A designed amphiphilic peptide containing the silk fibroin motif as a potential carrier of hydrophobic drugs

The amphiphilic peptide is becoming attractive as a potential drug carrier to improve the dissolvability of hydrophobic drugs in an aqueous system; thus, facilitating drug uptake by target cells. Here, we report a novel designed amphiphilic peptide, Ac-RADAGAGARADAGAGA-NH₂, which was able to stabilize pyrene, a hydrophobic model drug we chose to study in aqueous solution. This designed peptide formed a colloidal suspension by encapsulating pyrene inside the peptide-pyrene complex. Egg phosphatidylcholine (EPC) vesicles were used to mimic cell bilayer membranes. We found that pyrene was released from the peptide coating into the EPC vesicles by mixing the colloidal suspension with EPC vesicles, which was followed by steady fluorescence spectra as a function of time. A calibration curve for the amount of pyrene released into the EPC vesicles at a given time was used to determine the final concentration of pyrene released into the lipid vesicles from the peptide-pyrene complex. The release rate of the peptide-pyrene complex was calculated to quantify the transfer of pyrene into EPC vesicles.     

研究偏序集Sperner性质的一个新方法

设 P是一个有限偏序集 ,Γ是一个群 ,保序地作用于 P上 .Kleitman、Edelberg和 Lubell证明 :P中存在一个 Sperner反链 ,它在Γ的作用下不变 ,换言之 ,它是Γ的某些轨道的并 .给出一个可用于研究偏序集的 NM( normalized matching)性质类似的定理 .     

模式匹配的一种新方法

为找出模式匹配中数据源模式和一个全局模式之间的模式对应关系、实例转换和语义映射等 ,采用框架方法来描述待匹配的两种模式 .应用多Agent系统中的Matchmaking方法 ,对框架中的不同槽的内容采用不同的匹配处理 ,是比较新颖的模式匹配方法 .     

Minisatellite repeat coding as a digital approach to DNA typing

Most DNA typing systems used in forensic and legal medicine assay allelic length variation at tandem repetitive DNA regions such as minisatellites. A simple alternative approach that displays patterns of variant repeat units along minisatellite alleles is described here. This produces DNA profiles as extraordinarily variable digital sequences appropriate for forensic investigations, including computer databasing, and for analysing allele diversity and the role of recombination in minisatellite instability.     

测量放大器电路新探索

介绍三运放测量放大器电路的主要技术特性 ,对其频率稳定性问题进行讨论 ,并给出简单的补偿电路     

新的螺旋桨尾涡近似方法

基于解析尾涡模式,提出了一种新的尾涡近似方法．尾涡分为近区和远区．在近区,尾涡在选定扇形截面上解析地求出,在其他处通过非线性插值求得;利用了解析尾涡的特点同时减少了计算量．根据流体连续性方程确定尾涡的收缩半径,避免了梢涡半径的不收敛性,为重负荷螺旋桨设计和非设计工况下螺旋桨性能计算提供了一种有效的尾涡近似计算方法．     

控制Lorenz系统的新方法

讨论Lorenz混沌系统的控制问题.首先将Lorenz系统用模糊T-S模型来表示,然后引入脉冲控制律,利用脉冲微分系统理论进行分析,得到了Lorenz系统的脉冲控制准则.根据该准则所设计的脉冲控制器,可以驱动受控Lorenz系统的轨线以指数衰减率收敛于平衡点.     

A new approach to query expansion in information retrieval

To eliminate the mismatch between words of relevant documents and user's query and more serious negative effects it has on the performance of information retrieval,a method of query expansion on the basis of new terms co-occurrence representation was put forward by analyzing the process of producing query. The expansion terms were selected according to their correlation to the whole query. At the same time, the position information between terms were considered. The experimental result on test retrieval conference (TREC) data collection shows that the method proposed in the paper has made an improvement of 5%～19% all the time than the language modeling method without expansion. Compared to the popular approach of query expansion, pseudo feedback, the precision of the proposed method is competitive.     

A new approach to VC routing in ATM networks

A new ant-algorithm-based routing approach is proposed for the VC routing problem with considering the comprehensive effect between the resource utilization and the load balance in ATM networks. In the approach, the backup paths are calculated first, and then an ant algorithm based on the ability of ants to find the shortest path between their nest and the food source during their searching food, is constructed to optimize the VC global route. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can realize VC routing effectively according to the current traffic states in the networks and the user-specified delay requirements. Foundation item: Supported by Shanghai Post & Telecom Administration-SJTU Information and Telecom Joint Lab Project (1999-GR1-3) Biography: Li Sheng-hong (1971-), male, Postdoctor, research direction: intelligent technology application in broadband networks and statistical signal processing.     

