毒性分析微生物传感器电极固定方法研究

采用戊二醛-牛血清蛋白(GA-BSA)交联法和聚碳酸酯膜直接固定法制备了大肠杆菌(E.coli)微生物电极,探讨了基于E.coil电极的微生物传感器在重金属和毒性有机物急性毒性分析中的应用性能.试验结果表明,采用戊二醛-牛血清蛋白交联固定法制备的E.coli微生物电极的灵敏性较差,难以满足毒性分析需要.聚碳酸酯膜直接固定法制备的E.coli微生物电极具有良好的灵敏性和稳定性,在冰箱4℃保存2个月,仍能很好地满足毒性分析需要,该固定方法具有制备简单和可实现电极的重复利用等特点,大幅降低了微生物传感器的毒性分析成本.     

基于共价交联法固定酶的葡萄糖传感器的研制

以戊二醛为交联剂,将葡萄糖氧化酶共价交联于尼龙网上,再将固定有酶的尼龙网紧贴于氧电极表面,从而制备出高性能的葡萄糖生物传感器。对影响尼龙网活化因素及电极响应性能等进行了简要分析。     

谷氨酸生物传感器的研制

采用海藻酸钙凝胶包埋法及海藻酸钙凝胶包埋与戊二醛化学交联相结合的固定化方法，制备了固定化谷氨酸脱羧酶膜，与ＣＯ２气敏电极偶联制成谷氨酸生物传感器。经测试，对谷氨酸的线性响应范围为（１．０×１０（－２）～２．０×１０（－４））ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，斜率为５５．７ｍＶ，检测下限为２．３×１０（－４）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，稳态响应时间为（９～１５）ｍｉｎ。用包埋与交联相结合制得的传感器，其稳定性优于仅用包埋法制得的传感器。     

新型葡萄糖氧化酶电极与毛细管电泳的联用

采用浸涂法将1－二茂铁基乙胺和壳聚糖修饰到铂电极表面，与葡萄糖氧化酶溶液作用后用戊二醛交联，制备壳聚糖固定化葡萄糖化酶生物传感器，测定葡萄糖在传感器上的伏安曲，采用恒电位安培检测法，葡萄糖浓度在0.002-4.0mmol/L范围内与响应电流成线性关系，响应时间短，由于二茂铁衍生物和葡萄糖氧化酶通过包埋，键合等作用固定于壳聚糖膜,中不易从电极表面流失，电极稳定性较好，同时尝试将该电有与毛细管电泳联用，成功用于人血清中葡萄糖的测定。     

电聚合硫堇修饰青霉素酶电极的研制

制备了电聚合硫堇膜修饰青霉素酶电极(青霉素酶/Thi/GCE),用于检测残留青霉素.运用循环伏安法研究了青霉素G钠在该电极上的电化学行为,并对电极的制作条件及检测条件进行了优化.结果表明在戊二醛质量分数为2.47%,牛血清蛋白质量分数为6.57%,固定化时间为2.44h,用酶量为50μL条件下制备的酶电极在pH为7.0,温度为25℃时响应性能达到最佳.该电极对青霉素G钠的线性范围为0.08～1.0μg/mL.     

Eastman－AQ－四硫富瓦烯修饰的电流式葡萄糖传感器

用牛血清白蛋白－戊二醛交联剂把葡萄糖氧化酶固定在Ｅａｓｔｍａｎ－ＡＱ－四硫富瓦烯（ＴＴＦ）修饰电极上，再在电极的表面修饰一层Ｅａｓｔｍａｎ膜，制备成葡萄糖传感器．实验表明，ＴＴＦＦ＋１，ＴＴＦ＋２都能够氧化葡萄糖氧化酶中的辅酶（ＦＡＤＨ２）．该传感器的浓度线性范围为５．０×１０－４～１．０×１０－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，响应时间小于４０ｓ．     

血红蛋白在戊二醛膜修饰金电极上的直接电化学行为及其与氨茶碱的相互作用

用直接滴涂法将血红蛋白（Hb）固定到戊二醛（GA）膜修饰的金电极表面,通过循环伏安法研究了Hb在GA膜修饰金电极上的直接电化学行为.在0.1 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲溶液（PBS,pH 6.00）中,扫描速度为100mV/s时,该修饰电极的峰电位差ΔE=44 mV,氧化还原峰电流之比Ip,a/Ip,c=1.17,说明Hb在GA膜修饰电极上的氧化还原过程是可逆过程;随着缓冲溶液pH值的增大,其峰电位不变,而峰电流呈增大（pH=4.00～6.00）或减小（pH=6.00～8.00）的趋势.通过GA膜对Hb的吸附固定,不仅保持了Hb的生物活性,而且实现了Hb与电极之间的直接电子转移.利用此修饰电极,研究了Hb与药物氨茶碱之间的相互作用,求得Hb和氨茶碱的结合数为2.     

Eastman—AQ—四硫富瓦烯修饰的电流式葡萄糖传感器

用牛血清白蛋白－戊二醛交联剂把葡萄糖氧化酶固定在Ｅａｓｔｍａｎ－ＡＱ－四硫富瓦烯修饰电极上，再在电极的表面修饰－层Ｅａｓｔｍａｎ膜，制备成葡萄糖传感器，实验表明，ＴＴＦ＾＋１，ＴＴＦ＾＋２都能够氧化葡萄糖氧化酶中的辅酶，该传感器的浓度线性范围为５．０×１０６－４－１．０×１０＾－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ响应时间小于４０ｓ．     

共介修饰的辣根过氧化物酶及其在酶传感器中的应用

将介体对甲酰苯基二茂铁与辣根过氧化物酶共价结合,然后同单体毗咯一起电聚合到铂电极上,再通过戊二醛将葡萄糖氧化酶交联固定在电上,制成共价修饰的ＨＲＰ／ＧＯＤ介体酶传感器。共价修饰的酶传感器影响电流增大,底物测试范围０－４０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,电极稳定性增强。     

胆固醇传感器的研究

首次提出了用猪小腿皮中提取的胶原纤维作载体，采用电解包埋并辅以戊二醛交联的酶固定化方法制备胆固醇氧化酶膜，并与氧电极配合制备了游离胆固醇单酶传感器．在所选择的最佳试验条件下用于血样分析，对游离胆固醇的测定结果，与酶法测定总胆固醇值范围相符     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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