虚拟地球场景的可视化建模与仿真

从地球自身模型出发,提出了按季风带划分大气云层实现其转动的新方法。为了提高拟真性,探讨了大气散射的成因,研究了大气散射算法并通过GPU编程实现,最后给出了基于多重纹理混合映射的星空背景模型。实验结果表明,这些方法可以大幅提高整个场景的拟真度,同时具备高实时性。可以被广泛地用于空间作战、探测等仿真任务。

Abstract：

Starting from the earth model,a new method was proposed that the rotation of atmospheric could be divided by monsoon belt.In order to improve the fidelity,the reason caused atmospheric scattering was investigated,and the scattering algorithm was studied and implemented by GPU programming.At the end,the star scene model based on multiple texture blending was given.The result of experiment shows that these methods have not only given a substantial increase in fidelity,but also guaranteed real-time rendering.It can be widely used in simulation of space battlefield and exploration.     

Image separation using wavelet-complex shearlet dictionary

This paper presents a new method for image separation through employing a combined dictionary consisting of wavelets and complex shearlets. Because the combined dictionary sparsely represents points and curvilinear singularities respectively, the image can be decomposed into pointlike and curvelike parts as accurate as possible. The proposed method based on the geo- metric separation theory introduced by Donoho in 2005 shows that accurate geometric separation of the morphologically distinct fea- tures of points and curves can be achieved by l1 minimization. The experimental results show that the proposed method can not only be effective but also greatly reduce the computing time.     

Equivalency and unbiasedness of grey prediction models

In order to deeply research the structure discrepancy and modeling mechanism among different grey prediction models, the equivalence and unbiasedness of grey prediction models are analyzed and verified. The results show that all the grey prediction models that are strictly derived from x(0)(k) +az(1)(k) = b have the identical model structure and simulation precision. Moreover, the unbiased simulation for the homogeneous exponential sequence can be accomplished. However, the models derived from dx(1)/dt + ax(1)= b are only close to those derived from x(0)(k) + az(1)(k) = b provided that |a| has to satisfy|a| < 0.1; neither could the unbiased simulation for the homogeneous exponential sequence be achieved. The above conclusions are proved and verified through some theorems and examples.     

Image decomposition and staircase effect reduction based on total generalized variation

Total variation （TV） is widely applied in image process-ing. The assumption of TV is that an image consists of piecewise constants, however, it suffers from the so-cal ed staircase effect. In order to reduce the staircase effect and preserve the edges when textures of image are extracted, a new image decomposition model is proposed in this paper. The proposed model is based on the to-tal generalized variation method which involves and balances the higher order of the structure. We also derive a numerical algorithm based on a primal-dual formulation that can be effectively imple-mented. Numerical experiments show that the proposed method can achieve a better trade-off between noise removal and texture extraction, while avoiding the staircase effect efficiently.     

上行多用户MIMO-OFDMA系统调度与预编码设计

提出了一种基于码书的最大化吞吐量预编码与Round-Robin行列式多用户调度相结合的方案。利用行列式调度算法效用函数以及预编码酉阵码书的特点,两者能够独立设计,同时相互结合提高系统的整体性能。将方案在一个多小区MIMO-OFDMA系统中进行仿真评估,并设计改进的MMSE-SIC接收机。仿真结果表明联合设计方案能够大大增加系统吞吐量,同时改善小区边缘用户的传输性能,有利于公平性的满足。

Abstract：

An uplink multiuser scheduling and precoding scheme was proposed which combined throughput maximization precoding based on the codebook and determinant multiuser scheduling.Through utilizing of the determinant utility function and the unitary codebook,the degisn of the multiuser scheduling and the precoding design could be independent while the combination of which could improve the system performance.The scheme was evaluated in a multi-cell MIMO OFDMA system simulation platform in which a modified MMSE-SIC receiver was implemented.The simulation results show that the design can improve the system throughput greatly and enhance the transmission performance of cell edge users which benefits for the fairness requirement.     

