一个新的脂水两性的胆甾半乳糖苷的设计与合成

设计并合成了一个新的脂水两性胆甾半乳糖苷偶联物T，该化合物可用作脂质体配体，提高阳离子脂质体的肝靶向性.目标化合物T的合成方法如下：以胆甾烯对甲苯磺酸酯1为起始原料，与己二醇作用后得醇2，2经甲烷磺酰化、碘代制得碘代物4，4随后与2,3,4,6-四-O-乙酰基-1-巯基-β-D吡喃半乳糖[ST5HZ]5成硫醚得到糖苷6，[STBZ]再经甲醇钠处理，脱去乙酰基制得目标物T，合成的目标化合物及中间体均经1HNMR、IR和MS确证结构.     

肝靶向药物中间体胆固醇胺的合成

为制备用于基因治疗的肝靶向药物中间体胆固醇胺,以胆甾醇为起始原料,经过磺酰化,叠氮取代,氢化还原共计3步反应得到目标化合物1a-f,以用于与胰岛素偶联,从而得到具有肝靶向治疗作用的脂质体的配体.     

胆固醇-聚乙二醇-胰岛素偶联物的合成

选择了胰岛素受体为作用靶点,设计并合成了用于新型肝靶向药物传递系统的脂质体配体,以赋予脂质体的双重靶向性.以聚乙二醇2000（2）和胆固醇衍生物（3）为起始原料,经过Williamson成醚反应、酰化反应,最后与胰岛素缩合得目标化合物（1）.所得目标物（1）分子量经MALDI-TOF确证.     

基于4-(1-1,2,4-三唑基)苯甲酸的钙、镁配合物

以4-(1-1,2,4-三唑基)苯甲酸（Htabc）为配体,通过水热法和溶剂挥发法合成了2种碱土金属配合物\[Mg(tabc)_2(H_2O)_4\] (〖STHZ〗1)、\[Ca(tabc)(H_2O)_4\](tabc) (〖STHZ〗2)，并对其进行了系列性质表征. 单晶结构表明，配合物〖STHZ〗1和〖STHZ〗2分别是零维和一维配位结构，配位水分子与羧基氧形成大量氢键，分别将〖STHZ〗1和〖STHZ〗2拓展成了三维和二维超分子结构. 配合物〖STHZ〗2结构中含有1个游离的tabc-，将二维层连成三维超分子结构. 配合物〖STHZ〗1和〖STHZ〗2的固体荧光光谱表明，此2种配合物的最大发射峰对应的波长相对配体都发生了蓝移. 配合物〖STHZ〗2的热重数据显示了特殊的客体稳定化作用. 配合物〖STHZ〗1和2的CCDC号分别为1460791和1460792.     

邻硝基苯胺还原关环一步法合成苯并咪唑类化合物

邻硝基苯胺( 1〖STBZ〗, 4〖STBZ〗)与芳香醛( 2〖STBZ〗〖WTHZ 〗a 〖WTHZ〗c )在连二亚硫酸钠存在下共热,发生还原关环反应, 一步即可合成苯并咪唑类化合物( 3〖STBZ〗〖WTHZ〗a 〖WTHZ〗c〖WTBZ 〗, 5〖STBZ〗〖WTHZ〗a 〖WTHZ〗c ).当起始物中含有不止一 个 硝基时,连二亚硫酸钠对硝基的还原有选择性.反应以乙醇 水为溶剂,水可加速反应进程.     

