利用太赫兹时域光谱对RDX及RDX相关混合炸药进行检测的实验研究

采用THz时域光谱(Terahertz time domain spectroscopy,THz-TDS)测试技术,在室温氮气环境中,对几种爆炸性物质(单质炸药环三亚甲基三硝胺(RDX)、钝感RDX以及五种以RDX为主体成分的混合炸药)在0.2~2.5THz波段的光谱特性进行了实验探测。给出了这些炸药样品的吸收系数和折射率等光学参数,得到了具有高分辨率的特征吸收谱和折射率谱。实验结果显示,利用THz-TDS技术可以对单质炸药以及以其为主体成分的混合炸药进行检测和识别。为利用THz-TDS研究其他爆炸性物质,建立爆炸物的指纹谱库提供了科学依据。     

四苯乙烯基荧光探针的合成及对硝基爆炸物的检测

基于四苯乙烯的聚集诱导发光(AIE)性质,设计合成了一种可用于硝基爆炸物检测的荧光探针分子S1.采用核磁氢谱、碳谱和高分辨质谱对其结构进行表征后,以4-硝基苯酚为模型化合物,利用紫外可见分光光度计和荧光光谱仪对S1进行爆炸物检测,结果发现此荧光探针分子S1的检测极限可低达4.59μmol/L.     

新型光电离离子迁移谱及其应用

 离子迁移谱被广泛应用于爆炸物毒品等现场检测。离子源是离子迁移谱的核心部件,它与离子迁移谱最终的灵敏度和选择性密切相关。近年来,以光电离技术为代表的非放射电离源成为研究热点。本文介绍基于VUV 灯的新型光电离源,重点综述近年来试剂分子辅助电离正离子源负离子源的进展,分析这些新型光电离离子迁移谱在环境污染物爆炸物等检测的应用。     

利用中子技术检测爆炸物的实验研究

用脉冲快热中子活化分析技术(PFTNA)设计开发出一种爆炸物检测实验装置.该装置采用了14 MeV脉冲中子发生器、锗酸铋(BGO,50 mm×50 mm)探测器和4 096道多道分析器.用爆炸物检测装置对爆炸物进行了测量,并讨论该系统存在的问题和解决方案.     

爆炸物检测利器——试剂分子辅助光电离离子迁移谱

 和平与发展已经成为当前世界发展的两大主题,但是恐怖袭击事件仍频频发生,导致每年大量人员在恐怖爆炸事件中丧生。此外,烟花爆竹和土炸药的非法使用和运输往往会导致重大的伤亡事件,给社会治安和公共安全带来严重的威胁。例如,2013 年2 月1 日,义昌大桥发生烟花爆竹爆炸事故,导致义昌大桥部分坍塌,造成13 人死亡,直接经济损失7632 万元。因此,发展适合于现场爆炸物快速检测的方法和技术对于维护社会安定和保障人们的生命安全具有重要意义。离子迁移谱（IMS）具有响应速度快（秒级）灵敏度高（pg 量级）体积小携带方便,操作简便等优点,适合于机场码头车站大型集会场所的安全检测及反恐等。目前,已经有超过10 万台套的离子迁移谱用于机场安检。     

探测爆炸物和放射性材料的核技术方法

叙述了采用核技术方法探查隐藏爆炸物和放射性材料的优越性及其特点,重点介绍了8类主动式中子质询技术,对它们探查爆炸物的适用范围进行了剖析,对采用伽玛法的非中子质询技术作了一般性讨论。概括了各类已商用化工业中子源和伽玛射线探测器,论述了它们应用于安检系统的长处和不足。分析了两类典型的隐藏爆炸物安检问题,指出一个理想的爆炸物探查系统应具备的11项特性。介绍了国际上最受重视的伴随粒子成像和脉冲快中子系统的研制进展。简要描述了有别于主动式探查爆炸物的被动式放射性材料探查方法。指出隐藏爆炸物品和放射性物质的检查没有一     

基于单片机自动排爆机器人的研究与设计

该文以MCS-51单片机为控制核心设计了一个能够完成自动排除可疑爆炸物的机器人装置,该设计结构简单,采用模块化的设计方法,像搭积木一样完成了机器人的硬件制作,同时应用顺序控制方法实现了在规定区域内寻找可疑物品并将其带离危险区,设计构思新颖,具有较强的实际应用价值。     

拉曼光谱技术在炸药探测中的应用

爆炸活动现已成为恐怖袭击的主要手段,针对爆炸可疑物和爆炸残余物的探测分析技术不断发展,拉曼光谱技术以其成熟的理论基础及自身优良的性能,成为炸药＂指纹＂探测中一种重要的分析手段。阐述拉曼光谱技术的原理基础及在炸药探测方面的应用,分析该技术的优缺点,并利用FirstDefender手持式化学品识别系统对12种炸药进行检测分析,得出拉曼图谱参考数据,为在犯罪现场使用手持式拉曼光谱仪实时检测可疑爆炸物提供部分参数依据。     

中子检测爆炸物的MCNP模拟

利用中子发生器作为中子源进行了爆炸物检测方法的研究.物理模型采用点中子源,用三硝基甲苯(TNT)做模拟物,探测器为阵列式.用蒙特一卡罗方法模拟被中子辐照后N,C和O3种元素,采用透射法和反射法进行了检测.根据改变N,C和O元素产生的特征γ射线计数,确定出最佳检测方法.结果表明:在爆炸物检测中,反射法得到的γ射线计数多,反射法优于透射法;用反射法检测爆炸物时,探测器距离中子源为15 cm时,探测效果最佳.     

新型常压离子化技术研究进展

随着社会的不断发展,人们对与日常生活密切相关的食品质量检测以及国家安全的需求越来越迫切。新型大气压离子化技术具有分析速度快、灵敏度高、实时在线等优点,在食品检测、药物分析、爆炸物筛查、化学反应监控、活体成像等领域得到了广泛应用。从传统大气压离子化技术出发,系统阐述离子化的基本原理和方法,并在此基础上介绍了直接电离技术、直接解吸/电离技术、辅助解吸/电离技术,以及不同电离技术的区别和联系。最后,对常压离子化技术未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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