系统效能的概念框架及度量

以抽象系统的行为过程为研究对象,提出了一个具有普适意义的系统效能定义及其概念框架,建立了一个将系统效能分解为效能指数和效能因子的系统效能度量方法,将系统效能的计算转化为静态的效能指数与动态的效能因子的乘积。其中,效能指数反映系统能力与系统目标之间的匹配程度,效能因子反映系统行为表现相对于系统能力的偏差。所提出的概念和方法可用于对各类系统的效能分析与评估。

Abstract：

Based on behavior and performance of abstract system,a general definition of system effectiveness was given. The measure method of system effectiveness was derived and a conceptual framework of system effectiveness was constructed,which indicates that the value of system effectiveness equals to the product of system effectiveness index and system effectiveness factor. The system effectiveness index implies the match degree of system capability and system objective,and the system effectiveness factor implies the deviation of system performance from its capability. The concept and measure method can be applied to the analysis and assessment of system effectiveness.     

多机编队队形控制建模及可视化仿真系统设计

针对多机协同作战编队队形控制问题,给出了相应的军事概念模型,提出了基于几何约束的三角形、菱形、主从式等典型树形编队控制模型,并通过可视化仿真技术,构建了可用于制定试飞方案的可视化仿真验证环境。验证结果表明基于该编队队形控制的算法可用于简单的模拟飞行操作和战术对抗、验证飞机模型。

Abstract：

In order to control the form of multi-fighters cooperative combat in formation, the military notion model was introduced. Several typical tree form team models （triangle, lozenge and leader-follower） based on geometry constraint were proposed on multi-fighters flying in formation. Through researching VR technology, a visual simulation testing model platform was built for making a plan of flight-testing mission. The simulation results indicate that the arithmetic can be well used on simulating flight, anti-tactics and valuating the flight models.     

The Risk Evaluation of the Implement for Enterprise E—Business

In this paper, risk evaluation index system of electronic business is put forward for core manufactures. At the same time, risk evaluation method is established on the basis of fuzzy mathematics and grey theory, and its effectiveness and feasibility are tested in the practical example.     

编队箔条弹与舰空导弹武器火力兼容模型

编队箔条弹干扰与舰空导弹协同防空作战中的火力兼容控制属于编队软硬武器火力兼容控制的一种基本情况。通过建立编队坐标系中箔条云假目标位置变化动态模型和舰空导弹起控点参数模型,从箔条云对雷达电磁波散射的角度出发,提出了基于箔条云对电磁波衰减特性的箔条弹与舰空导弹火力兼容判别模型,通过协同控制编队中舰空导弹的发射时间,避免了箔条弹对导弹的干扰,解决了二者之间的火力冲突。研究成果有助于提高编队防空作战能力,并为编队其它软硬武器火力兼容研究提供借鉴。

Abstract：

The firepower compatibility of fleet chaff jamming and ship-to-air missile cooperative air defense is one of the basic forms of fleet hard and soft weapon firepower compatibility.The model of chaff cloud decoy target moving and the guidance starting point position model of ship-to-air missile were established.Based on the characteristic of electromagnetic scattering from chaff cloud and the attenuation of chaff cloud to electromagnetic waves,the firepower compatibility model of fleet chaff jamming and ship-to-air missile was given.By controlling the time of missile launched,the jamming from chaff clouds could be avoided,and the conflicts between chaff jamming shell and missile were solved.The model can be used for reference researches in this area.     

基于HLA的潜艇作战仿真平台设计与实现

建立了集潜艇装备仿真、反潜CGF仿真、武器对抗仿真、海洋环境仿真为一体的潜艇作战模型体系,采用HLA仿真体系结构构建了完整的潜艇作战分布式仿真平台,系统提供有效的仿真数据收集、存储及分析功能,可以在＂虚拟战场环境＂中开展对抗条件下的潜艇作战效能评估、作战使用方法研究等工作,系统通过扩展接口可与其他非HLA仿真系统互连从而扩展了研究范围。

Abstract：

A comprehensive simulation model framework was established,which included equipment models,anti-submarine forces model,weapon counterwork model,ocean environment model. A HLA-based distributed simulation system for submarine warfare was built to form a virtual ocean combat space,in which research works could be carried out by the means of counterwork simulation. This system provides the functions of simulation data collect,access and analysis,also this system can interlink with other non HLA systems through extension interface.     

Constrained cooperative control design for distributed morphing wing systems

An efficient design method is proposed for the cooperative control problem of morphing wing systems with distributed structures and bounded control inputs. The multi-agent model of the distributed morphing wing system is established. The cooperative controllers with saturation constraints are presented. By introducing the concepts in consensus algorithms, the cooperative information links in the controllers are described by graphs, and the corresponding Laplacian matrix is defined. The design conditions of the cooperative controllers are proposed, in the form of linear matrix inequalities. For the case of undirected information links, the controller design conditions are simplified as algebraic inequalities, which highly reduce the computation cost. The designed controllers are implemented on a distributed morphing wing platform, and experiments are carried out. Simulation and experiment results show that the controllers can make all the actuating units in the morphing wing system cooperatively achieve the desired positions, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed theory.     

