基于通用变邻域搜索的多AGV分拣调度优化

为了解决物流仓储分拣中心多台AGV处理大量包裹调度优化困难的问题,在考虑分拣作业时间窗和充电需求的基础上,研究了大规模AGV调度问题。以最小化分拣作业周期为目标,提出了一种通用变邻域搜索(general variable neighborhood search, GVNS)算法,为各台AGV指定转运任务和作业排序,采用遍历插入启发式策略生成满足时间窗约束的初始解,设计了10种邻域算子对初始解迭代寻优,并对比不同规模算例的算法性能,分析AGV充电速率和数量配置对分拣效率的影响。结果表明,GVNS算法具有计算时间和求解性能方面的优势,能在较短时间内求得近似最优解,平均计算时间仅为532.78 s,明显优于混合整数规划模型和约束规划模型;当包裹数为100时,最合适的AGV配置为14辆。因此,GVNS可以有效解决分拣中心考虑充电需求和硬时间窗的大规模多AGV调度问题,提高物流分拣效率,帮助企业找到科学、合理的AGV配置方案。     

基于自动导引车辆的物流分拣系统交通控制策略

在离散网格环境下设计基于自动导引车辆(automatic guided vehicle,AGV)的物流分拣系统,基于中央控制器的集中控制策略,采用Label Correcting算法对AGV进行动态路径规划,基于交叉口不停留策略对系统内AGV进行交通控制.仿真实验结果表明:所提出的分拣系统能够适用于大规模的物流包裹分拣...     

考虑拥堵因素的自动化码头多AGV无冲突动态路径规划模型

针对自动化集装箱码头水平运输系统的调度优化,提出一种自动引导车(AGV)动态路径规划策略,即在多AGV系统路径生成的同时进行动态路径优化.从AGV运输作业时间角度,建立考虑拥堵的多AGV路径优化模型,优化AGV路径方案.为求解模型,设计了基于动态路径规划策略的多种群蚁群算法,并对模型与算法的有效性进行验证.结果表明:基于动态路径规划策略可以对路径规划过程进行动态控制与优化;同时,考虑拥堵因素可以有效地解决水平运输路网中的拥堵问题,提高运输作业效率.     

基于离散时空网络的多自动引导车路径规划问题

针对多AGV（automatic guided vehicle）在仓储物流搬运系统中的巷道拥堵问题,提出一种规避拥堵的系统优化策略,将产生的AGV拣货路径作为约束生成后续AGV运行轨迹。对仓库相邻节点赋予时间链接,构建时空网络地图,在此环境建立基于离散时空网络的考虑拥堵的路径优化模型,并设计了时空网络与SA(simulated annealing)相结合的全局优化算法ST-SA(space time simulated annealing) 以求解该模型,通过仿真实验对模型及算法的有效性进行验证。实验结果表明：系统优化策略可以对AGV路径规划过程进行控制与优化,ST-SA能够很快搜索到合理、高效的AGV拣货路径方案,缩短AGV在巷道的作业时间,避免了多AGV在智能仓储系统中的碰撞及拥堵。     

自动化集装箱码头AGV调度与换电双层模型求解

为降低自动化集装箱码头AGV换电问题对码头整体作业效率的影响,首先分析了AGV调度和换电的相互影响和内在联系.其次考虑AGV耗电差异和换电阈值等约束以最小化最终完工时间为目标建立AGV调度模型(上层模型),考虑换电站数量和排队等约束以最小化换电总时间为目标建立AGV换电模型(下层模型),并针对两者之间的双层耦合关系,设计换电需求和换电方案为公用变量进行解耦.最后使用自动化集装箱码头实际作业参数设计算例,分别采用GAMS求解器和遗传算法循环迭代求解.算例结果表明,双层耦合模型合理地决策了AGV调度和换电问题,换电排队时间控制在4 min之内,降低了AGV换电总时间和最终完工时间,提升了AGV利用率.     

