利用LB技术获得金纳米粒子二维结构

首先制备镉离子的LB单层膜,将硫化氢气体通人LB膜,并与之反应生成硫化镉纳米微粒,再与氯金酸发生氧化还原反应,形成金纳米粒子二维结构．AFM表征显示,所生成的金纳米粒子是单层结构,粒径为10nm左右,XPS结果表明,硫化镉与氯金酸反应生成单质金的二维纳米结构．     

A multiple-labelling method for cells using Au nanoparticles with different shapes

An important and difficult issue is simultaneously identifying the detailed locations of various molecules on the cell surface, as this identification requires a synergistic effect between more than one molecule in a living cell. Au nanoparticles (NPs) with different shapes can be readily recognised under low vacuum scanning electron microscopy (lvSEM). Anisotropic Au nanorods (NRs) possess unique surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties, which can be further utilised for two photon luminescence (TPL) and other optical imaging techniques. In this paper, Au NRs and Au nanooctahedra (Au NOs) are introduced as biomarkers for ICAM-1 and Integrin β1. Combined with the advantages of lvSEM, this multiple-labelling method is a new method for studying the interactions between specific, functional molecules.     

CdS纳米材料的合成及其光催化性质的研究

通过将单一来源前驱物——二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸镉(Cd-DDTC)分别在乙二醇和乙二胺溶剂中分解,得到CdS纳米颗粒与纳米棒.利用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)等分析测试手段对所得的产物进行表征.所制备的CdS纳米颗粒与纳米棒对罗丹明B(RhB)均有不错的光催化降解效果,但表现出两种不同的催化降解路径.在CdS纳米颗粒催化下RhB表现出在很短时间内发生了快速的蓝移现象(波长从553nm蓝移到498nm).文中分析了两种CdS导致不同催化路径的可能原因.     

亲油性金纳米粒子的制备及表征

利用相转移法合成了在有机溶剂中有很好分散性的十二胺表面修饰金纳米粒子。通过调节金盐与十二胺的物质的量比可以得到不同尺寸分布的金纳米粒子,其中刀（金盐）：n（十二胺）=1：10时,平均粒径最小,并且以选择性沉淀分离法将其分离成尺寸不同、接近单分散的3部分：运用紫外可见光谱（UV-vis）,红外光谱（IR）、X-射线衍射（XRD）和透射电镜（TEM）对金纳米粒子进行了相关表征和分析。     

化学还原法制备金纳米棒及其光学性质研究

在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵形成的双分子层胶体溶液中，利用种子生长的方法，控制硝酸银添加物制备纵横比不同金纳米棒．在表面活性剂作用下，金种沿着[100]方向生长，其它方向受限生长，形成各向异性的纳米结构．根据实验结果，利用时域有限差分方法模拟金纳米棒的生长，选择折射率为1．33，探索金纳米棒光学吸收谱，较好符合了实验结果．     

Size-dependent optical properties of Au nanorods

In the fast evolving field of nanoscience and nanotechnology,where size and shape are crucial in deciding the optoelectronic properties of nanomaterials,the understanding of size and shape dependent behavior is of direct relevance to device applications.Present study reports the synthesis of Au nanorods with well controlled aspect ratios,and the influence of the aspect ratio on the surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) activity using crystal violet(CV) as the probe molecule.The influence of pH and the concentrations of reducing agent and Ag ions in controlling the aspect ratio of gold nanorods are also investigated.The structural and optical properties of the synthesized samples have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy.The nonlinear optical(NLO) transmission of the Au nanorods investigated using the open aperture Z-scan technique revealed the absorption saturation followed by an optical limiting behavior,which may find potential applications in optoelectronic nanodevices.     

Au, Ag and Au:Ag colloidal nanoparticles synthesized by pulsed laser ablation as SERS substrates

Chemically pure colloidal suspensions of gold and silver nanoparticles were synthesized using pulsed laser ablation.The dependence of laser fl uence on the surface plasmon characteristics of the nanoparticles was investigated.Au:Ag colloidal suspensions were prepared by mixing highly monodisperse Au and Ag nanocolloids.The plasmon band of these mixtures was found to be highly sensitive to Au:Ag concentration ratio and wavelength of the laser beam used in the ablation process.The Au:Ag mixture consists of almost spherical shaped nanostructures with a tendency to join with adjacent ones.The surface enhanced Raman scattering activity of the Au,Ag and Au:Ag colloidal suspensions was tested using crystal violet as probe molecules.Enhancement in Raman signal obtained with Au:Ag substrates was found to be promising and strongly depends on its plasmon characteristics.     

