泰州大桥南锚沉井基础侧壁土压力监测研究

以泰州长江大桥南锚沉井基础为研究对象,对南锚沉井基础侧壁土压力进行了实时监测。根据大量现场实测资料,结合沉井下沉曲线和下沉施工工艺,系统分析沉井侧壁土压力的大小和变化规律,得出了侧壁土压力分布是非线性的;并会随着下沉深度呈现先增加后减小的趋势,以及对这种分布规律的原因进行了探讨。     

锚碇沉井基础下沉稳定性分析

基于可靠度理论,通过对基桩极限状态方程的分析,得到了基桩极限承载力影响因素。将这一理论运用到大型锚碇沉井下沉施工的稳定性之中,得到了衡量沉井下沉稳定性的三个指标,抗滑动稳定系数,抗倾覆稳定安全系数和下沉稳定系数。以鹦鹉洲长江大桥北锚碇沉井施工为例,通过对鹦鹉洲长江大桥北锚碇沉井不同工况,不同接高阶段、不同下沉阶段中下沉稳定系数的分析可知：同一工况、同一下沉周期内,随着接高次数的增加,稳定系数逐渐增大;同一工况下,稳定系数随着下沉次数的增多而逐渐减小;不同工况中,全截面稳定系数最低。在今后类似锚碇沉井的下沉施工中可采用下沉稳定系数对沉井下沉稳定性加以分析控制。     

沉井基础的施工技术

某工程沉井基础的施工技术:分节预制,第一节下沉后再接高第二节,地层透水性强时采用冲抓斗不排水开挖下沉,透水性差时采用人工排水开挖下沉,入岩部分排水后人工用风镐或风枪打眼辅以弱爆破开挖,导管法灌注水下混凝土封底。     

沉井下沉时土压力和侧壁摩阻力分析

基于极限平衡状态和平面滑裂面假定,推导出单一非黏性土层中沉井下沉时的土压力和侧壁摩阻力计算公式,采用等效内摩擦角和等效自重应力的方法将其推广至成层黏性土层中,并与某工程实测数据进行了对比分析.结果表明,沉井土压力和侧壁摩阻力随着土体内摩擦角的增大而减少,随着土体与沉井壁的外摩擦角的增大而增大;滑裂面的滑裂角随着外摩擦角的增大而增大,随着内摩擦角的增大先减少后增大;理论推导的土压力接近实测土压力,且基本介于主动土压力与静止土压力之间;实际工程中,在预估侧壁摩阻力时,可以考虑12m深度以下保持不变.     

锚碇沉井基础稳定性的规范算法与有限元方法的对比

锚碇基础的稳定性在悬索桥建设中占有至关重要的地位。通过规范的相应公式计算了某锚碇沉井基础的抗滑、抗倾覆稳定性安全系数;通过Midas/GTS软件建立了锚碇沉井基础的三维非线性有限元计算模型,并基于有限元分析结果建立了相应的抗滑、抗倾覆稳定安全系数的计算公式,对该锚碇沉井基础的抗滑、抗倾覆稳定安全系数进行了计算。通过对比分析,指出了目前规范计算中存在的缺陷。     

沉井施工技术的探讨

沉井技术广泛应用于工业建筑的深坑、地下室、设备深基础、墩台码头等埋深较大的复杂建构筑物工程,其处理效果比较理想,可以同时解决地基承载力和地基渗透变形等问题。本文着重探讨了沉井下沉施工技术、施工计算及封底技术,总结了沉井对周边建筑物所产生的影响。     

深厚覆盖层下锚碇沉井基础的极限承载力及其长期稳定性研究进展

评述深厚覆盖层下锚碇沉井基础的极限承载力及其长期稳定性问题的国内外研究进展,重点讨论锚碇沉井基础的极限承载力、短期和长期变位以及稳定性的基本理论和研究方法,详细阐述在该领域的研究现状和存在问题,并提出了未来研究重点和发展趋势。     

软弱土层上沉井施工技术研究

下沉系数K是沉井施工的重要参数,从沉井构造措施及井外堆载等手段调节K值的大小以达到解决软弱层上沉井施工中出现的超沉、突沉、偏沉滑移等施工难题.对涌泥、反涌、喷水冒砂等问题则应用软土地基加固技术来处理,在一些工程施工中取得很好的效果.     

软土地基上大型沉井基础安全监控模型

为了提高软土地基上大型沉井基础稳定性评价和安全监控的有效性,以江阴长江公路大桥北锚碇沉井基础为对象,在研究影响其稳定和安全运营主要因素的基础上,探讨了监控系统的主要结构,并从基础位移监控、基础抗滑稳定监控和地基土稳定监控3个方面建立了散索鞍水平位移监控模型、沉井前侧地基土水平向反力监控模型和基底反力监控模型.在综合现场观测数据和数值模拟结果的基础上,探讨了监控模型中原因量的主要构成及其与监控效应量之间函数关系的确定方法,并给出了江阴长江公路大桥北锚碇沉井基础主要控稳模型——散索鞍水平位移监控模型在通车运营期的具体函数表达式.研究结果表明,基础变位是软土地基上大型沉井基础的主要控稳因素,通过安全监控模型对其进行控制能为建筑物的安全运营提供保障.     