一种超宽带脉冲的设计新方法

以最大限度地接近FCC（联邦通信委员会）辐射掩蔽要求为目标,以具有不同波形形成因子、不同阶次的高斯脉冲导函数为基函数、利用遗传算法来优化权重系数向量,提出基于遗传算法优化权向量的高斯导函数线性组合的超宽带（ultra-wideband,UWB）脉冲设计。以FCC对UWB系统室内辐射功率的限制进行实验,结果表明,与二阶高斯微分脉冲、随机组合脉冲相比,基于遗传算法的组合脉冲能够较好地满足FCC制定的室内辐射掩蔽标准,同时减小了误码率。     

桃核直接作为生物吸附材料对水中亚甲基蓝的吸附研究

采用桃核作为生物吸附剂,对模拟废水中的亚甲基蓝进行吸附研究。考察了吸附剂粒径、吸附时间、吸附剂投加量、p H、染料初始浓度、温度等因素对亚甲基蓝的吸附影响;并通过吸附等温线、吸附动力学和热力学研究来探讨吸附机理。结果表明,当亚甲基蓝初始质量浓度为100 mg/L、溶液初始p H6、粒径为60目的桃核用量为7 g/L、于60℃的恒温振荡器中振荡吸附反应10 h后,吸附率可达98.78%。桃核对水溶液中亚甲基蓝的吸附是一个自发的吸附过程,其吸附行为均符合二级反应速率方程和Langmuir、Freundlich吸附等温式。经计算得出桃核对亚甲基蓝的饱和吸附量为22.08 mg/g。桃核是一种很有前景的染料废水处理生物材料。     

A new approach to protein fold recognition.

The prediction of protein tertiary structure from sequence using molecular energy calculations has not yet been successful; an alternative strategy of recognizing known motifs or folds in sequences looks more promising. We present here a new approach to fold recognition, whereby sequences are fitted directly onto the backbone coordinates of known protein structures. Our method for protein fold recognition involves automatic modelling of protein structures using a given sequence, and is based on the frameworks of known protein folds. The plausibility of each model, and hence the degree of compatibility between the sequence and the proposed structure, is evaluated by means of a set of empirical potentials derived from proteins of known structure. The novel aspect of our approach is that the matching of sequences to backbone coordinates is performed in full three-dimensional space, incorporating specific pair interactions explicitly.     

利用产业制作的3D数字对象来构建学习环境：一种实现严肃游戏的新方法

提出这样的设想：利用各种产业的3D数字化对象（如医药业的器官模型、化工业的化合物模型、建筑业的房屋和环境模型、汽车业的汽车模型、影视业的人物和场景模型,等等）,来实现教育学建构主义所主张的“严肃游戏”（serious game）学习环境.论证了该设想的教育基础和技术上的可行性;给出若干实例;并分析了所涉及的三个关键问题：设计、市场、标准化.     

新型复合吸附干燥剂的吸附动力学特性研究

研制的一种由粗孔球形硅胶和氯化钙组成的新型复合吸附干燥剂SiO2.xH2O.yCaC l2与常用的干燥剂相比具有更好的吸水除湿性能.采用理论分析与实验验证的方法分析了新型复合吸附剂的吸附动力学特性及其影响因素,并建立了传质数学模型.研究结果表明,外扩散过程是传质的主要阻力,增大风速、减小吸附剂颗粒直径是减少传质阻力的有效措施.     

'Big Bang' tomography as a new route to atomic-resolution electron tomography

Until now it has not been possible to image at atomic resolution using classical electron tomographic methods, except when the target is a perfectly crystalline nano-object imaged along a few zone axes. The main reasons are that mechanical tilting in an electron microscope with sub-?ngstr?m precision over a very large angular range is difficult, that many real-life objects such as dielectric layers in microelectronic devices impose geometrical constraints and that many radiation-sensitive objects such as proteins limit the total electron dose. Hence, there is a need for a new tomographic scheme that is able to deduce three-dimensional information from only one or a few projections. Here we present an electron tomographic method that can be used to determine, from only one viewing direction and with sub-?ngstr?m precision, both the position of individual atoms in the plane of observation and their vertical position. The concept is based on the fact that an experimentally reconstructed exit wave consists of the superposition of the spherical waves that have been scattered by the individual atoms of the object. Furthermore, the phase of a Fourier component of a spherical wave increases with the distance of propagation at a known 'phase speed'. If we assume that an atom is a point-like object, the relationship between the phase and the phase speed of each Fourier component is linear, and the distance between the atom and the plane of observation can therefore be determined by linear fitting. This picture has similarities with Big Bang cosmology, in which the Universe expands from a point-like origin such that the distance of any galaxy from the origin is linearly proportional to the speed at which it moves away from the origin (Hubble expansion). The proof of concept of the method has been demonstrated experimentally for graphene with a two-layer structure and it will work optimally for similar layered materials, such as boron nitride and molybdenum disulphide.     

Some problems in the third generation wave models and a new approach to ocean wave modeling

The incompatibility, uncertainty and other difficulties involved in the computation of source terms in the third generation wave model are discussed. Among the effects of these difficulties, the lack of spectral reliability and the expected slow improvement of the model are emphasized. The newly developed model based on an adopted wind-wave directional spectrum is briefly reviewed. The justification of using a given spectrum to build up a model is discussed in full length. The new model and the third generation model are compared in terms of reliability, performance, feasibility of improvement and convenience of usage. The new model has shown its advantages in the comparison and its potential in practical applications.