杭炎药物CCR2拮抗剂的研究进展

CCR2属于G蛋白偶联受体超家族成员,并且是MCP1-4的受体,而MCPI-4是促炎症反应的化学诱导物.CCR2是炎症单核细胞最早的化学催化受体,在T-细胞、树状突细胞和上皮细胞都有表达,通过与配体衔接,CCR2介导炎症细胞移动和激活.CCR2最早的配体MCP-1在人类很多炎症中都会增加,MCP-1和CCR2在人类侵蚀性疾病模型如动脉粥状硬化及多发性硬化症中都起到明显作用.     

N-烯丙基-N-(1-(5-溴-2-(对氯苄基氧基)苄基)-4-哌啶基)苯甲酰胺的合成及表征

趋化因子受体CCR5是HIV-1病毒进入人体细胞的主要辅助受体,CCR5拮抗剂可作为一种靶向制剂,以防治人类HIV-1感染.目前,非肽类小分子化合物CCR5拮抗剂的研究占据主导地位.本文以5-溴水杨醛、4-氯苄氯为原料,通过消去、还原及溴化合成了4-溴-2-溴甲基-1-((4-氯苄基)氧)苯(中间体3),以1-苄基-4-哌啶酮合成了N-烯丙基-N-(4-哌啶基)苯甲酰胺,通过中间体3、中间体7合成了一种有望用作CCR5拮抗剂的新的非肽类小分子化合物N-烯丙基-N-(1-(5-溴-2-(对氯苄基氧基)苄基)-4-哌啶基)苯甲酰胺,该产物有一定的生物活性,并对该产物进行了1 H NMR、13C NMR、IR及MS表征.     

N-烯丙基-N-(1-(5-溴-2-((4-氯苄基)氧基)苄基)-4-哌啶基)吡啶甲酰胺的合成及表征

趋化因子受体CCR5是HIV-1病毒进入人体细胞的主要辅助受体,CCR5拮抗剂可作为一种靶向制剂,以防治人类HIV-1感染.目前,非肽类小分子化合物CCR5拮抗剂的研究占据主导地位.以4-氯苄氯、5-溴水杨醛为原料,通过消去、还原及溴化合成了4-溴-2-溴甲基-1-((4-溴苄基)氧)苯(中间体3),以哌啶-4-酮合成了N-烯丙基-N-(4-哌啶基)吡啶甲酰胺(中间体7),通过中间体3和7合成了一种有望用作CCR5拮抗剂的非肽类小分子化合物N-烯丙基-N-(1-(5-溴-2-((4-氯苄基)氧基)苄基)-4-哌啶基)吡啶甲酰胺,该产物有一定的生物活性,并对该产物进行了1H NMR、13C NMR、IR及MS表征.     

MCP-1和CCR2在SE初期小鼠脑海马中的表达变化

为了探讨趋化因子MCP-1及其受体CCR2是否参与了SE初期的病理过程,应用SE的匹罗卡品模型,检测SE 30min、SE 1h、SE 2h和SE 1d时,MCP-1及其受体CCR2的mRNA在小鼠海马的表达情况.结果显示,MCP-1及其受体CCR2在小鼠海马组成型表达.与对照组相比,SE 1h时,MCP-1在海马CA1区显著下调(P 0.01);SE 1d时,CCR2在CA3区显著下调(P 0.05).结果说明,MCP-1及其受体CCR2在成年小鼠海马的活动中具有重要的生理功能;MCP-1/CCR2的下调与SE初期病理过程相关,可能由于下调导致了它们的神经保护作用减弱.     

基于生态环境下的省会城市交通效率研究

为提高交通资源利用效率,根据全国30个城市近十年的数据,从投入产出角度出发,以CO2排放量作为非期望产出,采用CCR和SBM两种方法进行对比研究.研究结果表明:SBM模型下的效率值普遍低于CCR模型下的效率,SBM测度的结果更符合实际;大多数城市的碳效率是低效的,没有达到生态交通这一标准.     

