冷凝法制备了10～100nm的铜纳米颗粒,然后将纳米铜分散在水溶液中,通过重力沉降法得到一系列不同尺度的铜纳米颗粒溶液．用光栅光谱仪检测其透射光谱,并进行分析处理．结果表明,不同尺寸的纳米铜颗粒均有2个吸收峰,峰值波长分别在450nm和610nm左右,并且随着铜纳米颗粒尺度的减小,吸收峰向短波长移动．纳米铜颗粒的光吸收谱中出现的双峰结构,我们认为来自于其特有的表面等离激元吸收峰．     

Cu纳米粒子的光化学制备及其可逆生长-溶解现象

采用光化学方法在五水硫酸铜(CuSO4·5H2O)的乙二醇溶液中制备了Cu纳米粒子,通过反应过程中的紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)探讨了反应历程。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和能谱仪分析了产物的形貌、物相、晶体结构和化学组成,并研究了光化学法制备Cu纳米粒子的反应参数。研究结果证明了反应仅在隔绝空气,紫外光引发的条件下才能发生,发现了生成的Cu纳米粒子敞口静置时会被溶解在胶体中的氧气逐渐氧化,再次在隔绝空气的条件下用紫外光照射后,又会重新生成Cu纳米粒子的现象,并讨论了出现这一现象的原因。而加入三乙醇胺后,同样在隔绝空气,紫外复色光照射的情况下,Cu纳米粒子会优先生长在表面上,采用这种方法,在氧化铟锡(ITO)导电玻璃上制备得到了Cu纳米粒子。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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