Design and operation strategies of the system for destroying time-sensitive target based on system effectiveness

To improve the effect of destroying time-sensitive target （TST）, a method of operational effectiveness evaluation is presented and some influential factors are analyzed based on the combat flow of system for destroying TST. Considering the possible operation modes of the system, a waved operation mode and a continuous operation mode are put forward at first. At the same time, some relative formulas are modified. In examples, the influential factors and operation modes are analyzed based on the system effectiveness. From simulation results, some design and operation strategies of the system for destroying time sensitive targets are concluded, which benefit to the improvement of the system effectiveness.     

Immune multi-agent model using vaccine for cooperative air-defense system of systems for surface warship formation based on danger theory

Aiming at the problem on cooperative air-defense of surface warship formation, this paper maps the cooperative airdefense system of systems （SoS） for surface warship formation （CASoSSWF） to the biological immune system （BIS） according to the similarity of the defense mechanism and characteristics between the CASoSSWF and the BIS, and then designs the models of components and the architecture for a monitoring agent, a regulating agent, a killer agent, a pre-warning agent and a communicating agent by making use of the theories and methods of the artificial immune system, the multi-agent system （MAS）, the vaccine and the danger theory （DT）. Moreover a new immune multi-agent model using vaccine based on DT （IMMUVBDT） for the cooperative air-defense SoS is advanced. The immune response and immune mechanism of the CASoSSWF are analyzed. The model has a capability of memory, evolution, commendable dynamic environment adaptability and self-learning, and embodies adequately the cooperative air-defense mechanism for the CASoSSWF. Therefore it shows a novel idea for the CASoSSWF which can provide conception models for a surface warship formation operation simulation system.     

基于处理器在回路的卫星编队仿真验证系统

为了验证星载计算机的软/硬件性能,建立了以两个星载计算机为核心的卫星编队仿真验证系统。介绍了该系统的软、硬件构成,重点解决了动力学仿真机与星载计算机CAN总线双向数据传输、动力学仿真机以及星载计算机的进程同步、星载计算机的无线通信以及实时驱动STK场景动画显示等问题。在成功实现系统的基础上,进行了双星编队自主维持控制仿真。仿真结果校验了系统设计的合理性以及软硬件接口的正确性。

Abstract：

To verify the software and hardware performance of the on-board computer, a demonstration simulation system for formation flying satellites was established based on two on-board computers. The software and hardware architecture of the simulation system were introduced, and the key problems of the data communication between the dynamic simulation computers and the on-board computers via CAN bus, the synchronization of the dynamic simulation computers and the on-board computers, the wireless communication of the on-board computers, and the real-time visualization animation by driving STK were solved. Based on the developed processor-in-the-loop simulation system, the autonomous formation keeping control for dual satellites was performed. The simulation results demonstrate the validity of the simulation system and the correctness of the software and hardware interfaces.     

基于作战单元的装备综合保障仿真评估研究

针对装备综合保障仿真评估中的三个方面的问题,提出了基于装备作战单元的建模方法,说明了针对装备作战单元建立综合保障仿真评估Petri网模型的方法,并给出了两个具体的仿真流程,说明了具体系统实现的方法。最后,以某装备作战单元为例,将获取的该装备的实际保障工作相关数据,按照所建立的仿真模型的输入要求输入仿真模型,根据模型输出数据,对仿真结果进行分析评估。

Abstract：

According to the three problems in simulation of ILS evaluation, the means of modeling, the method of building Petri net model of ILS simulation to the equipment basic combat unit, and the method of building the system were put forward. Taking an equipment as an example, input the actual support data to the simulation model constructed, and then the simulation result was analyzed. It proves that the model is correct and feasible.     

基于EAS+MADRL的多无人车体系效能评估方法研究

无人作战开始步入现代战争舞台, 多无人车(multi unmanned ground vehicle, MUGV) 协同作战将成为未来陆上作战的主要样式。体系效能评估是装备论证和战法研究的核心问题, 针对MUGV体系效能评估问题, 建立了一套以自主学习算法为基础的探索性仿真分析方法。将MUGV对抗过程建模为零和随机博弈(zero sum stochastic game, ZSG)模型, 通过使用多智能体深度强化学习类方法(multi agent deep reinforcement learning, MADRL)探索在不同对方无人车规模条件下, ZSG模型的纳什均衡解, 分析纳什均衡条件下参战双方胜率, 作战时长等约束, 完成MUGV体系作战效能评估, 并在最后给出了MUGV体系效能评估应用示例, 从而建立了更可信、可用的体系效能评估方法。     

