Route strategy of satellite network in GNSS based on topology evolution law

As each type of satellite network has different link features, its data transmission must be designed based on its link features to improve the efficiency of data transferring. The transmission of navigation integrated services information （NISI） in a global navigation satellite system （GNSS） with inter-satellite links （ISLs） is studied by taking the real situation of inter-satellite communication links into account. An on-demand computing and buffering centralized route strategy is proposed based on dynamic grouping and the topology evolution law of the GNSS network within which the satellite nodes are operated in the manner of dynamic grouping. Dynamic grouping is based on satellites spatial relationships and the group role of the satellite node changes by turns due to its spatial relationships. The route strategy provides significant advantages of high efficiency, low complexity, and flexi- ble configuration, by which the established GNSS can possess the features and capabilities of feasible deployment, efficient transmission, convenient management, structural invulnerability and flexible expansion.     

Method for electromagnetic detection satellites scheduling based on genetic algorithm with alterable penalty coefficient

The electromagnetic detection satellite （EDS） is a type of earth observation satellites （EOSs）. The Information collected by EDSs plays an important role in some fields, such as industry, science and military. The scheduling of EDSs is a complex combinatorial optimization problem. Current research mainly focuses on the scheduling of imaging satellites and SAR satellites, but little work has been done on the scheduling of EDSs for its specific characteristics. A multi-satellite scheduling model is established, in which the specific constrains of EDSs are considered, then a scheduling algorithm based on the genetic algorithm （GA） is proposed. To deal with the specific constrains of EDSs, a penalty function method is introduced. However, it is hard to determine the appropriate penalty coefficient in the penalty function. Therefore, an adaptive adjustment mechanism of the penalty coefficient is designed to solve the problem, as well as improve the scheduling results. Experimental results are used to demonstrate the correctness and practicability of the proposed scheduling algorithm.     

卫星二次分离方案仿真研究

首先借助Adams软件对多星二次分离方案建立简化的分离系统模型,研究卫星质量,子星分布特性,分离参数等因素对小卫星二次分离的影响,并选择合理参数值对多星二次分离过程仿真。然后,为验证模型,对二次分离进行了动力学计算,得到子星分离速度和角速度值。对比两者结果一致,验证了ADAMS模型计算的正确性。仿真研究对小卫星设计具有重要实际意义,为我国新一代小卫星的多级分离技术的研究提供依据和参考。

Abstract：

Firstly,the simplified model of satellite separation system was built for secondary separation schemes,and the elements of affecting micro-satellite secondary separation were analyzed,such as micro-satellite mass,distributing character and separation parameters,and then ADAMS simulation was applied to the multi-satellites secondary separation based on the optimized parameters. After that,in order to verify model,the dynamic calculating was carried out and velocity and angle velocity of secondary separation were obtained. Finally,it could be concluded that the Adams model was correct comparing dynamics results. The results are a good reference to satellite design and step separate technology of new generation satellite.     

Multi-agent aggregation behavior analysis: The dynamic communication topology*

The authors extend the Gazi＇s swarm model with local neighbor rules and the dynamic communication topology, and study its aggregation properties. Results of analysis show that all agents in the models aggregate and eventually form a cohesive cluster of finite size around the swarm center or the appointed point. Finally, simulations are provided to testify some of the results. Models in the paper are more applicable to the reality for the advantage that each agent only needs the partial information of the entire dynamic system when making motion decision.     

Extraction of affine invariant features for shape recognition based on ant colony optimization

A new approach to extraction of affine invariant features of contour image and matching strategy is proposed for shape recognition.Firstly,the centroid distance and azimuth angle of each boundary point are computed.Then,with a prior-defined angle interval,all the points in the neighbor region of the sample point are considered to calculate the average distance for eliminating noise.After that,the centroid distance ratios(CDRs) of any two opposite contour points to the barycenter are achieved as the representation of the shape,which will be invariant to affine transformation.Since the angles of contour points will change non-linearly among affine related images,the CDRs should be resampled and combined sequentially to build one-by-one matching pairs of the corresponding points.The core issue is how to determine the angle positions for sampling,which can be regarded as an optimization problem of path planning.An ant colony optimization(ACO)-based path planning model with some constraints is presented to address this problem.Finally,the Euclidean distance is adopted to evaluate the similarity of shape features in different images.The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method in shape recognition with translation,scaling,rotation and distortion.     

Stability Analysis of Event-Triggered Networked Control Systems with Time-Varying Delay and Packet Loss

Networked control systems(NCSs) are facing a great challenge from the limitation of network communication resources. Event-triggered control(ETC) is often used to reduce the amount of communication while still keeping a satisfactory performance of the system, by transmitting the measurements only when an event-triggered condition is satisfied. However, some network-induced problems would happen inevitably, such as communication delay and packet loss, which can degrade the control performance significantly and can even lead to instability. In this paper, a periodic eventtriggered NCS considering both time-varying delay and packet loss is studied. The system is discretized into a piecewise linear system with uncertainty. Then the model is handled by a polytopic overapproximation method to be more suitable for stability analysis. Finally, stability conditions are obtained and presented in terms of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs). The result is illustrated by a numerical example.     