基于虚拟现实技术的地球太空环境仿真

描述了一种地球太空环境的仿真,采用几何计算构建地球形状模型,将地球划分为128块（经线方向16块和纬线方向8块）,计算得到每块区域顶点坐标,法向量,纹理坐标;使用MipMap技术根据视点与每块区域距离变化选择不同精度纹理粘贴;实时判断该区域的可见性,剔除不可见区域减少绘制开销;并采用cg和NormalMap技术将normal图与地球纹理图进行处理,实现地球表面的轮廓凹凸效果,同时添加云层纹理,得到了由地球纹理,云层纹理及NormalMap的多层混合纹理,达到比较逼真的效果;另外采用Billboard技术和纹理融合技术实现地球大气层光晕效果,使用了LensFlare技术实现太阳照射效果,最后采用skybox技术实现星空背景效果。

Abstract：

A simulation of earth and space environment was describedr.The whole earth was cut into 128 parts,16 in longitude,8 in latitude,and the position of vertices,normal vectors,texture coordinate were computed by geometry.Different resolutions of texture were chosen according to the distance from the eye to the area presented by the technique MipMap.The unvisible parts were eliminated by judging the parts’ visibility in realtime.Using the techniques of Cg,NormalMap and the mixture of the textures of the earth,the clouds and the multi-layered clouds,the relatively vivid result for representing the surface of the earth was achieved.Moreover,the technique of Billboard,Lensflare,SkyBox and texture blending were used to show the shine of atmosphere,sunshine,and the background of space.     

多机编队队形控制建模及可视化仿真系统设计

针对多机协同作战编队队形控制问题,给出了相应的军事概念模型,提出了基于几何约束的三角形、菱形、主从式等典型树形编队控制模型,并通过可视化仿真技术,构建了可用于制定试飞方案的可视化仿真验证环境。验证结果表明基于该编队队形控制的算法可用于简单的模拟飞行操作和战术对抗、验证飞机模型。

Abstract：

In order to control the form of multi-fighters cooperative combat in formation, the military notion model was introduced. Several typical tree form team models （triangle, lozenge and leader-follower） based on geometry constraint were proposed on multi-fighters flying in formation. Through researching VR technology, a visual simulation testing model platform was built for making a plan of flight-testing mission. The simulation results indicate that the arithmetic can be well used on simulating flight, anti-tactics and valuating the flight models.     

矩形体充磁线圈有限元分析

提出五金工具充磁线圈结构及参数的设计方法,基于有限元方法与Ansoft Maxwell 3D工具,建立了矩形体充磁线圈的仿真模型,实现对线圈内部Z轴线、XOY0端面、XOY1中心平面,以及纵向中心剖面XOZ0、YOZ0上各点的磁场强度的仿真,详细分析了仿真结果,并与实际测试数据进行对比分析。研究结果表明,所设计的仿真方案可较为全面地描述线圈内部各点的磁场强度,获得的各相关点的仿真数据与实际测试结果具有一致性。仿真研究对实际线圈结构与参数的设计具有指导意义,设计所获得的结果达到充磁工艺预期要求。

Abstract：

The way to design magnetic charging coil for hardware tools was offered.Based on the finite element method and Ansoft Maxwell 3D,the simulation model was established,and the magnetic densities of the different points inside the coil located in the Z-axis,the terminal cross section XOY0,the centric cross section XOY1,as well as the vertical section XOZ0 and YOZ0 were investigated respectively in detail.The simulation results were analyzed,and also compared with the actual measurements.The conclusion of the research shows that the magnetic density of each point inside the coil can be completely described with the given scheme,and the simulation data achieved have the consistency with the actual measurements.The research also indicates that the simulation study has the significance to the design of the structures and the parameters of magnetic charging coil.The expected polytechnic demands of magnetic charging can be met by the research results.     

