自乳化含氟碳链水性丙烯酸酯共聚物的制备及性能表征

以含羟基或羧基或含氟烷基丙烯酸酯类单体与反应型乳化剂发生乳液自由基共聚,制备含羟基和羧基且可自乳化的水性含氟烷基侧链丙烯酸酯共聚物(WFP).经红外光谱、热重分析、差示扫描量热分析、凝胶色谱、粒径和黏度及扫描电镜的测试分析,表征了其结构与性能。结果表明,WFP有很好的热稳定性,其玻璃化转变温度为58℃,在氮气氛中热失重5%时对应的温度为151℃,最大热降解速率温度在403℃.WFP分子内存在因含氟长碳侧链段与聚丙烯酸酯,或与羟基、羧基、酯基等不相容形成微相分离平衡的结构效应,在涂布和水分挥发过程中含氟碳链段向气-液表面运动而聚集,显示出WFP可保护被涂覆的基材.     

多官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂的合成及性能研究

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚丙二醇(PPG)、丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)、三羟基丙烷二丙烯酸酯(TMPDA)及季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)为主要原料合成了一系列的多官能度的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA)预聚物。通过傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)分析证实了PUA的结构。研究了固化膜的凝胶含量、力学性能,并通过动态力学热分析(DMA)进行了表征。结果表明:与单官能度丙烯酸酯封端的聚氨酯光固化膜相比,多官能度丙烯酸酯的引入有助于固化膜交联程度的提高,当紫外光照射35 s时,三官能度的丙烯酸酯封端的聚氨酯凝胶含量提高了3.6%,拉伸强度提高了264%。     

含羧基丙烯酸酯树脂的研究

丙烯酸酯树脂具有透明光亮、优良的耐候性以及高装饰性等特点,在塑料、涂料、感光材料和粘合剂等领域得到广泛的应用。含羧基丙烯酸酯树脂,通常在丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸参与下,经与其它单体共聚而得。它能与环氧树脂发生交联反应,从而得到具有优良耐化学稳定性等特点的体型结构聚合物。作     

丙烯酸酯四元共聚乳液制备及其性质的研究

本文研究了丙烯酸酯四元共聚乳液的制备和乳液的流变性,电解质稳定性以及膜的力学性质,并用透射电镜检测了乳胶粒子的大小和形态。发现随着体系中S_t含量的增加,共聚乳液表观粘度、电解质稳定性和张力呈增大趋势。     

聚丙烯酸酯/聚硅氧烷的分子设计与阻尼性能研究

以含乙烯基大分子硅单体与丙烯酸酯共聚,成功地制得了具有接枝结构的丙烯酸酯共聚乳液.该接枝共聚物的阻尼温域可跨越100 ℃,力学损耗因子(tan δ)最高可达到2.0.系统研究了大分子硅单体的用量、引发剂用量、乳化剂用量和丙烯酸酯单体的种类对共聚反应动力学的影响,并用动态力学谱表征了一系列共聚物的玻璃化转变.结果表明:甲基丙烯酸甲酯的引入对聚合转化率及稳定性有很大的影响;大分子硅单体的加入大大改善了丙烯酸酯共聚物的低温阻尼性能,而引发剂用量对共聚物的阻尼性能影响较小.     

含两极化合物的交联聚合物的合成与性能

设计了一类两极化合物,既含有电子传输单元,又含有空穴传输单元,采用一般的N-烷基化反应或Ullmann反应.将改性的8-羟基喹啉用作穴传输单元的化合物加入到反应体系中,在催化剂的存在下反应获得一类含有吩噻嗪单元的8-羟基喹啉衍生物.将此配体与含可聚合单元的8-羟基喹啉配体与金属离子共同配位,获得一类两极化合物,即含有空穴传输单元的8-羟基喹啉金属配合物.将该两极化合物通过紫外光固化或热固化共聚交联实现高分子化,得到一类含有新型的发光材料.并利用元素分析、FT-IR、UV、PL光谱等方法对其结构和性能作了表征.循环伏安法被用来研究其氧化还原性质和估算电化学能级.     

含硅磺化聚苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯质子交换膜的合成与表征

利用乳液聚合技术设计并制备了含硅磺化聚苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯纳米乳胶粒子,并用红外光谱和粒度分布仪分别对其结构和粒径进行了表征.同时用含硅磺化聚苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯纳米乳胶制备了质子交换膜,考察了质子交换膜的热稳定性、离子交换容量、吸水率及质子传导率等各种性能.结果表明,这种膜具有优异的热稳定性(5％热失重温度为288℃)和较好...     

含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物乳液的结构与性能

采用可反应乳化剂,合成稳定的甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸丁酯的共聚物乳液.红外光谱和核磁共振表征成膜后的共聚物组成和结构,结果显示随着混合单体中含氟丙烯酸酯质量分数的提高,共聚产物中氟含量也提高.X射线光电子能谱表征结果表明,在一定范围内,乳胶膜表面含氟量随含氟丙烯酸酯单体量的增加而增加,当甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯在单体中的质量分数超过20%,其量的继续增加不能引起乳胶膜表面氟含量的明显增大.乳胶膜表面水接触角的测定结果也具有同样的变化规律.含氟侧链在乳胶膜表面的富集,使得含少量氟丙烯酸酯共聚物就可提供织物良好的抗水抗油性能.     

光固化含磷和硅阻燃环氧丙烯酸酯涂层的制备

为了提高UV固化环氧丙烯酸酯(EA)涂层的阻燃性能和保持其良好的力学及光学性能,将HEA分别与KH-570及P2O5反应合成新型含Si/P功能单体,并把其掺杂于环氧丙烯酸酯(EA)中,制备了UV固化新型含P、Si协效阻燃EA透明涂层.利用FT-IR、UV-Vis、TG及涂层力学测试仪等研究了涂层的阻燃、光学及力学性能.结果表明:UV固化涂层具有较高的C=C双键转化率;含Si、P功能单体的加入不会影响涂膜的固化率、透光性及抗冲击强度,反而使得涂膜附着力提高;含Si功能单体的加入能有效的改善涂层的阻燃性能及热稳定性,当加入量为15%时吸水率最低;含P功能单体的加入能增强涂膜的硬度并改善其阻燃性.当体系中同时存在P、Si元素时,阻燃作用显著.     

用于紫外光固化涂料的羧基化环氧丙烯酸酯水分散性研究

根据亲水亲油平衡值(HLB)设计了以马来酸酐改性环氧丙烯酸酯的方案,合成了具有良好水分散性的羧基化环氧丙烯酸酯树脂．用电导率法表征了羧基化环氧丙烯酸酯的水分散性,研究了羧基化程度、中和程度对树脂水分散性的影响;配制了水性紫外光固化涂料,所得涂膜性能良好．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that