H6M4(N2H2)3(M=Al,Ga)簇合物的结构、红外光谱和热力学性质研究

采用自洽场方法(HF)和密度泛函(DFT)的B3LYP方法,在6-31G*水平下,研究了H6M4(N2H2)3(a-M=Al,b-M=Ga) 簇合物的几何构型、电子结构、红外光谱及热力学性质.结果表明N-N键比肼中N-N键长,有进一步裂解的趋势.振动频率计算表明铝、镓的肼簇合物为基态稳定结构.     

A14（iPrNNiPr）3簇合物的理论研究

用HF／6—31G^*和B3LYP／6—31G^*方法，首次研究了A14(iPrNNiPr)。簇合物的几何构型、电子结构；并在B3LYP／6—31G^*水平下，对所得平衡构型进行了红外光谱及热力学性质计算。结果表明：在此簇合物中Al—N键比氮化铝簇中Al—N键长，但仍在极性共价键的范围内；N—N键都较肼中N—N键明显减弱，易断裂，可释放较多能量，因此它作为生成相应氮化物的前体，将降低反应所需活化能。振动频率计算表明：该簇合物为基态稳定结构。     

氮铝簇合物的结构与稳定性

采用密度泛函理论（DFT）中的B3LYP方法,以6－31G标准基组加一个极化函数,对（ClAlNH)10和（AlN)10簇合物分子的几何构型、电子结构和红外光谱进行了优化计算,并讨论了它们的化学键特征。研究结果表明,（ClAlNH)10和（AlN)10簇合物的基态稳定结构均具有C2h对称,不存在Al-Al和N－N键,因此Al-N键是惟一的键型。     

H6M4(N2H2)3(M=Al,Ga)簇合物的结构、红外光谱和热力学性质研究

采用自洽场方法(HF)和密度泛函(DFT)的B3LYP方法，在6-31G^*水平下，研究了H6M4(N2H2)3(a—M＝Al，b—M＝Ga)簇合物的几何构型、电子结构、红外光谱及热力学性质．结果表明：N—N键比肼中N—N键长，有进一步裂解的趋势．振动频率计算表明：铝、镓的肼簇合物为基态稳定结构．     

(NH3)2(H2O)4团簇结构的密度泛函理论研究

利用经验势得到(NH3)2(H2O)4团簇的初始结构,在初始结构的基础上利用DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d)进行几何结构优化和频率计算.在此基础上挑选出稳定的构型利用DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)进行优化.得到了(NH3)2(H2O)4团簇的16种稳定异构体,通过对这些异构体的键长,振动频率,偶极矩的研究,发现了结构对称性好,键长较短的构型能量较低,结构较稳定.     

线型碳链HC2nB(n=1～10)的电子光谱的理论研究

应用密度泛函理论(DFT),在B3LYP/6-31G**水平上优化得到了线型簇合物HC2nB(n=1~10)的基态平衡几何构型,并计算了它们的谐振动频率.在基态平衡构型下,通过EOM-CCSD/cc-pvDZ的计算,确定了簇合物HC2nB(n=1~5)的X1Σ →11Σ 电子跃迁的垂直激发能;结果表明,体系HC2nBX1Σ →11Σ 电子跃迁能与体系大小n之间都存在非线性关系,并导出了它们与n之间的解析表达式.用CASSCF/6-31G*方法优化得到了HC2nB(n=1~4)的基态和激发态的平衡几何构型,由于两者成键性质的不同,从而导致了体系的跃迁能与体系大小之间的非线性关系.     

锗亚胺及其相关分子的密度泛函计算研究

在B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)、B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,2p)和B3P86/6-311++G(3df,2p)水平优化计算了锗亚按、磷杂烯、磷杂锗烯和砷杂硅烯以及标题物质子化正离子的平衡几何构型.用优化计算的平衡几何构型,在B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,2p)//B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,2p)计算了各标题物的旋转势垒.在B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)//B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p),B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,2p)//B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,2p)和B3P86/6-311++G(3df,2p)//B3P86/6-311++G(3df,2p)计算了各标题物的质子亲和能,质子化反应自由能(ΔG 298)和质子化反应的焓变(ΔH 298).计算结果表明标题物有较强的π键和负值较大的质子亲和能、ΔG 298和ΔH 298,有稳定的质子质子化正离子产物.计算的旋转势垒标表标题物分子有比较强的π键,质子化正离子的π键比对应的中性分子强.     

MgB7团簇结构和电子性质的计算研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP/6-311+G*和B3PW91/6-311+G*方法,应用Gauussian 03程序,对中性和带电的MgB7杂硼原子团簇的几何结构、稳定性和电子结构进行了理论研究.结果发现,镁原子(Mg)的掺杂,并没有改变B7团簇的锥形结构,B7单元的结构对称性并没有因此而降低,说明了B7单元作为配体和镁形成了MgB7类似络合物.在B3LYP/6-311+G*水平下,计算了MgB7团簇的结合能、最高占据轨道(HOMO)和最低空轨道(LUMO)的能量差(Gap),并用自然键轨道(NBO)分析方法对电子结构进行了较为详细的讨论.     

BmN2(m=2-9)团簇的结构特征与稳定性

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法,在6-311G*水平上对BmN2(m=2-9)团簇的几何构型和电子结构进行了结构优化和振动频率计算.结果表明,BmN2团簇基态结构m≤3时为N原子插入B-B键中形成的线状结构;m>3时为N原子插入Bm环中或Bm环上B-B键边桥配位形成的环状结构.通过对基态结构的能量分析,得到了BmN2(m=2-9)团簇的稳定性信息.     

丙酮酸分子振动频率、光谱和热力学性质的研究

本文采用密度泛函理论(DFT)研究了丙酮酸分子的几何结构,稳定构象的振动基频、振动光谱和热力学性质.首先在HF/6-31G*、BLYP/6-31G*、B3LYP/6-31G*水平上对丙酮酸分子的几何结构进行优化,结果表明B3LYP/6-31G*水平能够合理的描述分子的几何结构.进而在B3L YP/6-31G8*水平上对优化后的结构进行正则振动频率分析,用0.96校正后的振动光谱和实验结果比较符合较好,并对计算得到的红外光谱,拉曼光谱进行分析,进一步计算得到了该化合物在298-1000K温度下的标准热力学函数值.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the