红外探测器成像仿真

红外探测器是红外成像技术的核心,直接影响着红外成像系统的性能。在分析目标成像尺寸的基础上,详细分析光学弥散、探测器噪声、成像阵列盲元等的形成机理,并进行建模和仿真,最后将这些模型依次叠加。采用此方法得到的仿真图像充分考虑了探测器各种效应的影响,提高了仿真图像的真实性与逼真度,可为红外成像系统的研制及目标检测识别算法提供测试场景与依据。

Abstract：

Infrared detector, which can directly influence the performance of infrared imaging system, plays a key role in infrared imaging technology. The scale of the target image, the causation of optics dispersion, noise of the detector and blind pixels in the imaging arrays were detailed analyzed. More actual infrared images would be simulated by adding the effects mentioned above to the theoretical image model, because the ill effects were calculated. The simulated images could be used to test infrared imaging system or the algorithm of target detecting and recognition.     

基于视景通道的透镜成像过程仿真技术研究

针对计算机成像模型在使用过程中存在的不足,提出了对该模型进行完善与改进的方法。首先根据数字变焦原理,推导出放大倍率与视锥角的关系公式,实现了视景通道的变焦功能,该方法计算量小,效果逼真;其次,提出了一种镜头对焦过程的仿真方法,它充分利用粒子系统技术模拟对焦成像由模糊到清晰的过程,不仅获得更真实的图像效果,且满足实时性要求。上述改进后模型与实际摄像系统原理基本一致,增强了仿真系统视觉效果逼真性与沉浸感。由于该方法在工程上极易实现,可以在虚拟现实系统中广泛应用。

Abstract：

A way that could be improved was brought forward on the pin-hole camera model in allusion to the problems of the insufficient cue of depth. The relation formulas of the magnification and aspect angle were concluded according to the principles of digital zoom and the zooming function of visual channels was realized. The implementation of this method is simple and the effect is realistic. Besides,a simulation method for the course of adjusting focus was proposed,which brought blurry images into focus by particle system. Both vivid images and real time requirement could be achieved. The ameliorated model runs in the same way as the real camera system on the theory,thus enhancing the fidelity and immersion of visual effects. It is so easy to implement in project that this approach can be used universally in VR systems.     

航天视景仿真特殊效果图形生成技术

深入分析了航天视景仿真中火、云、烟、雾霾等特殊效果图形生成三种通用的方法;纹理映射、粒子系统、分形图像生成,并对其进行详细的比较分析,此外还进一步介绍了纹理映射中采用的Billboarding和体绘制技术。     

基于纹理合成的中国山水画系统仿真

在中国水墨画仿真研究成果的基础上,深入研究山水画的笔墨和造型特点,鉴于其效果的复杂多变性及皴法纹理的自相似特征,提出了以纹理合成为基础的山水画系统仿真绘制算法。该算法首先勾勒出山石轮廓,再用纹理合成对轮廓内部加以渲染填充,并引入目标图来实现用户对合成过程的交互控制。结果表明,该仿真算法较为成功地实现了山水画典型艺术效果的绘制。     

基于自适应分数阶微积分的图像去噪与增强算法

针对传统的图像去噪算法容易忽视图像纹理细节的问题,首先提出一种全局自适应分数阶积分去噪算法。该算法可以在去除图像噪声的同时,对图像的纹理进行一定的保留。其次在全局自适应分数阶算法的基础上,针对一类低强度椒盐噪声提出另一种基于小概率策略的自适应分数阶微积分图像去噪与增强算法,该算法将图像中噪声点的出现视为小概率事件并进行分割,然后再采用自适应分数阶积分对噪声点进行处理的同时,采用自适应分数阶微分对图像的纹理进行增强和保留。实验结果表明,两种方法都可以达到较好的去噪效果,其中基于小概率策略的自适应分数阶算法在去噪的同时更具有增强图像的边缘的效果。     

一种基于自然纹理特征的增强现实跟踪算法

给出了一种面向增强现实(augmented reality,AR)的基于自然纹理特征的实时跟踪算法,算法分为目标检测与跟踪两个过程.以真实场景中的目标物体的表面纹理图像作为模板,用基于朴素贝叶斯分类的宽基线匹配方法进行目标检测与方位参数估计;将分层L-K光流算法与鲁棒的IC算法结合,提出一种基于角点与纹理的混合跟踪算法,并用于其跟踪过程.实验结果表明,所提算法具有较好的实时性、准确性与鲁棒性,并解决了宽基线匹配算法在AR应用中出现的抖动现象.     