基于混合算法的自动导引车调度问题研究

针对自动化仓库自动导引车(automated guided vehicle, AGV)调度问题，文章在考虑车辆载重约束的情况下，建立车辆行驶总距离和总能耗最小为目标的数学模型，并通过离散差分进化算法与蚁群算法相结合的混合算法进行求解。将混合算法与改进蚁群算法、遗传算法、模拟退火算法、粒子群算法在CVRPLIB SET P算例集上的求解结果进行对比，验证该混合算法的有效性；通过数值仿真实验对提出的自动化分拣仓库AGV调度问题进行求解，证明该混合算法对实际算例有较好的求解结果，可以有效提高自动化仓库作业效率。     

优化的模糊决策算法在多自动引导车调度问题中的应用

为解决多AGV在复杂系统中的任务调度问题,以提高生产效率缩短任务周期为目标建立地面轨迹模型和AGV搬运耗时模型。采用优化的模糊决策算法通过最小化每台AGV的搬运耗时来最小化搬运作业的总耗时。在算法设计过程中,采用分布式控制思想,将AGV离目标点的距离,AGV的当前载重和AGV的当前电量作为因素集,将AGV执行此次搬运任务的合适度作为评价集,建立AGV模糊评价模型;通过该模型得出各台AGV对任务适合度的评价向量进而寻找一种映射将评价向量转化为值,调度问题被转化为最优化问题,其中采用切割补偿优化综合模型的因素权重选择,采用分模式链式比较,减少AGV的计算量。通过多次仿真实验,可以验证本文算法在缩短任务的执行周期上具有一定的可行性与有效性,并且在解决复杂系统AGV状态多变的调度问题下展现了一定的鲁棒性和拓展性。     

基于优化的模糊决策算法在多AGV调度问题中的应用

为解决多AGV在复杂系统中的任务调度问题,以提高生产效率缩短任务周期为目标建立地面轨迹模型和AGV搬运耗时模型。采用优化的模糊决策算法通过最小化每台AGV的搬运耗时来最小化搬运作业的总耗时。在算法设计过程中,采用分布式控制思想,将AGV离目标点的距离,AGV的当前载重和AGV的当前电量作为因素集,将AGV执行此次搬运任务的合适度作为评价集,建立AGV模糊评价模型;通过该模型得出各台AGV对任务适合度的评价向量进而寻找一种映射将评价向量转化为值,调度问题被转化为最优化问题,其中采用切割补偿优化综合模型的因素权重选择,采用分模式链式比较减少AGV的计算量。通过多次仿真实验,可以验证本文算法在缩短任务的执行周期上具有一定的可行性与有效性,并且在解决复杂系统AGV状态多变的调度问题下展现了一定的鲁棒性和拓展性。     

AGV系统的调度优化模型

传统AGV调度问题考虑单机或单请求的情形,分析了柔性制造系统(FMS)中 AGV 的作业特征,从一般的多机多请求情形出发,以最小化车辆总数、最大化平均满意度、最小化总运行距离为目标,以优先紧急请求、一般请求先进先出(FIFO)为基本原则,提出了多台 AGV 处理多项请求的数学模型,并给出一种解决它的混合遗传算法,确定了请求与 AGV 的一一对应.     

基于卡尔曼滤波的AGV惯性导航仿真研究

针对目前导航方式存在的不足和惯性导航对自动引导小车(automated guided vehicle,AGV)路径定位精度低及纠偏能力差的问题,研究了AGV轨迹误差形成原因及改进惯性导航在AGV导航上的控制策略,对AGV数学模型、卡尔曼滤波(Kalman filter)定位、惯性导航纠偏控制系统进行仿真研究。在MATLAB软件上建立AGV运动模型及控制模型,获得了传统控制的AGV行走轨迹和使用卡尔曼滤波惯性导航控制策略的轨迹,并且在惯性元件的观测上引入偏移量,极大地提高了AGV在短距离行驶的观测准确性。仿真结果表明:AGV在短距离运动过程中采用卡尔曼滤波惯性导航的控制策略比传统控制策略轨迹精度提高8倍左右,在很大程度上提高了AGV定位导航能力。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that