基于抗差最小二乘配置的海底地形生成研究

最小二乘配置算法能同时顾及测深数据的系统性和随机性影响,提高海底地形的生成精度。根据该算法建立了海洋测深多波束数据的函数模型和随机模型,并构建海底地形。为避免测深数据的异常值影响,进一步推导了基于抗差估计的协方差函数求解公式,提出抗差最小二乘配置算法生成海底地形。利用多波束数据生成海底,结果显示抗差最小二乘配置算法能在构建海底地形的同时准确剔除测深异常。将构建的地形与双线性多项式内插生成的海底进行比较,进一步说明了该算法具有较高的海底地形生成精度。

Abstract：

Seabed terrain generating precision can be improved by least-squares collocation algorithm which takes the systematic and stochastic effects in the bathymetry data. The functional model and stochastic model of the algorithm were created by multibeam bathymetry data,and the method of creating seabed terrain by Least-squares Collocation was researched. To avoid the effect of outliers in bathymetry data,covariance function was calculated by robust estimation,and the Robust Least-squares Collocation algorithm for terrain generation was proposed. It was applied to the real bathymetry data set,and the results indicate that the outliers are detected by the algorithm while the seabed terrain is generated. In the remainder,the terrain grids was compared with which created by bilinear polynomial interpolation algorithm,and it is proved that the Robust Least-squares Collocation algorithm can get higher precision of seabed terrain generation while detecting outliers.     

基于虚拟现实技术的地球太空环境仿真

描述了一种地球太空环境的仿真,采用几何计算构建地球形状模型,将地球划分为128块（经线方向16块和纬线方向8块）,计算得到每块区域顶点坐标,法向量,纹理坐标;使用MipMap技术根据视点与每块区域距离变化选择不同精度纹理粘贴;实时判断该区域的可见性,剔除不可见区域减少绘制开销;并采用cg和NormalMap技术将normal图与地球纹理图进行处理,实现地球表面的轮廓凹凸效果,同时添加云层纹理,得到了由地球纹理,云层纹理及NormalMap的多层混合纹理,达到比较逼真的效果;另外采用Billboard技术和纹理融合技术实现地球大气层光晕效果,使用了LensFlare技术实现太阳照射效果,最后采用skybox技术实现星空背景效果。

Abstract：

A simulation of earth and space environment was describedr.The whole earth was cut into 128 parts,16 in longitude,8 in latitude,and the position of vertices,normal vectors,texture coordinate were computed by geometry.Different resolutions of texture were chosen according to the distance from the eye to the area presented by the technique MipMap.The unvisible parts were eliminated by judging the parts’ visibility in realtime.Using the techniques of Cg,NormalMap and the mixture of the textures of the earth,the clouds and the multi-layered clouds,the relatively vivid result for representing the surface of the earth was achieved.Moreover,the technique of Billboard,Lensflare,SkyBox and texture blending were used to show the shine of atmosphere,sunshine,and the background of space.     

Method of Chaotic Prediction Based on Wavelet BP Network and Its Application

The advantage of artificial neural network and wavelet analysis are integrated through replacing the traditional S-shaped activation function with the wavelet function. One method of chaotic prediction based on wavelet BP network was put forward based on the reconstruction of state space. Training data construction and networks structure are determined by chaotic phase space, and nonlinear relationship of phase points was established by BP neural networks. As an example, the new method was applied on short term forecasting of monthly precipitation time series of Sanjiang Plain with chaotic characteristics. The results showed so higher precision of the method had that the theoretical evidence would be provided for applying the chaos theory to study the variable law of monthly precipitation.     

神经网络模糊预测优化控制在VAV系统中的应用

将神经网络、模糊控制与非线性预测优化控制结合起来,提出了神经网络模糊预测优化控制方法,采用前馈神经网络作为预测模型,利用贝叶斯正则化方法对模型进行了辨识,以自调整模糊控制器作为优化控制器,通过多步预测方式,系统的优化性能指标综合考虑温度偏差最小和能耗最小这两方面因素,应用该方法对制冷工况变风量空调系统的送风温度和回风温度（室内温度）进行了仿真控制研究。控制结果表明了该方法的有效性,控制效果良好,并且可以达到节省能耗的目的。

Abstract：

Artificial neural network,fuzzy control and nonlinear optimal predictive control were combined.The algorithm of neural network nonlinear fuzzy predictive optimal control was proposed.Feed-forward neural network was adopted as the predictive model of the cooling VAV system.The model was identified by the method of Bayesian regularization.The self-adjusting fuzzy controller was adopted as optimal controller.The algorithm was applied in the cooling VAV system with multi-step predictive method.Indoor temperature and supply air temperature was controlled aimed at minimum temperature deviation and minimum energy consumption by this scheme in Matlab.Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of this technique,and in the meantime illustrate that this technique can save energy consumption.     