金/二氧化硅中空核壳纳米球的制备与表征

采用水热反应法和正硅酸乙酯水解法制备出核壳结构的Au/C纳米球颗粒以及夹层结构的Au/C/SiO<,2>纳米球颗粒,在空气中锻烧将Au/C/SiO<,2>夹层结构中的碳层除去,得到内部带有可移动纳米金核、壳层厚度约为20 nM的中空Au/SiO<,2>纳米球颗粒.用透射电子显微镜对所制得的纳米微球的形貌进行表征,并用红...     

单分散水性硫普罗宁包覆金纳米粒子可控制备

利用紫外-可见光谱（UV-vis）、X衍射（X-ray Diffraction,XRD）和透射电子显微镜（Transmission Electron Microscope,TEM）等研究小尺寸水溶性金纳米粒子的可控制备.在乙酸和甲醇（体积比为1：6）的混合系统中,通过NaBH4对三水氯金酸还原,将硫普罗宁分子包覆到金纳米粒子表面,得到尺寸可控、稳定的硫普罗宁包覆的金纳米粒子水溶胶.通过控制金与硫普罗宁的摩尔比（Au/S比）,金纳米粒子的尺寸能够在2~8nm范围内得到有效控制.本文中,当Au/S比分别为1：3,1：1和3：1时,所合成的金纳米粒子的尺寸分别为（2.8±0.3）,（4.0±0.3）,（6.1±0.4）nm.     

表面修饰的金纳米粒子的制作及表征

通过硼氢化钠NaBH4还原金氯酸HAuCl4，成功地制作了羧酸酯表面修饰的金纳米粒子，并用丁二酸硫醇作为硫醇配体稳定剂，抑制了纳米粒子的进一步生长，这种方法有效地把粒径控制在纳米范围内并且粒径分布范围小，只需通过一次反应就可大量地制得1－20nm、具有量子效应的纳米料，用X射线衍射仪、透射式电子显微镜和隧道扫描显微镜对这些粒子进行了检测，证实了大量的粒子都是面心立方结构，硫醇配体在金粒子在表面由化学吸附形成一层单分子膜，隧道扫描显微镜观察到了这一层单分子膜。     

连续还原法制备Au/Fe3O4纳米复合粒子

采用共沉淀法制备20～40nm的Fe₃O₄颗粒。在Fe₃O₄悬浮液中分别利用柠檬酸钠单独作为还原剂、四羟甲基氯化磷（THPC）和抗坏血酸共同作为还原剂还原HAuCl₄,生成10～90nm的Au纳米颗粒,形成Au/Fe₃O₄复合颗粒。通过透射电子显微镜和紫外分光光度计对Au/Fe₃O₄进行表征,研究还原剂种类对Au/Fe₃O₄粒径、形貌和分散性的影响,结果表明：柠檬酸钠为还原剂时,生成Au纳米颗粒的反应主要在Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒表面进行,Au纳米颗粒的负载量随柠檬酸钠用量增加而减少,粒径在28.08～77.71nm之间;THPC和抗坏血酸共同作为还原剂时,先在Fe₃O₄ 纳米颗粒表面生成THPC-Au,加入抗坏血酸后生成Au纳米颗粒,粒径在71.44～153.2nm之间。     

镍-磷/金纳米粒子复合化学镀层的研究

在化学镀镍磷溶液中添加金纳米粒子，在基体钢铁上沉积得到镍-磷/金纳米粒子复合镀层. 金纳米粒子在镀液中的浓度为1.0?μmol•L-1. 用扫描电子显微镜，能谱仪，示差扫描热量分析仪，X 射线衍射仪，显微硬度计等仪器对镀层性能进行了分析. 通过EDS分析表明，Ni P镀层中P的质量分数为9.72%，而Ni P/Au镀层中P质量分数为9.29%，金的质量分数为0.93%. 与镍-磷合金镀层相比，纳米复合镀层具有较高的硬度，并且镀层组织致密，孔隙率小，对基体具有更好的保护作用.     

基于植酸胶束制备纳米金及其SERS特性研究

在溶液中用替换法合成稳定的拉曼信号较强的金纳米粒子,即首先以植酸为稳定剂和控型剂,用柠檬酸三钠还原硝酸银合成银纳米粒子,再利用银纳米粒子还原氯金酸,在水溶液中制备金纳米粒子.采用紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、能量散射光谱(EDX)对金纳米粒子的光学性质及形貌结构进行了表征,实验表明合成的金纳米粒子结构均一、分散性好.以罗丹明6G为探针分子,研究了金纳米粒子作为基底的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)效应,结果表明:这种金纳米粒子具有SERS信号强、检测限低、稳定性强等优点.     

