旋风分离器分离空间流场的理论分析

针对旋风分离器内流场特点,运用代数涡粘模式,给出了描述分离器内流体运动的简化方程.用假设轴向或径向速度分布函数形式的方法,求得了与测量结果较为一致的三维速度半理论解.边壁速度和内外旋流分界面位置分别用入口收缩系数和最小压降原理确定.分析了湍流特征尺度--普朗特混合长度和柯莫格罗夫尺度的分布规律.结果表明,湍流特征尺度的理论计算结果与实验结果吻合较好.     

用流函数分析平面轧制问题

给出了一种用流函数求解理想刚塑性材料的平面应变轧制的方法。速度场被分解为基础速度场和附加速度场。基础速度场满足边界上给定的速度条件,附加速度场满足齐次边界条件。与这两部分速度场相对应,有基础流函数和附加流函数。基础流函数可以确定地写出,附加流函数则借助于Weierstrass定理写成完备空间的向量族,即多项式。通过使全功率极小化,可以将多项式系数确定。用这一方法求得了速度场、应力场、塑性区前后边界,接触弧上中性点的位置和轧制单位压力,并与工程方法的计算结果作了比较。     

基于边界标记的目标形状描述方法及其应用

利用相对于重心的距离展开函数,研究一种基于边界标记的运动目标的形状描述方法,该方法既能解决运动目标的平移、缩放和旋转不变性,又能很好地描述形状复杂的运动目标(存在空洞、边界不规则等);在利用运动的合成和分解、运动相对性原理等物体运动学规律的基础上,还可以很好地实现运动目标的碰撞预测。仿真实验表明,该方法能够有效预测两个具有不同速度和不同方向的运动物体是否发生碰撞。     

射流冲击冷却过程的数值研究

由于冲击射流流场较为复杂,为准确描述其流动和换热过程,需要选择合适的湍流模型和壁面函数.分别采用κ-ε模型(Standard,RNG和Realizable)、κ-ω模型(Standard和SST)和低雷诺数模型(AB,AKN,CHC,YS,LB,LS和YS)进行对比计算.对于壁面区域,考察了标准壁面函数、尺度化壁面函数、非平衡壁面函数和增强型壁面函数的影响.探讨了速度场和湍动能场的分布规律,获得了与实验一致的结果,为今后活塞底部喷油冷却的数值模拟提供基础.     

刚塑性有限元求解板带轧制过程的初速度场

用可压缩刚塑性有限元法,通过自行开发的计算程序对板带轧制过程进行了二维非线性求解.在保证计算精度的情况下,以缩短计算时间为目标,研究了初等方法、G函数法和改进细化网格法设定初速度场对计算时间和计算结果的影响.结果表明:轧制力计算结果和实测值吻合良好,满足精度要求;初等方法、G函数法和改进细化网格法的计算结果相对误差不超过3%,初速度场设定对轧制力求解影响较小;G函数法和改进细化网格法相对初等方法迭代步数较少,由于需要求解方程组,G函数法设定初速度场计算时间最长;改进细化网格法在保证计算精度情况下,减少了迭代步数,缩短了计算时间,提高了计算效率和求解稳定性.     

超声衍射CT计算公式的改进及其在微机上的实现

超声ＣＴ与Ｘ－ＣＴ的一个重要区别是在通常所用频率范围内物体对声波衍射和反射效应显。本根据被层析成象物体内部各点是次级声源的基本事实，从非均匀介质波动方程出发，在Ｂｏｒｎ近拟下，应用广义Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ切片定理和Ｇｒｅｅｎ函数，并引入相移因子，将驼算的参考点取在目标物体上，对散射波原有计算公式作相应变化，导出目标函数与散射场之间的解析关系以及在实际计算时能大大减少重复运算，提高计算程度、缩短处理时     

运动物体速度场估计的新方法

本文提出了一种具有一定应用价值的运动物体速度场的计算方法。本算法避开了现有的一些算法所遇到的图像分割问题，用一种类Ｈｏｐｆｉｅｌｄ神经网模型实现局部图像的Ｇａｂｏｒ分解，得到分解系数，对用Ｇａｂｏｒ基函数和式形式表示的图像进行傅立叶变换，求出其频谱不为零的点，并由这些点约束的平面方程求出速度。神经元网络的应用，缩短了优化计算所需时间而不降低计算精度。本算法在ＡＳＴ－３８６微机上进行了实现。     

边界元法中对称面条件处理的场点映射法

本文充分利用了格林函数本身的对称性和互易性,建立了更完善、更有效的对称面条件处理的场点映射法.它用对称面把物体分成基本体和非基本体,通过作场点 p 关于对表面的映射,来正确反映非基本体的影响,计算仅需离散基本体的原有物体表面(不包含对称面).与其他方法相比,本方法不受无限域的影响,不会带来附加的奇异性和新的棱边角点;仅与场点有关而与单元特性无关,因此,完全适合在高阶边界元中使用.     

DC—EAES—LF熔池电弧电渣加热过程的三维数值模拟

建立了非规范正交曲线坐标系下ＤＣ－ＥＡＥＳ－ＬＦ炉电弧电渣加热过程三维数学模型，并进行了联立耦合求解：速度场计算使用了矢性流函数方程的涡量输运方程；湍流模型采用引入Ｒｅｃｈａｒｄｓｏｎ浮力修正贡的ｋ－ε双方程模型；温度场用非定常能量输运方程描述。现场测量的温度场与预报结果基本一致。     

快速非匀质图像分割方法

针对灰度非匀质图像分割困难及效率低下的问题,提出一种基于局部区域活动轮廓模型快速分割方法.该方法结合核函数和割测度定义一个新的能量函数.一方面,在中心点被核函数掩模的局部区域内,用邻近点的加权均值拟合数据项能有效处理图像的非匀质分布.另一方面,用割测度逼近的曲线长度作为全局正则性,利于轮廓快速定位于物体边界.最后,在轮廓演化过程中,使用基于栅格图的最大流算法,避免了传统模型计算代价高昂的水平集函数.合成图像和真实图像的实验结果表明,提出的方法能有效快速地分割灰度非匀质图像中的弱边缘物体及多灰阶复杂结构物体;同时,对初始轮廓线位置和噪声具有较好的鲁棒性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that