4-哌啶基苯磺酰胺衍生物拮抗剂的合成及表征

趋化因子受体CCR5可作为一种可利用的新靶点,以防治人类HIV感染,非肽类小分子化合物CCR5拮抗剂的研究占居主导地位.本文以5-溴水杨醛、4-氯苄氯为原料,通过消去、还原及溴化合成了4-溴-2-溴甲基-1-((4-溴苄基)氧)苯(III),以1-苄基-4-哌啶酮合成了4-甲基-N-丙基-N-(4-哌啶基)苯磺酰胺(IV),通过III、IV合成了一种新的非肽类小分子化合物CCR5拮抗剂N-(5-溴-2-(对氯苄基氧基)苄基)-4-哌啶基)-4-甲基-N-丙基-苯磺酰胺,并对该产物进行了1H NMR、13C NMR及MS表征.     

新疆维吾尔族HIV高危人群OOR5△32多态性与艾滋病的关系

为检测HIV-1感染相关基因CCR5Δ32在新疆维族HIV高危人群中基因突变频率,探讨CCR5Δ32基因突变与新疆维族HIV高危人群感染艾滋病的关系.以470名维族HIV高危人群(经Western印迹法确诊HIV阳性246人,HIV阴性224人)为研究对象,抽提全血基因组DNA,多重PCR扩增,多重LDR反应,用测序仪检测CCR5Δ32的突变频率.结果:本研究在维族HIV高危人群中检测出CCR5Δ32纯合子突变2例(其中HIV阳性1例,HIV阴性1例),CCR5Δ32杂合子突变38例(HIV阳性24例,HIV阴性14例).维族HIV高危人群中CCR5Δ32基因突变频率为4.47%,其基因突变在维族HIV高危人群中,HIV阳性和HIV阴性人群组分布差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).在不同性别的维族HIV高危人群中分布差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).CCR5Δ32的突变频率在不同接触类型的高危人群中分布差异有统计学意义(P＜ 0.05).结论:新疆维族HIV高危人群中CCR5Δ32基因突变频率明显高于中国其他民族人群,高暴露环境是艾滋病在新疆地区的高流行的主要原因.     

N-(1-(5-溴-2-((4-氯苄基)氧基)苄基)哌啶-4-基)-3-氯-N-乙基苯甲酰胺的合成及表征

CCR5作为一种可利用的新靶点,用以防治人类HIV感染.以5-溴水杨醛、4-氯苄氯为原料,通过消去、还原及溴化合成了4-溴-2-溴甲基-1-((4-氯苄基)氧)苯(Ⅲ),以哌啶-4-酮为原料合成了3-氯-N-乙基-N-(4-哌啶基)苯甲酰胺(Ⅳ),通过Ⅲ、Ⅳ合成了一种新的非肽类小分子化合物CCR5拮抗剂N-(1-(5-溴-2-((4-氯苄基)氧基)苄基)哌啶-4-基)-3-氯-N-乙基苯甲酰胺,并对该产物进行了1HNMR、13CNMR及MS表征.     

抗炎药物CCR2拮抗剂的研究进展

CCR2属于G蛋白偶联受体超家族成员,并且是MCP1-4的受体,而MCP1-4是促炎症反应的化学诱导物。CCR2是炎症单核细胞最早的化学催化受体,在T-细胞、树状突细胞和上皮细胞都有表达,通过与配体衔接,CCR2介导炎症细胞移动和激活。     

MCP-1、CCR2与动脉粥样硬化研究进展

动脉粥样硬化(AS)是一种慢性炎症性疾病,近年来越来越多的证据表明单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)及其受体CCR2在AS发生和发展过程中具有重要的意义。     

Polymorphisms of chemokine receptors and its ligand alleles influencing genetic susceptibity to HIV-1 infection in eight ethnic groups in Chinese mainland

Limited genetic information is available concerning the polymorphisms of HIV-1 resistant genes in indigenous Chinese populations. The aim of this study is to identify the allelic frequencies of the chemokine and chemokine receptor genes in the Chinese mainland. Genomic DNA samples extracted from whole blood of 2318 subjects were analyzed by using PCR or PCR/restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assays, and further confirmed by direct DNA sequencing. Higher frequencies of mutant CCR2-64I (19.15%—28.79%) and SDF1-3’A (19.10%—29.86%) alleles were found in subjects of 8 ethnic groups in the Chinese mainland. In contrast, the △32 mutation in CCR5 gene occurs at a very low frequency (0.0016, n=1287) in Han population. A relatively high frequency of CCR5- wt/D32 heterozygotes was observed in Uygurian and Mongolian populations. No △32 mutation allele was detected in Tibetan and other 4 ethnic groups in Yunnan Province. There was no CCR5-m303 mutation in subjects of any ethnic group in the Chinese mainland. Our results suggest that the CCR5-△32 mutation is not a major resistant factor against HIV-1 infection and disease progression in Han, Tibetan and other ethnic groups in Yunnan Province. Whether higher frequencies of CCR2-64I and SDF1-3′A alleles constitute major genetic resistant factors or not remains to be clarified.     

