Long-Range Topological Order in Metallic Glass

In June 17th issue of Science,Professor Jiang Jianzhong of Department of Material Sciences,Zhejiang University and his colleagues published a paper titled "Long-Range Topological Order in Metallic Glass". Prof.Jiang has received sustained support from NSFC since 2003. This article was co-authored by an international group of 9 researchers. According to the article,glass lacks the long-range periodic order that characterizes a crystal.In the Ce75Al25 metallic glass(MG),however,they discovered a long-range topological order corresponding to a single crystal of indefinite length.Structural examinations confirm that the MG is truly amorphous,isotropic, and unstrained,yet under 25 gigapascals hydrostatic pressures,every segment of a centimeter-     

Evidence for two distinct populations of type Ia supernovae

Type Ia supernovae（SNe Ia）have been used as＂standard candle＂to measure extragalactic distance and have led to the discovery of accelerating expansion of the universe which was awarded the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics.However,it is embarrassing that their physics and progenitor systems remain elusive till today.SNe Ia are believed to be the results of thermonuclear explosions of white dwarf stars close to the critical Chandrasekhar mass limit.Theoretically,     

China: Green Development and Green GDP

During the past 20 years, China has been one ofthe countries whose economic growth rate is thefastest in the world, and whose domestic saving rate(as a percentage of GDP) and domestic investmentrate (as a percentage of GDP) are the highest. Ac-cording to the statistics of World Bank (2000a)[1] theaverage GDP growth rates of 1980s and 1990s in Chi-na are respectively 10. 1% and 10.7%, ranking thesecond among the 206 countries and regions in theworld (only second to Botswana, a natural abun…     

Breakthrough in the Ambient Catalytic Destruction of Formaldehyde

Indoor air quality is a major factor influencing the human health.Formaldehyde(HCHO) is a hazardous and dominant common indoor air pollutant in China.How to effectively and economically eliminate the indoor air HCHO is of great interest and challenge to researchers. The Research Group of Environmental Catalysis,led by Professor Hong He in Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,has been devoted to the development of new methods and technologies for indoor air purification for years.Funded by the National Nature Science     

Novel scheme of manipulating topological physics by using a single degenerate cavity

正Subject Code:F05 With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research group from the Key Lab of Quantum Information(CAS)led by Prof.Guo Guangcan(郭光灿)at the University of Science and Technology of China proposed a new routine to manipulate topological physics using only a single optical     

Geophysics and Seismic Hazard Reduction

1 Introduction to the International Research on Geophysics and Seismic Hazard ReductionThe earthquake is a natural phenomenon, which often brings serious hazard to the human life and material possession. It is a physical process of releasing interior energy of the earth, which is caused by interior and outer forces in special tectonic environment in the earth, especially within the lithosphere. The earthquake only causes casualty and loss in the place where people inhabit. Seismic hazard reduction is composed of four parts as seismic prediction, hazard prevention and seismic engineering, seismic response and seismic rescuing, and rebuilding.     

A bright example for all of us- Professor Shi Changxu

Professor Shi Chanxu received the Top Scientists Award of China in early 2011.This is a very important event.As a materials scientist originally from China,I am very happy to hear this news.I see this award as a great encouragement,not only for people working in the field of Materials Science and Engineering, but also for all scientists and technologists in China. Professor Shi is one of the most famous materials scientists in the world,and has also made great contributions to the strategic development of science and engineering in China.I had the opportunity to listen     

Wisdom is power: Female budgerigars prefer males with stronger cognitive abilities

<正>Supported by the National Natural Foundation of China,the Research Group of Avian Ecology of Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences led by Prof.Sun YueHua (孙悦华),found that"Problem-solving males becoming more attractive to female budgerigars",which was online published in Science on January 11,2019,with the first author of Dr.Chen JiaNi and corresponding author of Prof.Sun YueHua.This is a story of male budgerigars gaining favor by learning feeding techniques.     

Urban Integrated Transportation Planning Based on Transit Oriented Development and its Research Challenges

Satisfying the increasing traffic demand with the least amount of resource and environmental costs, the sustainable development object of urban traffic system determines that from long-term viewpoint, it is necessary to establish urban integrated traffic planning system with public transport as it is. The planning idea of Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is an important method to realize urban integrated traffic planning system. Research and practice reveal that harmony and integration is the key method to solve urban traffic problems. The integration of traffic system and land-use is the basic problem. Urban traffic development strategy with TOD provides ideas and ways to harmonize the traffic and land-use systems, which brings out a series of new research subjects and challenges in the field of traffic planning.     