感应电机无速度传感器模糊控制仿真研究

基于Takagi-Sugeno（T-S）模糊模型,提出了一种感应电机的模糊转速磁链观测器,并实现了一种新的感应电机无速度传感器模糊控制方法。该方法利用Lyapunov稳定性理论分析了观测器的稳定性,通过求解受线性矩阵不等式（LMI）约束的广义特征值问题来得到观测器的反馈矩阵。在Matlab软件平台上,利用SimPowerSystems Blocks（PSB）电气模块和Simulink通常模块搭建了基于模糊观测器的无速度传感器控制系统,仿真实验验证了该系统的正确性。仿真结果表明该方法在全速度范围各种工况下都能稳定工作,准确观测定子磁链和转速。

Abstract：

Based on Takagi-Sugeno （T-S） fuzzy model,a fuzzy speed and flux observer of induction motor （IM） was proposed and a novel speed sensorless fuzzy control for IM drives was developed based on fuzzy observer design. This method utilized Lyapunov stability theory to analyze the stability for the observer. The observer gains were obtained by solving a generalized eigenvalue problem （GEVP） under linear matrix inequality （LMI） constraints. The speed sensorless control system of IM drives on the basis of the fuzzy observer was built with PSB blocks and Simulink blocks in Matlab platform and verified by simulation results. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method could operate stably in whole range of speed with preferable observation precision of stator flux and rotor speed.     

基于顾客-销售商互动反馈的库存控制策略仿真

针对服务水平影响顾客潜在需求和销售商库存水平的复杂系统问题,运用服从特定分布的离散随机数模拟市场中受销售商历史服务水平影响的顾客反馈需求,建立以总销售利润最大为目标的销售商库存系统动力学仿真模型模拟顾客-销售商间的互动反馈关系,基于STELLA软件动态模拟服务水平控制策略下库存系统中物流和信息流的传递和反馈。最后的实例仿真结果验证了模型和算法的合理有效性,指出了敏感型销售商与固执型销售商在面对不同顾客需求时的绩效差异,这也表明了提出的算法在现代商品销售中的实用性。

Abstract：

A System Dynamics-based modeling methodology for inventory management simulation was developed to realize the relationships between stochastic customer demand influenced by service level and dealer inventory.In the model,total cost was substituted by total sales profit as the end objective of dealer inventory management decisions.The SD program STELLA was used to simulate the feedback between customer and dealer dynamically.The simulation model was validated by realistic data and several cases were studied.The difference of operating performance between sensitive dealer and inflexible dealer was revealed.     

无线传感器网络的自适应分簇组网算法研究

针对经典算法LEACH和HEED的不足,提出了一种能自适应分簇组网的优化算法。构建了节点信息权重模型,并借鉴邻节点信息交换的思想,在成簇过程中与探测范围内的节点交换权重信息,自适应完成分布式网络的簇首选举,并根据最小距离原则成簇。理论分析和仿真实验表明,该算法比LEACH和HEED算法选取的簇首及形成的簇结构更加合理,同时更有效地降低与均衡了网络的能耗,提高了传感器网络的生命周期。

Abstract：

A self-adaptive and optimized clustering algorithm was put forward according to the shortage of LEACH and HEED. The Heavy-weight model about nodes＇ messages was created,and the idea that neighbor nodes exchanged messages each other was used for reference. The nodes which were able to communicate with each other exchanged the Heavy-weight during making clusters,elect self-adaptively the cluster head in distributing networks,and made some clusters based on the minimum distance principle. The theoretic analysis and simulation results prove that the elected cluster head and cluster structure are more reasonable,the energy expenditure in networks is less,the longevity of networks is longer by the optimized algorithm compared to LEACH and HEED.     

