Conformation-dependent recognition of mutant HTT proteins by selective autophagy

正With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a study led by Prof.Lu Boxun(鲁伯埙)from Fudan University demonstrates that a toxic mutant HTT species is resistant to selective autophagy,revealing the fundamental mechanism of Huntington’s Disease.The study was published in     

SNX10 mediates alcohol-induced liver injury and steatosis by regulating the activation of chaperone-mediated autophagy

正With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team directed by Prof.Shen XiaoYan (沈晓燕)at the Department of Pharmacology,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Fudan University,recently reported that SNX10is an important negative regulator of alcohol liver disease,which was published in Journal of Hepatology (2018,pii:S0168-8278(18)30118-1.).     

TRPV1 activation impedes VSMC foam cell formation by inducing autophagy

<正>With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Prof.Li Jingcheng and colleagues from the Third Military University reported their research findings in an article"TRPV1activation impedes foam cell formation by inducing autophagy in oxLDL-treated vascular smooth muscle cells"in Cell Death Dis(2014,5:e1182).Foam cells formation is the key early event in atherosclerosis.Vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)     

Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 induces incomplete autophagy for extracellular virion production

<正>Prof.Chen Mingzhou's team at the State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center,College of Life Sciences,Wuhan University,reported the Phosphoprotein of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3(HPIV3)blocks autophagosome-lysosome fusion to increase virus production,which was published in Cell Host.Microbe(2014,15(5):564—577).     

Molecular basis of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae utilizing autophagy and cell wall integrity signaling to govern pathogenicity

<正>With the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team led by Prof.Zhang ZhengGuang(张正光)at the Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops of Education,Department of Plant Pathology,College of Plant Protection,Nanjing Agricultural University,went a step further into examining how the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae integrates     

Crystal structure of full-length human glucagon receptor reveals novel receptor activation mechanisms

正Subject Code:C05With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a team of scientists let by Profs.Wu Beili(吴蓓丽),Wang Mingwei and Jiang Hualiang from Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica,Chinese Academy of Sciences has determined the high-resolution atomic structure of a full-length class B G     

Agonist-bound structure of the human P2Y12 receptor

With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Prof. Zhao Qiang and Prof. Wu Beili＇s laboratories at Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, reported the crystal structure of the human P2Y12 receptor bound to an agonist, which was published in Nature （2014, 509（7498）： 119--122）.     

Structural basis for the functional regulation of an orphan nuclear receptor

<正>With the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Professors Lin Tianwei and Wu Qiao from the School of Life Sciences,Xiamen University,provided structural insights into the functional regulation of orphan nuclear receptor Nur77(aka TR3)by chemical compounds,which was reported in Nature Chemical Biology(2012,8(11):897—904)and Nature Chemical Biology(2014,10(2):133—140).     

Structural mechanism for autoinhibition of a NOD-like receptor

With the strong support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research group led by Prof.Chai Jijie reported the crystal structure and autoinhibition mechanism of a member of NODlike receptors（NLRs）in Science,（2013,341（6142）：172—175）.     

Allosteric receptor activation bythe plant peptide hormone phytosulfokine

<正>With the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China,the research teams led by Prof.Chai JiJie(柴继杰)from Tsinghua University,and Prof.Yang WeiCai(杨维才)at the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,reported recently on the allosteric receptor activation mechanism by the plant peptide hormone     

Structure of the human P2Y12 receptor in complex with an antithrombotic drug

With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Prof. Zhao Qiang＇s laboratory at Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, reported the crystal structure of the human P2Y12 receptor in complex with an anlithrombotic drug, which was published in Nature （2014, 509（7498）. 115-8）.     

DNA感受器AIM2在心血管疾病中的研究

黑色素瘤缺乏因子(absent in melanoma 2, AIM2),是PYHIN(含pyrin和HIN结构域蛋白质)家族的一员,在感应双链DNA(dsDNA)和组装AIM2炎症小体方面发挥重要作用。AIM2炎症小体,具有促炎症和促焦亡特性,与心血管疾病的发生发展密切相关,可在动脉粥样硬化斑块、主动脉瘤壁和受损心肌中被激活,且激活受到多种因素的严格调控。文章总结了AIM2的最新研究进展,介绍不同因素对AIM2炎症小体激活的机制和作用。此外,还探讨了AIM2与动脉粥样硬化、主动脉瘤、心肌梗死和心力衰竭病理之间的相互影响,为更好地理解AIM2在心血管疾病中的病理作用、开发新治疗方法助力。     