Frequency domain polarization weighted ESPRIT method for bearing angle

The signal to noise ratio （SNR） of seismic waves is usually very low after long distance transmission. For this condition, to improve the bearing estimation capability in the low SNR, a frequency domain polarization weighted ESPRIT method using a single vector device is proposed. The frequency domain polari- zation parameters extracted from the signals are used to design the weighted function which is applied to the received signals. The bearing angle and the target frequency are estimated through ESPRIT using the weighted signals. The simulation and experiment results show that the presented method can obtain accurate estimation values under the low SNR with little prior information.     

Simulated annealing algorithm for the optimal translation sequence of the jth agent in rough communication

In rough communication, because each agent has a different language and cannot provide precise communication to each other, the concept translated among multi-agents will loss some information and this results in a less or rougher concept. With different translation sequences, the problem of information loss is varied. To get the translation sequence, in which the jth agent taking part in rough communication gets maximum information, a simulated annealing algorithm is used. Analysis and simulation of this algorithm demonstrate its effectiveness.     

Solution for polarimetric radar cross section measurement and calibration

The exact radar cross-section （RCS） measurement is difficult when the scattering of targets is low. Ful polarimetric cali-bration is one technique that offers the potential for improving the accuracy of RCS measurements. There are numerous polarimetric calibration algorithms. Some complex expressions in these algo-rithms cannot be easily used in an engineering practice. A radar polarimetric coefficients matrix （RPCM） with a simpler expression is presented for the monostatic radar polarization scattering matrix （PSM） measurement. Using a rhombic dihedral corner reflector and a metal ic sphere, the RPCM can be obtained by solving a set of equations, which can be used to find the true PSM for any target. An example for the PSM of a metal ic dish shows that the proposed method obviously improves the accuracy of cross-polarized RCS measurements.     

Cipher quasi-chaotic code for frequency hopping communications

The chaotic frequency hopping (FH) communication systems have been presented so far. The chaotic sequences possesses good randomness and sensitive dependence on initial conditions, which is quite advantageous to run the FH codes in code-division multiple access (CDMA) systems. But the finite precision of computation and the fact of the low-dimensional chaos predicted easily cause difficulty in chaotic application. In this paper, some disadvantages associated with the conventional FH codes and the chaotic code scrambled by m-sequences are reviewed briefly. In order to overcome these drawbacks to some extents, a new higher performance FH code called cipher quasi-chaotic (CQC) code is proposed, which is generated by combining the clock-controlled stream cipher technique and chaotic dynamics. Performance analysis applying in FH communication systems of this kind of code is given. The privacy of the CQC sequence is also analyzed.     

卫星导航系统点波束功率增强信号参数优化设计

导航卫星面向特定区域播发点波束功率增强信号, 是提高导航信号抗干扰性能的一种有效措施。针对点波束功率增强信号具有波束宽度窄、指向可变的特点, 研究了信号功率增强幅度、半波束角和扫描角等工作参数对覆盖性能的影响。分析结果表明, 功率增强幅度在0~20 dB变化时, 等效载噪比线性增加, 具有最好的增强效果。当高轨地球同步轨道(geosynchronous earth orbit, GEO)/倾斜地球同步轨道(inclined geosynchronous earth orbit, IGSO)卫星和中轨道(medium earth orbit, MEO)天线半波束角分别为0.86°和1.31°时, 在卫星发射总功率不变的条件下可实现20 dB的点波束功率增强, 对应的作用区半径分别为542 km和494 km。当GEO/IGSO卫星和MEO卫星天线扫描角分别取7.79°和11.90°时, 最大功率增强覆盖范围半径可达到9 046 km和8 538 km。     

基于并行单星约束的导航抗干扰研究

在全球定位系统中使用空时自适应处理算法可以增强接收机的抗干扰性能,为防止算法对卫星信号的衰减,可通过约束条件对卫星信号进行保护,传统的单星约束可以保证每颗卫星输出信噪比最大,但运算量很大。虽然多星约束可以使所有卫星的综合输出性能最优,且减少了运算量,但无法保证单颗卫星的输出信噪比性能。对空时自适应处理算法进行了合理简化,提出了并行单星约束算法,与多星约束相比,所提算法不仅运算量更小,还可保证每颗卫星输出信噪比最大。仿真结果表明,所提算法在对干扰信号进行抑制的同时,有效地实现了对多颗卫星信号的保护。     

变极化技术抗干扰效能分析

针对变极化技术抗干扰的效能评估问题,以变极化技术抗单一积极干扰效能的评估方法为基础,分析了雷达探测区存在两个线性极化干扰波时变极化技术的抗干扰效能,得出了极化抗干扰得益与两干扰能量比以及极化状态点球半径夹角之间的定量关系。并进一步讨论了雷达探测区存在两个任意极化干扰波以及多个任意极化干扰波时的抗干扰评估方法。实验结果表明,变极化技术抗单一极化有源干扰得益大于20 dB,变极化技术抗复合积极干扰得益大于3 dB。     