Glycoprotein C of herpes simplex virus 1 acts as a receptor for the C3b complement component on infected cells

Receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulins or for the third component of complement (C3) are present on a variety of circulating and fixed tissue cells including granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes and glomerular epithelial cells. Cells which lack Fc receptors may express them after infection by herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1, HSV-2, cytomegalovirus or varicella zoster virus. We recently reported that infection by HSV-1 induces both Fc and C3 receptors on human endothelial cells. Glycoprotein E of HSV-1 has been shown to function as an Fc receptor. We now demonstrate that glycoprotein C (gC) of HSV-1 functions as a C3b receptor. This receptor appears following HSV-1, but not HSV-2, infection. Detection of the C3b receptor is blocked by monoclonal antibodies to glycoprotein C (gC) of HSV-1, but not by monoclonal antibodies to other HSV-1 glycoproteins. In addition, the MP mutant of HSV-1, which lacks gC, fails to express a C3b receptor. These results assign a new function of gC of HSV-1 and demonstrate potentially important differences between HSV-1 and HSV-2 glycoproteins.     

Protection of macaques from vaginal SHIV challenge by vaginally delivered inhibitors of virus-cell fusion

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) continues to spread, principally by heterosexual sex, but no vaccine is available. Hence, alternative prevention methods are needed to supplement educational and behavioural-modification programmes. One such approach is a vaginal microbicide: the application of inhibitory compounds before intercourse. Here, we have evaluated the microbicide concept using the rhesus macaque 'high dose' vaginal transmission model with a CCR5-receptor-using simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV-162P3) and three compounds that inhibit different stages of the virus-cell attachment and entry process. These compounds are BMS-378806, a small molecule that binds the viral gp120 glycoprotein and prevents its attachment to the CD4 and CCR5 receptors, CMPD167, a small molecule that binds to CCR5 to inhibit gp120 association, and C52L, a bacterially expressed peptide inhibitor of gp41-mediated fusion. In vitro, all three compounds inhibit infection of T cells and cervical tissue explants, and C52L acts synergistically with CMPD167 or BMS-378806 to inhibit infection of cell lines. In vivo, significant protection was achieved using each compound alone and in combinations. CMPD167 and BMS-378806 were protective even when applied 6 h before challenge.     

基于低氧-免疫DNA甲基化标记在肺腺癌预后中的开发

为了探究缺氧和免疫联合分析DNA甲基化位点在肺癌预后中的作用，提高肺癌免疫治疗的有效性，本研究基于甲基化和转录组二维数据，构建了一个用于预后评估的风险评分模型．从TCGA数据库中下载了247个与缺氧、免疫状态相关的去冗余肺癌样本作为训练集．然后对低缺氧-强免疫状态的样本、高缺氧-弱免疫状态的样本进行了差异基因表达、甲基化位点和临床生存率分析．生存曲线分析显示，低缺氧状态-强免疫状态组中的肺腺癌患者的1、3、5年生存率均优于高缺氧状态-弱免疫状态组（log-rank检验，P<0.05、P<0.001、P<0.001）．使用LASSO回归构建的多基因预后模型包含9个甲基化位点，在肺腺癌测试数据集和验证数据集中均显示出良好的预后预测能力（AUC=0.83,0.80,0.82）．这9个甲基化位点分别分布在PEBP4、FLI1、HLA-DMB、MYO1F、ABCC2、AKNA、ETS1、CCR7和TXNRD1基因上．此外，我们从5年生存曲线中发现，在低缺氧-强免疫状态组中高表达的PEBP4、CCR7、FLI1、AKNA、HLA-DMB、MYO1F和低表达的ABCC2基因也可作为...     