DNA感受器AIM2在心血管疾病中的研究

黑色素瘤缺乏因子(absent in melanoma 2, AIM2)，是PYHIN(含pyrin和HIN结构域蛋白质)家族的一员，在感应双链DNA(dsDNA)和组装AIM2炎症小体方面发挥重要作用。AIM2炎症小体，具有促炎症和促焦亡特性，与心血管疾病的发生发展密切相关，可在动脉粥样硬化斑块、主动脉瘤壁和受损心肌中被激活，且激活受到多种因素的严格调控。文章总结了AIM2的最新研究进展，介绍不同因素对AIM2炎症小体激活的机制和作用。此外，还探讨了AIM2与动脉粥样硬化、主动脉瘤、心肌梗死和心力衰竭病理之间的相互影响，为更好地理解AIM2在心血管疾病中的病理作用、开发新治疗方法助力。     

A novel inducible receptor on macrophages protects against endotoxin shock

With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Prof. Wang Hongyan＇s laboratory at the Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, reported VEGFR-3 as a novel inducible receptor on macrophages to protect against endotoxin shock. This work was published as a cover story in Immunity （2014, 40（4）： 501--14）.     

Molecular basis of Ebola virus bound to its endosomal receptor NPC1

<正>With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the research team led by Prof.George F Gao(高福)at the CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,uncovered the mystery of Ebola virus entry in the endosome of host cell,which was published in Cell(2016,164(1—2):     

嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)免疫疗法:绝处逢生的利剑

<正>癌症,因癌细胞的内源性、异质性和突变抗药性而难以治愈,被称为"不可逆转的细胞损伤"。目前癌症治疗的常规方法包括手术、放疗和化疗,都不能达到彻底治愈的效果。同时,放疗和化疗都会对机体的正常细胞,尤其是生长分裂旺盛的细胞,如造血干细胞造成损伤。癌症干细胞(cancer stem cell,CSC)的存在,也给术后的复发增添了风险。作为一种针对人体免疫系统而非针对肿瘤的疗法,癌症免疫疗法(cancer immunotherapy)近年来取得的一系列突破性成果得到了广泛的关注。     

Multi-organ site metastatic reactivation mediated by non-canonical discoidin domain receptor 1 signaling

<正>With the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China,the research teams led by Prof.Gao Hua(高华)from Tongji University,and Prof.Filippo Giancotti at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center,reported recently on the mechanism of multiorgan site metastatic creactivation,which was published in Cell(2016,166:47—62).     

苦味受体基因家族功能和演化研究的最新进展

苦味的识别作为一种防御机制, 能帮助动物避免摄入有毒物质, 它在动物的长期进化过程中起着至关重要的作用. 由于不同动物具有不同的生存环境和取食偏好, 使苦味识别能力在动物的长期进化中产生了分化. 苦味的识别源于苦味物质和苦味受体的结合, 所以对编码苦味受体基因的研究成为研究苦味识别的分子基础. 近年来, 随着体外功能实验体系的建立, 越来越多苦味受体的配体被发现. 另一方面, 随着许多脊椎动物基因组的测序完成, 人们对苦味受体基因家族的演化研究也取得了很大的进展. 对演化驱动力的研究, 能够使我们了解不同物种中苦味受体功能的变化趋势, 从而帮助我们发现更多的苦味配体. 本文主要介绍了苦味受体基因家族的功能及其在脊椎动物中演化的最新进展, 并对苦味受体基因家族今后的研究提出了展望.     

黄酮类化合物与雌激素受体作用的三维定量构效关系

黄酮类化合物是一种普遍存在于食物和植物中的内分泌干扰物. 选取20个典型的黄酮类化合物, 采用基于分子对接(docking)的比较分子场分析法(CoMFA)和比较分子相似性指数(CoMSIA)方法, 研究它们与雌激素受体(ER?)的相互作用, 建立了这些黄酮类化合物和雌激素受体之间的三维定量构效关系(QSAR)模型, 得到CoMFA模型的最佳交互验证相关系数Q²_LOO为0.845, 非交互验证相关系数R²为0.988, 相应的CoMSIA模型的交互验证相关系数Q²_LOO为0.670, 非交互验证相关系数R²为0.990, 说明模型具有很强的稳定性和预测能力. 此外, 分子对接结果揭示了受体腔中的关键残基及其与黄酮类化合物作用的具体方式.     

Molecular basis of tomato Sw-5b immune receptor mediated surveillance to tospovirus invasion

<正>With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team led by Prof.Tao XiaoRong(陶小荣)at the Department of Plant Pathology,Nanjing Agricultural University,reviewed