基于小波差分统计特征的纹理缺陷检测方法

纹理表面缺陷检测是机器视觉中一个重要研究课题,可广泛应用于纺织品、木材、陶瓷等产品的表面质量控制。针对统计纹理图像,提出了一种小波差分统计纹理特征缺陷检测方法。该方法首先应用小波基函数对纹理图像进行一级分解,将图像划分为互不重叠的子窗口,然后计算其差分统计纹理特征值,最后采用Mahalanobis距离分类器进行缺陷判决。实验不仅证明了该方法的有效性,并表明该方法速度快,可用于实时在线检测。     

卫星影像在战场环境仿真中的应用

纹理映射是战场环境仿真中建立真实地理环境的重要手段。本文介绍了卫星影像的发展现状及其在三维地景建模中的应用前景,并以SPOT影像为例,重点研究了用于纹理映射时对卫星影像的预处理方法。文章最后给出了一个应用卫星影像进行三维地景建模的实例。     

基于微机的飞行仿真器图形图象系统的研究与实现

图形图象系统在分布交互仿真虚拟战场环境及虚拟样机中有非常重要的地位,直接影响仿真系统的逼真度。由于视景系统主要是进行几何模型和纹理图象的解算,对硬件的要求较高,所以一直是高档计算机——主要是图形工作站的天下。现在,随着计算机芯片以及网络技术的飞速发展,使得基于普通微机的多通道、大视场视景系统的实现成为了可能。我们在微机平台上开发实现了有人驾驶飞行仿真器的图形、图象显示系统,由于应用效果良好,性能价格比高,该方案在工程应用上有重大意义。     

基于纹理上下文的遥感图像目标识别

基于统计流形理论并结合形状上下文思想,提出了能够描述图像纹理目标的纹理上下文特征,进而实现对遥感图像纹理目标的识别。首先将图像的灰度概率密度函数看作统计流形上的点,用所得到的图像统计流形模型来描述图像的纹理上下文特征;然后使用Fisher信息距离来度量流形上点之间的相似度,并利用匈牙利算法来匹配纹理上下文特征;最后通过计算匹配距离来实现不同图像目标的相似性度量。实验表明,与经典的灰度共生矩阵、局部二值模式和统计流形算法相比,对于具有纹理特征的遥感图像,该方法具有更高的识别率且具有普适性和稳健性。     

基于图割的DCT编码图像分割算法

图割是图像分割中经典有效的算法,针对其计算量较大、实时性能不佳,面对广泛使用的DCT编码图像,提出一种改进的交互式快速分割算法。该算法利用DCT编码图像中的DC系数生成DC低频图像,有效降低了GMM参数学习的训练样本数,结合DC系数与AC系数生成纹理特征,通过颜色与纹理特征的有机结合、局部自适应正则化参数的选取,改善了对纹理图像和细长型边界的分割能力。实验结果表明,算法效率得到了提高,分割效果得到了一定的改善。     

基于纹理粗糙度的回转窑火焰图像FCM分割方法

在深入研究氧化铝回转窑火焰图像特点的基础之上,提出了一种将基于图像灰度值的模糊C-MEANS(FCM)算法与图像纹理粗糙度特征相结合的图像分割方法.利用加窗自相关系数表征图像中火焰区与物料区在纹理粗糙度方面的差异,对FCM聚类的结果隶属度矩阵进行去模糊化运算,改善了火焰区与物料区的分割效果.实验结果表明,图像灰度值信息和纹理粗糙度特征的融合对于提高氧化铝回转窑火焰图像的分割精度具有重要的研究价值.