黄土地区沉井井壁土压力研究

以西安市交通项目北三环雨水工程沉井为研究对象,对沉井的下沉全过程进行了实时监测,根据大量现场实测资料,深入分析了实测土压力与主动土压力和静止土压力的关系,得出了黄土分布地区沉井下沉不同深度时井壁土压力的大小及分布规律,以及简便易行的计算方法和经验公式。     

锚碇沉箱基础与升浆基床摩擦性能研究

针对国内首个采用沉箱基础的海上悬索桥,主要对水下预填骨料抛石升浆基床与混凝土之间的摩擦性能,以及碎石基床与混凝土结构的摩擦因数展开研究.首先通过室内和现场实验得到碎石基床与混凝土结构的摩擦因数,在此基础上采用数值分析方法得到水下预填骨料抛石升浆基床与混凝土结构之间的摩擦性能.结果表明,普通碎石基床与混凝土沉箱之间的摩擦因数在设计规范规定的0.5~0.6内,而预填骨料抛石升浆基床与混凝土沉箱之间的摩擦因数为0.7~0.8,如考虑混凝土之间的黏结力膜作用,摩擦因数可达0.9.     

长春轻轨独塔无背索斜拉桥沉井基础施工

依托于长春市轻轨二期重点控制工程:轻轨独塔无背索斜拉桥施工控制技术研究中的相关内容,针对该桥主塔的超大沉井基础建设过程及异常情况的调整和纠偏进行了研究。     

沉井在不同真空预压处理程度的软土地基中下沉阻力特征研究

目前国内外暂无沉井基础与真空预压处理技术结合的研究。试验通过模型来模拟沉井在不同真空预压处理程度的软土地基中的下沉,对沉井侧摩阻力、刃脚底部阻力进行分析,并通过数值模拟进行对比分析,这对实际工程与理论研究都有参考意义。试验结果表明:随着真空预压处理时间的增加,沉井在软土地基中下沉时的侧摩阻力逐渐增加,靠近刃脚附近侧摩阻力减小的趋势消失;刃脚底部的土压力随着沉井下沉缓慢减小,其中刃脚斜面的土压力占比较工程实际偏大;在软土基础中沉井自重荷载在真空预压处理后提高了250%,且当含水率降低到45%左右时,沉井自重荷载有明显的提升;现有理论计算方式对于刃脚踏面的竖向受力计算偏大,对于刃脚斜面的竖向受力计算偏小。     

On-site tests to estimate aquifer permeability of drainage area of south caisson anchorage construction of Taizhou Bridge

During the construction of the south caisson anchorage of Taizhou Bridge, the drainage area is located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the permeability of stratums there is considerable. In order to maintain progress and guarantee safety during the sinking of the caisson, water should be drained in the initial period. Subsequently, detailed information about the aquifer permeability is required to make sure that the drainage will proceed successfully, which consequently necessitates the on-sit...     

On site tests to estimate aquifer permeability of drainage area of south caisson anchorage construction of Taizhou Bridge

During the construction of the south caisson anchorage of Taizhou Bridge, the drainage area is located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the permeability of stratums there is considerable. In order to maintain progress and guarantee safety during the sinking of the caisson, water should be drained in the initial period. Subsequently, detailed information about the aquifer permeability is required to make sure that the drainage will proceed successfully, which consequently necessitates the on-site estimation of the aquifer permeability in the drainage area. Therefore, the traditional pumping test and slug test are implemented respectively on site. The comparison of computational results of these two tests indicates that they are consistent overall. Notwithstanding, as slug test can be conducted with portable facilities in a short time and the manipulation is easy and few people need to be involved, the advantages of slug test is conspicuous compared with the traditional pumping test. It could be speculated that slug test will gain a prevalent application in the measurement of aquifer permeability in the future.     

超大型沉井降排水下沉施工

泰州大桥北锚碇沉井基础长67.9 m、宽52 m、高57 m,在沉井下沉的初期,采用降排水下沉。降排水下沉施工成本相比不排水下沉低,且下沉效率高,易控制,可形成良好的下沉导向,并确保沉井的下沉速度和精度,适宜在粉细砂、软塑性亚黏土等地质条件下采用。文章以泰州大桥北锚碇沉井基础为例,介绍了超大型沉井降排水施工的降排水下沉施工工艺。     

A Study of the system control model of caisson dewatering of the north anchorage of Taizhou Bridge

A caisson foundation is applied to the north anchorage of Taizhou Yangtze River Highway Bridge of which the initial caisson sinking requires dewatering. Since the caisson foundation is quite close to nearby buildings, a system control model is established with source (sink) distribution and intensity being the object function, minimum requirements of settlement and deformation of surroundings caused by dewatering and dynamic water levels during different working procedures being constraints, and the design parameter of pumping wells being the variable,so as to lower the jeopardizing of surrounding buildings, which provides a new method for active control over settlement during dewatering. Such a method of dewatering based on system control model should be of significance for similar projects involving dewatering.     

Numerical analysis on bearing capacity of middle pylon caisson foundation of Taizhou Bridge

Because of the computation difficulty of the bearing capacity of large underwater caisson foundation on thick overburden layer ground, the geotechnical software FLAC3D was utilized in the 3D numerical analysis on the bearing capacity of middle pylon foundation. From the computational results, it is concluded that the caisson foundation has a good bearing capacity on thick overburden layer ground and the bearing capacity can be improved assuming that the soil near the area of basal corner is reinforced.