NSFC and NIH Signed Collaborative MoU in Biomedical Research

<正>NSFC President Chen Yiyu met with Dr.Francis Collins,Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Beijing on October 14,2010 and signed a MoU of cooperation in medical research between the two agencies. Prof.Chen welcomed Dr.Collins' visit to NSFC and pointed out that the recently increasing communication and exchanges between the two agencies have paved a solid foundation for substantial collaboration. Especially since the establishment of NSFC's Department of Health Sciences in 2009,a new platform for effective support to basic research in medical sciences is now in place.Prof.Chen further mentioned that to address diseases threatening the mankind,establishing partnership between the two agencies is an action that conforms to the trend of the times.     

The Suggestions on Improving the NSFC Peer Review System

NSFC's reputation as a responsible steward ofpublic funds rests on the integrity of the proposal re-view process. It allows NSFC to earn the society'sconfidence by demonstrating that the agency is guidedby principles of quality and merit when allocating theresources entrusted to it. The proposal review processis at the core of everything NSFC does, thereby de-serving constant examination and improvement.1 A definition of peer reviewPeer review is the name given to the judgment ofscientifi…     

Methodology and Foreground of Metallomics

Metallomics is proposed as a new omics to follow genomics, proteomics and metabolomics. This paper gives an overview of the development of metallomics based on the introduction of the concept of metallomics and its methodology.     

Recent Progress of Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer in Pigs

Research in the field of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and transgenic cloning in pigs has become a global hotspot，because porcine organs probably can be the first source of donor organs for human xenotransplantation. In recent years, though great progress has been made in porcine SCNT, the efficiency of nuclear transfer remains very low (<1%). Thus, it is necessary to improve the procedure of nuclear transfer and to investigate some basic problems further. Recent progress and the related problems of SCNT in pigs are reviewed and analyzed so as to offer some beneficial illumination to researchers.     

Determination of electron pairing symmetry of iron-based superconductor FeSe

The research team led by Prof.Qi-Kun Xue at Department of Physics,Tsinghua University,and Prof.Xucun Ma at Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,has made a major breakthrough in study of the electron pairing symmetry of FeSe superconductor.The related results have recently been published in the journals of Science and Physical Review B(Science 332,1410(2011),Phys.Rev.B84, 020503(R)(2011)). Iron-based superconductors are presently one of the hottest topics in condensed matter physics and open up a new avenue in the study of unconventional high-temperature superconductors.Similar to cu-     

Populus euphratica, a Tolerant Model but Endangered Arborescent Species

Populus euphratica is a most tolerant arborescent species to abiotic stress. It can adapt to extreme conditions, ranging from flood to atmosphere extremely dry, hot from +54℃ to -45℃, and from normal soil to the soil with very high salt concentration (to 2～5%) although being a nonhalophyte. Ho wever, the natural stands of P. euphratica have been shrinking tremendously for the past decades and some populations are facing the fate of extinction. The pre servation of existing resources should be carried out as a burning issue. In par allel, P. euphratica could be taken as a model plant to explore the molecular me chanism of abioticstress tolerance and to exploit its tolerant genes due to it s smaller genome and easy molecular manipulation. The measures for preservation, germplasma exploitation, tolerance mechanism exploration and resource utiliza tion were also discussed in this paper.     

Achievements in the Project-"The Adsorption of Rare Earth Metal Ions and Ligands on Steel, Aluminum and its Synergistic Mechanism"

1. Background Corrosion is a fundamental process that plays an important role in economics and safety, particularly for metals and alloys. Nowadays, corrosion problems have received a considerable amount of attentions. The annual direct cost of metallic corrosion ranges from 2% to 4% of national GDP in industrialized countries, and this cost sounds escalating in the future.     

Materials- the foundation for technology revolutions

It is my greatest honor to learn that Professor SHI Changxu was a recipient of the China’s National Top Award in Science and Technology in 2010 owing to his pioneer and strategic contributions to the development of materials in China and world.This award represents the strongest endorsement of not only the society to the contribution made by Professor Shi in materials,but also the materials’ community to the social progress and advances in technology.     

Nuclear Technique and Agriculture in China

Nuclear technique is a powerful scientific tool in agricultural research, an area with fruitful achievements in China. Application of nuclear technique in agriculture (Nuclear Agricultural Sciences) based on the development of related science and technology is a high-tech area, and also a significant aspect of non-electrical power application of nuclear technique. As an important component of agricultural science and technology, Nuclear technique application in agricultural field has achieved a lot and made remarkable contributions to the economic, social and ecological development of China. The current paper reviews the achievements, and presents the situation of the application of nuclear technique in the Chinese a-griculture briefly. The author strongly suggests that Chinese     

Biomineralization generates heat-resistant vaccines

Vaccines are heat-liable and require continuous refrigeration （cold-chain） to maintain their potency, which is a significant roadblock in protecting human from infectious diseases. This is especially true for the poorest countries; over half of deaths are caused by infectious diseases because the cold chain is very diffi- cult to maintain with a minimal infrastructure. Therefore, improving thermostability of vaccines is a grand challenge in global health.