激光溅射Co等离子体与气相CH3OH团簇的反应

用激光溅射-分子束技术研究了气相中Co等离子体与甲醇分子团簇的反应,观察到了Co+(CH3OH)n、Co+(H2O)(CH3OH)n、H+(CH3OH)n三个种类的团簇离子.实验表明随着激光脉冲能量的增加,Co+(CH3OH)n团簇的尺寸减小,当Co等离子体作用于甲醇分子束的中段时所得到的主要团簇离子Co+(CH3OH)n信号强度最大.     

（C4H5N）n（H2O）m团簇的多光子电离与从头计算

在355nm波长下用激光电离反射式飞行时间质谱装置研究了氢键团族吡咯／水（C4H5N）n（H2O）m的多光子电离，增加分子束混合气体源中吡咯相对浓度，可以观测到较大尺寸的二元团族离子，非质子化团族离子（C4H5N）n（H2O）m^ ，质子化团族离子（C4H5N）n（H2O）mH^ 和脱氢团族离子（C4H5N）n（C4H5N）n（H2O）m^ ，用从头计算方法得到了它们的结构，提出了团族离子形成的机理可能是团簇电离后发生了解离。     

用飞行时间质谱技术研究丙酮的多光子电离

基于飞行时间质谱(TOF)研究了丙酮分子3p里德堡态光谱和丙酮离子的光解离.在320-337nm激光波长范围内,采用线极化双光子共振增强多光子电离技术研究丙酮分子3p里德堡态的的光谱,观察到了新的跃迁谱带.除母体CH3COCH3+离子之外,同时观察到了碎片离子CH3CO+和CH3+.由CH3COCH3+、CH3CO+和CH3+离子信号强度与激光能量的依赖关系导出这些离子产生的光子级数,分别为三光子、四光子、四光子过程.CH3CO+和CH3+是由基态的CH3COCH3+离子再吸收一个光子后裂解产生的.对CH3COCH+3(X)+1.hv→CH3CO++CH3和CH3COCH3+(X)+1.hv→CH3++CH3CO解离通道,分别由CH3CO+和CH3+离子TOF峰形获得了这两个解离通道的平均平动能释放.     

(C4H5N)n(H2O)m团簇的多光子电离与从头计算

在355nm波长下用激光电离反射式飞行时间质谱装置研究了氢键团簇吡咯/水(C₄H₅N)_n(H₂O)_m的多光子电离,增加分子束混合气体源中吡咯相对浓度,可以观测到较大尺寸的二元团簇离子,非质子化团簇离子(C₄H₅N)_n(H₂O)_m+,质子化团簇离子(C₄H₅N)_n(H₂O)_mH+和脱氢团簇离子(C₄H₄N)_n(C₄H₅N)_n(H₂O)_m+.用从头计算方法得到它们的结构.提出了团簇离子形成的机理可能是团簇电离后发生了解离.     

对乙酰氨基酚-水复合物中氢键作用的理论研究

为了解对乙酰氨基酚(AP)在水溶液中的构象,在MP2/6-311++G(d,p)水平上研究了AP与水分子通过不同种氢键作用形成的6种AP-H2O复合物.首先分析这些复合物的几何结构、能量和振动频率,然后运用分子中原子的量子理论(QTAIM)、自然键轨道理论(NBO)和定域分子轨道-能量分解分析(LMO-EDA)等理论和方法对AP-H_2O复合物中的氢键相互作用进行定性和定量分析.研究结果表明:(1)AP分子中的—CH基团与羰基氧原子之间形成的C8H8A···O2A分子内氢键在多数AP-H_2O复合物中被保留下来;(2)AW1和AW6中的分子间氢键强于其他氢键;(3)AP的羰基氧原子是最有可能与H_2O分子形成氢键的位点,第2个最有可能与H_2O分子形成氢键的位点是AP的酚羟基,前者中H_2O是质子供体,而后者中H_2O则是质子受体;(4)AP-H_2O的形成过程中,氢键作用与结构畸变都会在一定程度上决定AP-H_2O复合物的相对稳定性,但前者的作用更大.     