一种组氨酸修饰的芘类Hg2+荧光探针

〖JP2〗以组氨酸和芘甲酸为原料，设计合成了一种荧光化合物芘甲酰组氨酸甲酯，通过核磁、质谱表征其结构. 荧光测试结果表明，在水溶液中该化合物能够对Hg2+表现出荧光猝灭响应，而相同条件下其他金属离子对该化合物几乎没有类似的荧光识别现象，因此该荧光化合物对Hg2+具有专一荧光识别作用，是一种有效的Hg2+荧光探针.〖JP〗     

矩阵与非负矩阵Hadamard积最小特征值的界

给出〖WTHX〗M〖WTBZ〗矩阵〖WTHX〗A〖WTBZ〗的逆矩阵〖WTHX〗A〖WTBZ〗-1与〖WTHX〗M〖WTBZ〗矩阵〖WTHX〗B〖WTBZ〗的Hadamard积〖WTHX〗A〖WTBZ〗〖WTHX〗B〖WTBZ〗-1的最小特征值q(〖WTHX〗A〖WTBZ〗〖WTHX〗B〖WTBZ〗-1)下界的新估计式；理论证明说明估计式提高了Horn在1991年给出的结果，数值算例说明估计式提高了一些现有的结果.     

伊朗伊斯法罕地区的步甲科（鞘翅目）记述

步行虫（鞘翅目：步甲科）作为强劲的捕食者,对农业害虫和森林害虫的生态学控制起着举足轻重的作用.本文研究了伊朗中部伊斯法罕地区的有益步行虫,共收集确定了42个种与亚种,来自7个亚科Broscinae、Carabinae、Cicindelinae、Harpalinae、Nebriinae和Pterostichinae.这其中有6种是伊朗区系的新记录种,分别是〖WTBX〗Cephalota 〖WTBZ〗(〖WTBX〗Taenidia〖WTBZ〗) 〖WTBX〗circumdata cappadocica 〖WTBZ〗Franzen,〖WTBX〗Lophyridia concolor concolor 〖WTBZ〗Dejean,〖WTBX〗Lophyridia littoralis mandli 〖WTBZ〗Mandl,〖WTBX〗Ophonus 〖WTBZ〗(s.str.) 〖WTBX〗cribricollis 〖WTBZ〗(Dejean),〖WTBX〗Pachycarus 〖WTBZ〗(〖WTBX〗Paramystropterus〖WTBZ〗)〖WTBX〗 bravipennis 〖WTBZ〗Chaudoir和 〖WTBX〗Cymindis 〖WTBZ〗(s.str.) 〖WTBX〗scapularis 〖WTBZ〗Schaum.     

24-亚甲基胆甾-4-烯-3β,6β-二醇的合成

从豆甾醇出发,先合成了胆甾-5-烯-24-酮-3β-乙酸酯(2);再用过甲酸将2的5,6位双键氧化为环氧化物,后者在碱性条件下立体专一地开环得胆甾-3β,5α,6β-三羟基-24-酮(3),用醋酐将化合物3的C3-βOH和C6-βOH乙酰化保护后用亚硫酰氯脱水得胆甾-4-烯-24-酮基-3β,6β-二乙酸酯(4),4在碱性条件下脱去乙酰基得胆甾-4-烯-3β,6β-二羟基-24-酮(5);化合物5通过Wittig反应将C-24羰基亚甲基化得到目标化合物24-亚甲基胆甾-4-烯-3β,6β-二醇1,总产率为26%.合成化合物1的光谱数据与分离得到的天然物完全一致.     

磷酸壳寡糖修饰阿霉素脂质体的制备及体内外评价

本研究首次合成了磷酸壳寡糖-胆固醇接枝物(PCS-Chol),并对其结构、取代度和特性黏度等进行了考察.制备了由该接枝物所修饰的磷酸壳寡糖-阿霉素脂质体(PCS-DOX-L),考察了该脂质体的粒径、包封率、形态以及体外释放.采用MTT法评价了该制剂对MG63细胞的毒性,并进一步研究了其在荷瘤裸鼠体内的组织分布情况.结果表明,该脂质体的粒径为209. 5±0. 5 nm,包封率为(85. 4±2. 2)%;体外释放具有一定的pH响应性和缓释特性.MTT实验表明该脂质体对MG63细胞的毒性具有时间和浓度双依赖性.荷瘤裸鼠的体内分布实验表明,PCS-L具有一定的骨肉瘤靶向性.本研究初步证明了PCS在体内具有良好的骨靶向性,所修饰形成的PCS-L可用于骨肉瘤的靶向治疗.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~