基于合作协同进化的多机空战目标分配

为寻找一种满足多机空战需求的目标分配优化方法,提升空战效能,提出了一种基于合作协同进化的多机空战目标分配方法。首先,该方法基于单机空战优势,建立多机协同空战优势评价指标体系。然后,对战机间的协同相关性进行分析计算,建立多机协同空战目标分配模型。在变长度染色体遗传算法(genetic algorithm, GA)的基础上,设计了基于交叉、嫁接、分裂和拼接算子的改进合作协同进化算法,提高了模型的进化效率。最后,设计实验分别对优势评价指标体系的有效性、静态算例、动态算例和大规模无人战斗机算例进行仿真验证,并将2种模型以及4种算法的计算结果和所提算法的实验结果进行对比。仿真结果表明,改进合作协同进化算法适用于该模型计算,结果收敛稳定,亲和度值显著提升,能够优化目标分配方案,在空战中具有一定的应用意义。     

复杂电磁环境下水面舰艇防空反导作战效能评估

为有效评估复杂电磁环境下的水面舰艇防空反导作战效能,综合考虑装备、环境和人的行为等因素的影响,建立了水面舰艇防空反导作战效能指标体系,提出了基于层次分析法的水面舰艇防空反导作战效能评估流程,构建了包含目标层、子效能层、能力层、约束层和方案层共5个层次的效能评估递阶层次结构模型.应用表明,该评估流程和结构模型能全面体现复...     

双机编队协同战术的实现

针对空战的特点,对双机编队的作战任务进行功能分解。通过引入描述攻击过程中编队作战决策心智状态的信念、目标、行动和路径等算子,给出了双机编队的协同作战意图,以及编队内各架飞机之间通信行为的概念。研究了基于协同作战意图的“主从式协同、协商式协同”编队战术的协调方法。仿真结果表明,基于协同作战意图的协调方法可提高编队的作战效能。     

攻击机反舰作战能力评估的综合指数模型

针对攻击机反舰作战能力评估中评估指标的选取和分析以及计算模型的构建等关键问题,对攻击机反舰作战能力的影响因素及其层次结构进行了分析,并建立了考虑突防能力、战场态势感知能力、反舰武器能力、最大作战半径和导航能力的评估指标体系。在分析了指标参数间聚合关系的基础上,结合反舰作战理论和实际给出了各指标的综合指数计算模型,最后以6种机型反舰作战能力评估为例计算并检验了模型的可用性。     

面向事件活动流的舰艇作战任务效能评估模型

考虑作战过程性因素对作战效能的影响,将作战任务表示为作用在作战资源上的活动、状态、事件及其关系组成的事件活动流模型。在此基础上,提出了基于信息熵、面向事件活动流的作战任务效能评估模型,针对评估模型中的权重评价,给出了基于微粒群的权重向量优化算法,从而通过对作战任务的事件活动流模型进行效能评估,实现对作战任务效能的评估。最后给出了作战任务效能评估的实例。     

基于IBPSO的编队协同对地攻击目标分配算法

针对编队协同对地攻击目标分配问题特点,对二进制粒子群算法应用于编队协同对地攻击目标分配的若干问题进行研究。首先,通过战斗机毁伤目标收益和攻击目标代价建立了目标分配问题的评估标准。然后,在引入了一系列操作符的基础上,对二进制粒子群算法的速度和位置更新计算公式进行了改进,并利用改进的二进制粒子群算法完成了编队协同对地攻击目标分配。仿真结果表明,改进的二进制粒子群算法比遗传算法具有更强的全局寻优能力、更快的收敛速度。     

武器装备体系作战能力评估框架

通过对武器装备体系及其作战能力评估的有关问题进行讨论,探索一种可行的体系整体作战能力评估的思路。首先给出了武器装备体系及其作战能力和作战效能的概念,研究了装备作战能力指标的聚合关系及其处理方法。然后分析了以往利用解析法进行作战能力评估的缺陷,提出了折合系数的概念,进而提出了一种武器装备体系作战能力评估框架。     

体系能力模型与装备体系贡献率测度方法

针对作战体系建设与运用中评估体系能力与装备对其作用的需要,研究体系能力模型与装备在体系中贡献率的测度方法。首先,阐述作战体系组成与能力因素,明确装备体系贡献率概念与形式化表征;其次,运用逻辑回归方法,建立符合体系能力特点的作战体系能力模型;然后,在给出体系各能力因素对体系能力贡献的基础上,提出装备对体系贡献率的测度方法;最后,给出应用示例,说明构建的模型和方法可用且有效。能够为评估装备在体系中的贡献率提供借鉴。     

群机协同空战中的多目标攻击决策模型研究

分析了群机协同空战中，多编队、多机分步协同作战的特点，提出分层递阶的协同多目标攻击决策模型，将问题分解为战役层兵力指派和战术层多目标分配决策，并分别设计了战役层和战术层的决策模型。建立了通用空战态势评估和能力评估模型，通过对战役层和战术层作战单元的抽象和评估模型参数的设置，可将该模型应用于两个不同层次。最后给出了仿真算例，验证了该模型的可用性和有效性。