[MnⅡMn2Ⅲ(H2L)2(CH3COO)4(CH3OH)2]·H2O·CH3OH的合成与晶体结构

以水杨醛缩三羟甲基氨基甲烷(H4L)为配体,分别与简单锰盐、低核锰簇反应,都得到三核锰配合物[MnⅡMn2Ⅲ(H2L)2(CH3COO)4(CH3OH)2]·H2O·CH3OH,并用红外光谱和单晶衍射对其进行了表征.晶体结构分析表明,4个醋酸根的氧原子和2个希夫碱分子的烷氧基氧共同桥联3个金属离子,形成一个三核结构的配合物.分子之间通过氢键作用,形成二维超分子结构.     

C6H5O─H…X分子间氢键的理论研究

在B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,2p)理论水平上,对C6H5O─H…X(X=H2O、HCOH、CH3COCH3、NH3、CH2NH、HCN)氢键体系进行几何结构优化与振动频率计算,利用计算所得的稳定构型,在相同基组水平上进行自然键轨道(NBO)分析,同时应用AIM 2000程序计算6个复合物中氢键临界点的拓扑参数.结果表明,C6H5O─H…X体系存在较强的O─H…O与O─H…N氢键,氢键的形成使H─O伸缩振动频率明显红移.氢键相互作用的稳定化能主要来源于O、N原子的孤对电子和电子受体C6H5OH中参与形成氢键的O─H反键轨道相互作用.AIM分析得到C6H5O─H…X复合物中氢键相互作用以静电作用占主导地位.     

南极冰表面上ClONO_2与Cl~-的反应机理研究

采用密度泛函理论计算方法B3LYP和基组6-31G(d,p),对ClONO2 Cl-(H2O)n→Cl2 NO-3(H2O)n(n=0,1,2)的反应机理进行了理论计算研究.研究发现,随着参与反应的水分子数n的增加,反应活化能垒降低.计算结果表明,在冰表面上,水一方面通过氢键的参与形成环形团簇复合物降低活化能;另一方面,水分子作为桥,辅助分子间质子发生迁移,加快反应进程,对反应起到一定的催化作用.这与实验观察到的结果相一致.     

SiH_n(n=1-4)和Si_2H_n(n=2-6)的结构和光吸收谱第一性原理研究

采用密度泛函理论的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法和基于含时密度泛函理论的赝势平面波方法,结合含时局域密度近似,计算了SiHn(n=1-4)和Si2H6分子团簇结构和光吸收谱,结果与现有实验值相一致.并从理论上预测了Si2H2-5的团簇结构,同时为实验提供了Si2H2-5光吸收特征谱.对Si-H分子团簇结构研究表明:随着H含量提高,SiHn分子对称性有所提高,Si2Hn分子中原子数目为偶数的对称性较好.对于Si1-2Hn分子团簇,光吸收谱能隙随着n的增大整体而呈增大趋势,且不同分子团簇结构的吸收峰对应不同位置和形状.     

(NH3)2(H2O)3稳定结构的探究

用密度泛函方法(DFT/B3LYP)在6-31G(d)和6-311++G(d,p)基组水平上逐级对(NH3)2(H2O)3团簇进行结构优化和频率计算.(NH3)2(H2O)3的初始结构取自经验势模型的大量可能构型中的51个稳定性较好的构型,最终得到了B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)水平上的15种稳定结构,用二级微扰方法(M(o)ller-Plessett/MP2)计算了这15种结构的能量.结果发现:(NH3)2(H2O)3的五边形环状平面结构的稳定性最好;同族构型中氨分子相距越远的结构能量越低越稳定.(NH3)2(H2O)3团簇中氨分子间形成的氢键平均键长较长,其次是氨与水分子间的氢键,水分子间的氢键平均键长较短,进一步证明氨分子问的氢键较弱,氨水分子间居中,水分间的氢键最强.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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