同构双基地雷达星座优化设计

通过对卫星的轨道特性、星座中卫星间的相对运动规律以及对地覆盖特性的研究,推导了星载单基地和双基地雷达探测区域计算公式,分析了双基地角和目标前向散射区域与卫星相对位置的关系。基于星座固有的空间约束条件,讨论了由于平台运动引起的地杂波多普勒频率扩展与卫星飞行的几何关系。最后,分析了系统性能与星座构型参数和卫星轨道根数的关系,提出了利用逆向运行极轨道同构星座作为多基地雷达星座的基本构型,并针对该构型星座提出了一套优化设计方法并给出了设计实例。     

交叉极化角欺骗干扰的极化抑制方法研究

针对交叉极化角度欺骗干扰的对抗问题,提出了一种利用极化信息进行识别并抑制干扰的措施和方法。首先分析了单脉冲雷达测角和交叉极化角度欺骗干扰的基本原理,然后给出了单脉冲极化雷达的角度测量算法;在此基础上,利用交叉极化干扰在雷达测角系统中不同极化通道响应函数的差异,提出了具有自动识别与抑制交叉极化干扰的实用角度测量算法,给出了应用该算法的具体步骤,理论分析和计算机仿真均证实了此算法的正确性和有效性。     

面向星上的云层探测与规避算法

为避免在遥感卫星成像过程中,因云层遮挡影响光学卫星得到有效的地面目标信息,提出面向星上的云层探测和规避算法。首先利用自适应阈值分割目标和背景,并对分割后的二值图像进行标记,然后提出形状复杂度的概念并计算各连通域的形状复杂度,设定阈值后提取云层区域。建立了卫星轨道空间坐标系和规避云层的模型,推导了敏捷卫星姿态角调整公式,设计了卫星组网通过星间通讯在可见窗口观测目标的方案。通过实验与仿真得出该算法检测云层时间在168~281 ms范围内,正确率为89%,卫星数据利用率在两组轨道参数下分别提高18.15%和22.21%。基本能够将准确度和实时性指标有效结合,并缓解了遥感图像海量数据对传输通道的压力。     

低轨卫星物联网场景下基于吸引子选择算法的多星负载均衡算法

低地球轨道(low earth orbit, LEO)卫星物联网系统中由于低轨卫星的高速运动,导致卫星波束覆盖范围内节点业务模型在空间和时间两个维度呈现不均匀性和时变性。针对这一特征,提出一种空时二维卫星物联网业务模型,在空间维度采用网格划分的方法确定不同地理环境下节点密度和坐标位置,在时间维度采用贝塔分布进行建模,从而实现LEO卫星物联网业务模型空时两个维度的建模。在此基础上,针对未来LEO卫星星座多星覆盖的场景,提出一种基于吸引子模型的多星负载均衡算法,卫星侧通过负载估计算法估计各个卫星的活性度,节点侧结合接入不同卫星的俯仰角等参数采用多属性决策算法估计不同卫星对于节点的设备满意度,在LEO卫星高动态环境下使得卫星的网络活性度保持一种动态的平衡。仿真结果表明,相比于传统的基于最高优先级的接入策略,所提算法在单星业务峰均比、系统资源利用率、随机接入性能等方面有了显著的提高。     

混合式微小卫星编队飞行控制仿真系统设计

提出了一种混合式的微小卫星编队飞行控制仿真系统。该系统由三个节点组成,即两个模拟卫星和一个控制中心,节点之间通过星间网络进行数据交换。模拟卫星由星上计算机和各种星上敏感器和模拟执行器构成。星上计算机接收星上敏感器的物理输出,并经过星地转换模型对传感器数据进行修正。在一定的控制策略下,卫星控制模型进行计算产生控制输出,控制输出在控制界面上进行显示,并同时作用于传感器修正模块,实现系统的闭环控制。控制中心主要提供强大的计算功能,也可以单独构成一颗数字卫星。在这个控制仿真系统中,能够进行多种控制策略的仿真,包括双星主从控制、双星协同控制、三星主从控制、三星协同控制以及单星失效模式等。     

空间通信设施模型与仿真

由于技术进步，各空间机构广泛的合作以及商用空间领域的开展，使空间任务变得复杂多样。通过以往地面站和卫星跟踪系统已经难以适应今后空间呈现出的由卫星群、空间站、航天飞机以及各类探测传感器网络构成的复杂的通信格局，从而迫切需要建立空间通信基础设施来为空间任务提供通信服务。通过对空间任务通信需求和特点进行分析，结合目前卫星通信技术的现状，提出一种环状层次可扩展的空间通信基础设施构架，并对其进行了分析仿真证明其合理性．     

Scheme of adaptive polarization filtering based on Kalman model

1.INTRODUCTIONIn modern high technology war,the electroniccounter measures(ECM)and precise guidance tech-nology are rapidly developed and becoming the re-search hotspot of militarysciencefor all the countries.The guidance missiles are the main weapons andhigher anti-jamming ability and guidance precision arerequired for guidance radar.For the active mono-pulse guidance radar,the angle information of thetarget is obtained by usingthe angle measured methodof amplitude sum/difference or pha…