CaCO3分解机理和动力学参数的研究

在升温速率为5-30K/min的范围内利用热天平对平均数径为13.4μm的CaCO3进行了分解过程的实验研究，应用等转化率法，在不假定机理函数的情况下，得到了CaCO3分解的活化能随转化率变化的规律，并将转化率外推为零，得到了理论上新物相晶核形成时的活化能Eα→0=243.62kj/mol，同时，对于N2气氛，不同升温速率下CaCO3的热分解，在假定CaCO3分解机理函数的情况下，得到了30种不同机理函数所对应的动力学参数，将升温速率外推为零，得到了理论上系统处于平衡状态下的动力学参数Eβ→0与InAα→0，将Eβ→0与Eα→0相比较，确定了CaCO3分解的最可能机理是n=2/3的成核与生长过程。     

研究碳酸钙分解反应机理及表观活化能的新方法

利用热分析技术,在氮气气氛下,对不同升温速率的碳酸钙热分解过程进行了研究.应用微分法将反应的表观活化能分为速率活化能(Er)和模式函数活化能(Ef(α))两部分.根据Er与转化率(α)的关系,确定了反应过程的本征活化能,并采用Malek法研究了反应机理.研究结果表明:分解机理为收缩圆柱体;当0.1≤a≤0.5时,表观活...     

碱式碳酸锌的热分解动力学研究

在不同升温速率条件下,用热分析法研究了碱式碳酸锌[2ZnCO3.3Zn(OH)2]在氮气氛中的热分解过程与热分解动力学.确定了碱式碳酸锌的热分解温度Ti,0=471.3 K;由K issinger与Coot-Redfem两种方法求得热分解反应的表观活化能E=177.1 kJ.mol-1.用13种常见的固体热分解机理函数对热分解过程进行计算,确定了碱式碳酸锌热分解是一级随机成核和随后生长机理,对应的机理函数为g(a)=-ln(1-a).     

对-叔丁基杯[4]的热力学和热分析动力学

用热重TG和DSC对杯芳烃对-叔丁基杯[4]热分解过程进行了研究,用多升温速率法和单升温速率法相结合的方法推断出了对-叔丁基杯[4]热分解的可能过程,并推断出了其可能的裂解反应动力学方程及热分析动力学参数;得出了结论脱包结甲苯的过程为23号机理函数,为三级反应过程,动力学方程为dα/dt=Ae-(E)/(RT)(1)/(2)(1-α)3;;表观活化能E为166.97 kJ*mol-1,指前因子A为1.67×1016 s-1;自身热分解脱去叔丁基的过程为1号机理函数,反应过程为一维扩散,动力学方程为dα/dt=Ae-(E)/(RT)(1)/(2)α;活化能E为248.89 kJ*mol-1,指前因子A为42.89 s-1.     

聚丙烯酸钠的热分解动力学

采用TG/DTA联用技术,在10、15、202、5 K.min-1不同线性升温条件下,研究了聚丙烯酸钠的热分解过程.结果表明,在空气气氛下,聚丙烯酸钠的热分解主要分为两个阶段.应用非等温多重扫描速率法对热分解过程的第一阶段进行了动力学分析,并计算得到了聚丙烯酸钠热分解的动力学3因子,分别是热分解活化能E=132.88 KJ.mol-1,指前因子lg(A)=9.103,以及相边界反应型的机理函数,其积分形式G(α)=1-(1-α)12和微分形式f(α)=2(1-α)12.     

FeS热分解动力学的热分析

FeS诱发含硫油品自燃的事故受到了业界的日益关注。通过在不同升温速率(2,5,8,10,15℃/min)下的热分析实验,应用模型和非模型拟合研究了FeS的热分解动力学机理,结果表明:FeS受热氧化是FeS与氧气物理吸附、化学吸附和化学反应过程,对FeS的模型拟合结果不稳定,可靠性较差;采用等转化率法得到FeS热分解的表观活化能E=(135.81±8.27)kJ/mol;通过Satava-Sestak方程确定了FeS的受热分解符合成核和生长模型函数A2:g(α)=[-ln(1-α)]1/2,其表观活化能E=148.43kJ/mol,表观指前因子A=3.82×109 K/s。     

CaCO3分解动力学的热重研究

在升温速率为5－30K/min的范围内，利用热天平对平均粒为13．4μm的CaCO3进行了分解过程中的实验研究，应用等转化率法，在不假定机理函数的情况下，得到了CaCO3分解的活化能E＝105.24kJ/mol。该值与前人对于平均粒径D＝13μm的CaCO3分解，以控制化学反应的多步随机成核机理（机理函数G（α）＝[-ln(1-α）]^1/3）所得到的活化能E＝105.01kJ/mol非常一致。     

碱式碳酸钴非等温热分解动力学

利用热重分析及X线衍射技术,考察不同升温速率下碱式碳酸钴的热分解特性,研究碱式碳酸钴热分解动力学.用模型函数法(Coats-Redfern和Achar法)和非模型法(Kissinger法和Flynn-Wall-Ozawa法)分析计算热分解过程第2阶段的动力学参数.研究结果表明:在空气气氛下,碱式碳酸钴的热分解过程分2个阶段进行(碱式碳酸钻在303 K左右开始失去结晶水:493 K时无水盐分解,至625 K以上基本分解完毕,产物为四氧化三钴),其中分解过程质量损失率为29.5%,与理论值相符:产物表观活化能E为106.139～144.537 kJ/mol,lgA(A为指前因子)为9.396～11.868,机理函数为成核与长大模型.     

几种铈盐的热分解过程及非等温热分解动力学研究

利用TG—DTG—DTA热分析技术研究了二水合碳酸亚铈、九水合草酸亚铈、六水合硝酸亚铈三种铈盐的热分解过程．发现二水合碳酸亚铈在75-180℃下脱去2mol水生成无水碳酸亚铈，后者在220—300℃下分解脱去CO2生成CeO2；九水合草酸亚铈在100-180℃下脱去9mol水生成无水草酸亚铈，后者在290—380℃下分解并同时脱去CO和CO2生成CeO2；而六水合硝酸亚铈在60—80℃下首先脱去3．5mol水生成含2．5个结晶水的硝酸亚铈，后者在190-250℃下脱去2．5mol结晶水生成无水硝酸亚铈，在258—310℃下硝酸亚铈热分解脱去NO2和O2并生成CeO2．采用外推法研究了九水合草酸亚铈两步热分解过程的动力学，由不同升温速率下的热分析曲线及外推β→0获得了相应的固相热分解反应所遵循的分解机理及动力学参数．发现九水合草酸亚铈脱水过程遵循球形对称的三维扩散机理，即Jander方程G（α）=G（α）=[1-（1-α）^1/3]^2，动力学参数E=180．9kJ／mol、lnA=63．5s^-1；而脱CO和CO2过程遵循成核和生长机理，即Avrami-Erofeev方程G（α）=[-ln（1-α）]^1/1.5，动力学参数E=115．4kJ／mol，lnA=22．0s^-1．     

菱镁矿在氮气气氛中的热分解动力学

用热分析技术研究了菱镁矿在氮气气氛中热分解的过程,结果表明,菱镁矿在氮气中一步分解。用Ozawa-Flynn—Wall（OFW）法求取了分解过程的活化能,并用单曲线和多曲线的动力学法给出了可能的机理函数。得出最概然机理为：A1→B,机理函数是f（α）=α^a-（1-α）^n.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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