铝合金5083和5052的激光焊接

通过工件表面焊前准备状态、接头形式和焊接工艺参数对焊缝形状的影响，分析了铝合金５０８３与５０５２在相同焊接条件下的激光焊接相同点和不同点；通过焊缝截面形状和微观组织的观察，得到了焊接条件对焊缝表面下凹度和胞状树枝晶间距的影响趋势，观察到在本实验条件下的焊缝组织主要由胞状树枝晶的一次组织和二次组织组成；通过电子探针（ＥＰＭＡ）法对焊缝主要合金元素Ｍｇ含量分布及微观偏析的测定，认为Ｍｇ的蒸发损失受到焊接条件的影响；显微硬度的分布状态表明，焊接中Ｍｇ的分布及含量决定了显微硬度的分布与大小，而且Ａ５０８３和Ａ５０５２熔化区显微硬度分别大于母材值的９１％和９３％。     

多晶体钛形变孪晶的电子显微分析

用透射电子显微镜(TEM)对密排六方多晶钛在拉伸变形中形成的孪晶进行了观察分析。并采用六方晶系孪晶面的变换矩阵对孪晶电子衍射花样进行了标定。结果表明，单个出现的凸透镜状粗大孪晶为(102)，平行排列的板状孪晶为(112)，孪晶内存在高密度位错。     

电极合金显微组织结构变化对焊接性能的影响

在93K低温下处理铬锆铜合金，发现α固溶体形成孪晶结构，并析出大量弥散的Cu3Zr和Cr2Zr细小颗粒。孪晶结构的形成依靠堆垛层错的滑移运动而形核和扩展。实践证明，电极合金结构的变化提高了其高温抗塑变能力，减少了粘焊现象，提高了电阻焊电极的焊接性能。     

ZK60镁合金的室温静液挤压强化

对室温静液挤压ZK60变形镁合金的组织、力学性能进行研究。研究结果表明：室温静液挤压后镁合金的表面质量良好：由于加工硬化的作用,镁合金抗拉强度、屈服强度和硬度分别提高20％,60％和54％;变形过程发生了孪生动态再结晶,孪晶和二次孪晶的产生可以阻碍裂纹扩展,镁在基面滑移与孪生的交互作用下形成微晶和孪晶位错;室温静液挤压的镁合金具有良好的金属流动性,应力分布状况亦有利于变形：采用室温静液挤压,可实现镁合金室温下大变形量的形变,是强化镁合金的有效途径之一。     

超低温温度场中Cu-Zr-Cr合金显微结构转变规律

研究超低温温度场中Cu Zr Cr合金基体组织(α固溶体)形成孪晶结构并析出弥散的Cu3Zr和Cr2Zr金属间化合物及基体组织微细化的过程。孪晶可以在93K低温下形成和扩展。析出Cu3Zr和Cr2Zr强化相,细化了基体组织。试验表明:以上组织结构的变化,提高了合金抗高温塑性变形能力,减轻了高温焊接时粘焊现象的发生,电极的耐磨性明显提高。     

细晶AZ61镁合金板材的CO2激光焊接性能

采用CO2激光器对2 mm厚的AZ61镁合金细晶板材分别进行了填充焊和自熔焊实验.研究了细晶镁合金板材的焊接性和填充带合金化稀土元素Ce对接头组织及力学性能的影响.结果表明，细晶板材的焊接接头热影响区不明显，组织较母材变化不大，半熔化区范围窄、液化程度低，未进行合金化的自熔焊焊缝组织较粗大，焊缝晶粒尺寸约15 μm，而填充焊焊缝组织为平均晶粒尺寸是5 μm的等轴晶，即合金化稀土元素Ce可细化焊缝组织，而且稀土元素Ce的加入能抑制柱状树枝晶区而扩大等轴晶区域范围.填带焊接头的平均抗拉强度和伸长率较自熔焊接头分别提高了6%和12%.     

金属材料退火孪晶控制及应用

基于退火孪晶的晶界工程是研究与实践材料显微组织的过程,退火孪晶是具有低层错能面心立方金属经形变再结晶退火后常见的组织形态。本文首先简单介绍金属材料退火孪晶的基本概念,并分析介绍退火孪晶的形成机制,然后详细介绍金属材料退火孪晶控制的主要方法,并分析退火孪晶在金属材料中应用,最后进行全文总结分析。     

中碳钢退火孪晶的形态及形成机制

利用光学显微镜对中碳钢退火孪晶的形态及形成机制进行了研究。退火孪晶是中碳钢过热组织的特征之一。其形态分穿晶型和中止型，分别按横向、纵向机制形核长大。退火孪晶有利于晶粒细化     

马氏体相变的一维金兹堡—朗道理论

改进了Falk提出的马氏体相变的一维金兹堡-朗道理论，在体系自由能中加入了马氏体周围母相的应变能，由此推出了一个4阶金兹堡方程，其中有约化温度t与约化母相弹性模量P两个重要参数。方程的两类解分别代表表面马氏体和孪晶马氏体的形核。两种马氏体的形成与参数t和P密切相关：当固定P而降低t时，表面马氏体将先于孪晶马氏体出现；当固定t而增加P时，孪晶马氏体形成的超始温度下降。按此修正G-L理论所得到的解比Falk的解更符合实际马氏体相变的形核过程。     

硅量子点中的孪晶对其电子结构和光学性能的影响

以具有代表性的单孪晶和五重孪晶作为研究对象,运用密度泛函理论研究了孪晶结构的硅量子点的形成、稳定性、量子限域效应以及光学性质.结果表明,孪晶结构的硅量子点从热力学角度看是可以形成的,且孪晶结构可以增强硅量子点的稳定性;孪晶的存在使得硅量子点的量子限域效应和光学吸收减弱.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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