单分散Au/ZnO纳米球的可控制备及气敏性能研究

以二水合醋酸锌和二甘醇为原料,采用微波法制备ZnO单分散纳米球;采用柠檬酸还原法制备Au纳米颗粒,并通过静电作用将金纳米颗粒修饰在ZnO纳米球上制备Au/ZnO气敏材料.XRD结果证明了多晶ZnO的形成以及金属Au的成功修饰;FESEM和TEM观察到ZnO单分散纳米球由纳米颗粒组装而成,粒径约280nm;PL光谱对合成材料的晶体缺陷进行了提取,在此基础上深入讨论了Au/ZnO的增敏机理.气敏测试结果显示,Au/ZnO纳米球比未修饰的ZnO纳米球对丙酮具有更好的选择性与更低的检测温度,在体积分数为1×10-6下仍具有较强的气敏响应.     

以金纳米粒子为探针研究二价金属离子与脂质双层膜的相互作用

采用一步法制备了二1-联十六烷醇磷酸氢酯(DHP)脂质双层膜保护的金纳米粒子,并以此为探针用紫外-可见吸收光谱法研究了二价金属离子Ca2+和Mg2+与金纳米粒子表面支撑的DHP双层膜之间的相互作用.结果表明,Ca2+和Mg2+能够促使DHP双层膜发生聚集、融合和倒塌,并且Ca2+的作用要强于Mg2+.     

Effects of Au nanoparticle addition to hole transfer layer in organic solar cells based on copper naphthalocyanine and fullerene

Organic solar cells based on copper naphthalocyanine(CuNc) and fullerene(C60) were fabricated, and their photovoltaic properties were investigated. C60 and CuNc were used as n-type and p-type semiconductors, respectively. In addition, the effect of Au nanoparticle addition on a hole transfer layer was investigated, and the power conversion efficiency of the devices was improved after blending the Au nanoparticles into the hole transport layer. Nanostructures of Au nanoparticles were investigated by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Energy levels of molecules were calculated by molecular orbital calculations, and the nanostructure and electronic properties were discussed.& 2014 Chinese Materials Research Society. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.     

Au纳米粒子对ZnO分级结构的气敏特性影响

采用化学浴法制备了花形ZnO纳米棒簇，将平均粒径约40 nm的Au纳米粒子引入ZnO表面得到不同Au修饰量的Au/ZnO复合结构.Uv-vis吸收光谱表明，在Au和ZnO之间存在着作用力使Au的吸收光谱产生红移，这种作用力的存在使复合结构的气敏性能得到了较显著的改善.当Au修饰的质量分数为6%时，复合材料的气敏性能最高，对丙酮气体的灵敏度较纯ZnO提高了约17倍.     

负电荷磷脂DSPG双层保护的金纳米粒子的合成与表征

采用一步法制备了负电荷磷脂DSPG双层保护的金纳米粒子,并用透射电镜、紫外-可见光谱、X-射线光电子能谱和红外光谱进行了表征.结果表明,所制备的金纳米粒子直径为3～5 nm,具有良好的水溶性和稳定性.     

Au NPs decorated TiO2 nanotubes array candidate for UV photodetectors

This work reports the Au nanoparticles (NPs) deposited on TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) which were successfully synthesized by a simple two-step anodization method. This fabrication process is notable for a simple and inexpensive method for obtaining pure TiO2 NTs and Au NPs deposited TiO2 NTs. The prepared samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and I-V curve. We found that the size of Au NPs can be controlled by changing the bias voltage during the deposition. The photodetectors of Au NPs/TiO2 devices showed good wavelength selectivity with high photocurrent as compared to pure TiO2 NTs devices. Subsequently, Au NPs deposited on TiO2 NTs at bias voltage of 70 V was potentially used in fabrication of UV photodetector. At this applied voltage, a high density of Au NPs was uniformly deposited on TiO2 NTs. As a result, it enables a high photocurrent and great responsivity in UV region. It is suggested that the Au NPs deposited TiO2 NTs device shows good promise for UV photodetectors with possibility to fine-tune properties in both UV and visible regions and is worthy of further investigation.     

低温固相合成形貌和晶相可控的CdS纳米晶

用表面活性剂为形貌控制剂,通过低温固相反应成功制备出具有不同晶相和形貌的CdS纳米晶.研究结果表明,在反应过程中,表面活性剂所形成的结构对最终纳米晶的形貌起着决定性的作用.若以表面活性剂聚氧乙烯9醚为形貌控制剂,则所制备的产物为立方晶系的β-CdS球形纳米粒子,纳米粒子的直径为5-15 nm;而用聚乙二醇400为形貌控制剂时,则所制备的产物为六方晶系的CdS纳米棒,纳米棒的直径为20-80 nm、长度为100-400 nm.用X射线粉末衍射和透射显微镜技术对所制备纳米晶的成分、晶相、形状和尺寸进行了表征分析.对不同形貌CdS纳米晶的形成机理作了深入的讨论,提出了CdS纳米棒的表面活性剂软模板诱导自组装生长机理.