Dynamic model and simulation of aseismatic system about laser gyro strapdown inertial measure assembly based on MSTMM

The precision of the laser gyro used in tactical missiles is poor because of dithering frequency,actuating by vibration,shock and overload in dynamical environment.This paper introduces the transfer matrix method of the multibody system(MSTMM),establishes the dynamic model of the laser gyro strapdown inertial measure assembly aseismatic system,and analyzes the precision affected by dithering of the laser gyro and shocking of the tactical missile.And the dynamic response of the laser gyro strapdown inertial measure assembly aseismatic system is obtained by simulating the multibody system model.The simulation result indicates a theoretical idea to design the vibration isolation for the laser gyro strapdown inertial measure assembly.     

基于前馈及反馈补偿的高性能直线伺服系统

数控机床用直线电动机在工作过程中,推力波动、负载扰动和非线性摩擦等各种扰动因素降低了直线伺服的性能。为抑制扰动满足数控机床直线伺服系统速度跟踪性能的要求,在分析永磁直线同步电动机数学模型和各种扰动因素的基础上,引入具有动态递归特性的Elman神经网络,设计出具有前馈及反馈综合补偿效果的复合控制器,不仅可以对各种扰动进行反馈补偿,而且对速度给定信号进行预测前馈补偿控制,提高了直线伺服系统的跟踪精度和响应速度,仿真结果验证了Elman神经网络的动态性能及综合补偿的优点,表明了复合控制方案的有效性和可行性。

Abstract：

Disturbance variations,such as force ripple,load disturbance and nonlinear friction,directly impose on the motor shaft,leading to significant effect on the computer numerical control （CNC） machine tool servo system performance.In order to satisfy the requirements for speed command tracking performance and eliminate the influence of disturbance,on the bases of the analyzing the mathematics model of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor （PMLSM） and disturbance variation,Elman dynamic recurrent Neural Network was introduced and compound controller with feedforward and feedback comprehensive compensation was proposed.The disturbances were compensated by feedback component and reference speed input signal was preview controlled by feedforward component.The tracking performance and respect speed of linear server system were improved.The advantages of the comprehensive compensation and dynamic of Elman NN were proved.The simulation results show that this compound control scheme is feasible and effective.     

System of developing scale modeling and simulation for URAV

The unmanned reconnaissance aerial vehicle （URAV） plays an important role in battlefield monitoring and information acquiring because of its advantage of zero casualties, and has thus attracted considerable attention of the world. The URAV was developed rapidly in our country, however, no scientific assessment methods have yet been provided owing to different fight requirements of armed forces. Considering the demand of the missile artillery on the martial information, the model of information requirement of combat force, the reconnaissance ability of URAV, the survivability of URAV, and the task reliability of URAV were constructed, respectively. By synthesizing the mathematic models above, the model of developing demand was constructed on the URAV equipment. It simulated and calculated some URAV equipment developing scales, and explored a way of settling the problem of URAV equipment developing demand.     

脉冲直接力控制简易制导弹药命中精度研究

研究了基于弹体捷联激光四象限探测器体制下,利用脉冲力进行质心控制的弹道修正技术.通过外弹道模型的建立和数值仿真,研究了弹丸落角、脉冲发动机作用位置偏离质心距离、脉冲发动机工作宽度和总冲散布等因素对于弹道修正精度的影响,对比得出了影响弹丸修正精度的主要因素,为工程实现提供理论支持.     

末端修正子母弹对面目标的射击效能评估

作为射击精度评估的常用指标,无论是圆概率偏差,还是命中概率都没有涉及面目标的功能结构的重要度,而命中重要程度不同的区域,其射击效能是不同的。针对末修子母弹打击面目标时射击效能的评价问题,在通过数值模拟法产生末修子母弹的落点散布,以及利用毁伤树分析方法对面目标进行功能区域划分的基础上,利用Monte-Carlo仿真方法计算了子母弹对各功能区域的命中概率Pi,并定义了基于区域结构及重要度的射击命中度和毁伤概率,从而综合评估了整体的射击效能。最后通过仿真算例说明了该方法的合理性,并利用均匀设计法定量分析了末修子母弹的性能参数对射击效能的影响。     

6自由度修正弹道脉冲推力仿真研究

建立了基于SIMULINK的六自由度弹道修正弹仿真模型，并在此基础上研究了脉冲推力作用下的弹道修正特性。针对非质心作用推力的情况，讨论了附加攻角振荡幅度、脉冲推力大小、作用时间间隔等因素对于修正距离的影响。根据讨论结果发现，修正弹在预设固定时间点附近存在有利触发脉冲时机。如果能够在预设时间点附近的一个短时间范围内选择有利触发时机，就可以大大减少修正弹附加攻角的振荡，从而接近达到脉冲推力作用于质心时的预期修正效果．     