Skewed maturation of memory HIV-specific CD8 T lymphocytes

Understanding the lineage differentiation of memory T cells is a central question in immunology. We investigated this issue by analysing the expression of the chemokine receptor CCR7, which defines distinct subsets of naive and memory T lymphocytes with different homing and effector capacities and antiviral immune responses to HIV and cytomegalovirus. Ex vivo analysis of the expression of CD45RA and CCR7 antigens, together with in vitro analysis of the cell-division capacity of different memory CD8+ T-cell populations, identified four subsets of HIV- and CMV-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes, and indicated the following lineage differentiation pattern: CD45RA+ CCR7+ --> CD45RA- CCR7+ --> CD45RA- CCR7- --> CD45RA+ CCR7-. Here we demonstrate through analysis of cell division (predominantly restricted to the CCR7+ CD8+ T-cell subsets) that the differentiation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells is a two-step process characterized initially by a phase of proliferation largely restricted to the CCR7+ CD8+ cell subsets, followed by a phase of functional maturation encompassing the CCR7- CD8+ cell subsets. The distribution of these populations in HIV- and CMV-specific CD8+ T cells showed that the HIV-specific cell pool was predominantly (70%) composed of pre-terminally differentiated CD45RA- CCR7- cells, whereas the CMV-specific cell pool consisted mainly (50%) of the terminally differentiated CD45RA+ CCR7- cells. These results demonstrate a skewed maturation of HIV-specific memory CD8+ T cells during HIV infection.     

Viral MIPα homologous with human MIP-1α acts on HIV co-receptor CCR5

The function and usage of vMIPa encoded by K6 gene of herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) which has homology with human macrophage protein (MIP) have not been clearly known. In the present note the K6 gene of HHV8 was cloned and transfected into NIH3T3 cells and E. coli cells. Conditional media from the 3T3-transfected cells and K6 product vMIPa from E. coli . Cells were used to perform the experiments of ligand-receptor binding and cellular adhesion with peripheral blood macrophages. The conditional media and the purified vMIPa from E. coli could compete to bind to CCR5 located on macrophages from peripheral blood with I¹²⁵-hMIP-1a chemokine of human. Cellular adhesion showed that the conditional media from transfected cells and the purified vMIPa did not induce the adhesion of macrophages from peripheral blood to ICAM-1. In conclusion, vMIPa encoded by K6 gene of HHV8 can bind to CCR5 of peripheral blood macrophage cells and does not induce their adhesion. This suggests that vMIPa enclosed CCR5, also known as HIV co-receptor, may be used to prevent and treat HIV infection.     

N-(1-(5-溴-2-((对氯苄基)氧基)苄基)-4-哌啶基)-N-乙基苯甲酰胺的合成及表征

以对氯苄氯、5-溴水杨醛为原料,通过消去、还原及溴化合成了4-溴-2-溴甲基-1-((4-氯苄基)氧)苯(Ⅲ),以1-苄基-4-哌啶酮合成了N-乙基-N-(4-哌啶基)苯甲酰胺(Ⅳ),通过Ⅲ、Ⅳ反应得到了一种新的非肽类CCR5拮抗N-(1-(5-溴-2-((对氯苄基)氧基)苄基)-4-哌啶基)-N-乙基苯甲酰胺,并对该产物进行了MS、13CNMR及1HNMR表征.     

基于BIM与本体技术的建筑图规则审查方法研究

基于BIM与本体的自动化审图在智能建造领域具有重要价值,已有研究多为针对特定规范的审图工具开发,缺乏对规则的系统性、结构化分析及BIM数据映射的构建.以28个建筑设计及绿色建筑国家规范为研究对象,分析其审查规则的定义方式,得出具有统计意义的规则分类,构建基于IFC标准的表达模型.对于模型信息缺失,提出基于本体与IFC属性集扩展实现语义丰富的方法,以建筑设计规范为分析对象,将基于BIM模型图的审查流程进行了优化.以档案馆建筑设计规范中的审图规则与某档案馆工程BIM模型为实例进行了该优化流程的演示与验证.     

欧拉不等式在信息安全中的应用(英文)

我们熟知欧拉不等式2r≤R 2 3r≤ 3R本文得到①欧拉不等式的的平均值插入2 3r≤ (abc) 13 ≤ 13(a +b+c)≤ 3R②欧拉不等式的广义积分插入2 3r≤ (abc) 13 ≤ p∫+∞0[(a+x) (b+x) (c +x) ]-(p+1)3 dx -1P ≤ 13(a+b +c) ≤ 3R③欧拉不等式的无限多个广义积分插入2 3r≤ (abc) 13 ≤J(a、b、c;p) ≤J(a、b、c ;p、li、λk)≤ 13(a +b+c)≤ 3R④随机函数序列在网络中加密的应用。