脉冲力末端修正追踪制导律稳定性分析

脉冲力控制的离散性和弹体动力学的连续性使得脉冲力控制制导控制系统成为难于分析的混杂控制系统。鉴于此,建立了脉冲力控制弹体和制导回路动力学模型,通过将脉冲力控制制导系统等价为幅值式脉冲调制(amplitude pulse frequency modulator,APF-M)系统,解决了脉冲力控制制导回路的变周期离散化建模问题。进一步利用滑模理论分析了制导回路的稳定性,得出脉冲冲量、喷管点火等待时间及重力对制导回路稳定性的影响。提出了偏置阈值法进行重力补偿,并对脉冲力控制制导回路进行了仿真分析。仿真结果验证了偏置阈值法重力补偿的有效性,并得出加大脉冲冲量,减小喷管点火等待时间能有效减缓失调角发散的结论。     

炮口制退器斜切喷口结构优化及其应用

建立了炮口制退器斜切扩张喷口二维轴对称流场模型,结合多岛遗传算法以制退器所受冲击力为目标对喷口结构参数进行了优化研究.将优化得到的喷口结构应用于三维制退器模型进行了验证计算,计算结果表明改进后模型中制退器所受的冲击力提高了49.3%.应用多岛遗传算法对制退器结构进行改进是可行的.     

攻击机首次进入目标概率研究

通过分析攻击机近距离轰炸地面目标的作战过程,采用解析法研究了攻击机的首次进入目标概率。分析了机载光电探测设备的探测区域,给出了攻击机首次进入目标概率的顶层模型和最大目标观察距离计算方法。分析了攻击机的进入目标过程,以攻击机水平投掷制导炸弹和俯冲投掷普通航弹为例,给出了最小进入目标航向距离的计算方法。通过示例对上述模型中的主要因素进行了分析验证。     

飞轮电池磁悬浮控制系统的仿真和实验研究

提出了一种用于飞轮电池的电磁和永磁混合磁悬浮轴承设计方案，其轴向位移由电磁铁主动控制，其余自由度由永磁铁以吸力方式给以约束，同时由永磁铁提供电磁控制的偏置磁场。对电磁力和永磁力进行了有限元计算和线性化，建立了磁悬浮控制系统的模型。对系统在不同的PID控制器参数下。受到阶跃扰动力的位移响应进行了仿真。采用上述磁悬浮方案和PID控制器，完成了一个单自由度磁悬浮实验，洲试了飞轮转子轴向脉冲力位移响应．实验结果证实上述磁悬浮方案和控制器能够实现飞轮转子的稳定悬浮。     

采用属性相关分析的异常数据检测方法

为了发现数据库中的异常数据,提出了两个数据项集之间相关可信度的新概念,并研究了基于该度量的异常数据检测规则的计算算法,产生的规则适合于离散型属性孤立点的检测。在计算检测规则中,最小相关可信度阈值不需由用户指定,而是根据1〖CD*2〗数据项集的频率确定;利用相关可信度的性质,可以减小检测规则计算算法的时间复杂度。实验结果表明,采用该方法计算获得的相关规则进行异常数据检测,不仅效率较高,而且检测的准确率、查全率也较高。     

顺轨双基地合成孔径雷达Chirp Scaling成像算法

根据传统SAR处理中的Chirp Scaling原理,采用二阶距离近似模型推导了适用于顺轨飞行模式双基地SAR的Chirp Scaling算法,解决了接收、发射分置引起的雷达响应函数从距离-方位域向二维频域变换的复杂性问题,成功实现双基地SAR成像的高精度Chirp Scaling处理,在任意双基地角下都能够很好地聚焦成像.     

Calculation and Test of Hitting Force of Firing Bullet on the Bulletproof Helmet

1.INTRODUCTIONThebulletproofhelmetismadebyultrahighstrengthsteelplatethroughhotstamping.Theforceanddeformationarecomplexatfiringbullet.Itrelatestoplasticitydynamics,hotelasticity-plasticitymechanicsandcompoundmaterialdeformationmechanics.Therehasnotaccuratelytheorycomputation.Inthispapertaccordingtothetestdevicethatthebulletproofhelmetcoversthewoodheadmodel,wegettwosystemswhichcalculatethehittingforceatfiringbulletusingmomenttheoremandenergybalanceprinciple,andwealsocomparewiththetestresu…