八字岭隧道软弱富水段施工技术

宜万铁路八字岭隧道为全线5座动态设计隧道之一,该隧道存在岩溶、断层破碎带、煤层瓦斯、高地应力、易发生突泥突水及高水压段等不良地质。介绍该隧道通过施工超前地质预报技术,先探明DK108 510～ 630地质情况,针对该段地质情况确定帷幕注浆、长大管棚穿越方案和施工特点。     

基于风险评估的隧道地质超前预报技术分析——以向莆铁路（福建段）为例

首先介绍了基于风险评估的隧道地质超前预报技术,进而以向莆铁路隧道地质风险评估为例分析了该技术应用.分析了几种隧道地质工程超前预报的技术特点,结合向莆铁路隧道工程,提出了该工程超前预报的具体技术方案.     

对地质条件复杂的隧道进行超前地质预报工作的意见

本文以天平铁路六盘山特长隧道为例,分析介绍了对地质条件复杂的隧道进行超前地质预报工作的目的,预报方法,特别是岩溶、断层破碎带等不良地质体的预报方法,采用多种手段互补的综合超前地质预报技术,极大提高了超前地质预报的准确性;文中介绍了各种不良地质现象的地质异常特性和物探成果数据的异常,可提前发现不良地质体,减少地质灾害的发生,对隧道安全施工具有一定的指导意义。     

三维地震波层析成像技术在隧道超前地质预报中的应用

超前地质预报是隧道施工中不可或缺的必要步骤,是降低施工过程地质灾害发生、减少灾害损失的重要手段.三维地震波层析成像技术是利用地震波反射原理,采用地震层析成像及全息岩土成像技术的新型超前地质预报技术,在国内应用较少.文中介绍了三维地震波层析成像技术的工作原理及方法,并结合工程地质类比法,对新建大瑞铁路尖山岭隧道进行了超前地质预报.研究结果表明,三维地震波层析成像技术对隧道超前地质预报效果良好,准确率达到90%.     

TSP技术在云桂铁路某隧道断裂构造预报中的应用

由于隧道施工地质条件的复杂性,为确保隧道施工安全,采用超前地质预报为后续施工提供安全建议是非常必要的。本文通过对云桂铁路某隧道灰岩地层断裂构造预测预报中TSP技术分析方法与应用效果的经验总结,给出了在灰岩地层中开展TSP技术超前地质预报的分析标准,可以给类似条件的地质预报提供参考。     

宜万铁路岩溶隧道施工地质技术

以宜万铁路岩溶隧道的施工地质技术实践为例，介绍了施工地质作为工程勘察阶段工程地质勘探在施工阶段的延续，用以在施工过程中解决勘察阶段所没有或不能解决的工程地质问题。施工地质以超前地质预测预报为主体，以规避大型施工地质灾害为目的，在施工阶段针对可能发生的隧道围岩变更；可能存在的溶腔、断层构造、地下暗河的预测预报；可能引发的水文环境地质问题；工程竣工以后可能存在的隐伏地质病害等，在隧道施工环境条件下为保证施工进度、保证施工安全、保证工程效益、保证工程质量所进行的综合工程地质工作。施工地质包括综合超前地质预报、水文观测和隧道周边及隧底隐伏岩溶探查。     

论隧道施工中超前地质预报技术的应用

介绍了超前地质预报技术的概念,探讨了隧道超前地质预报方法及应用,通过对某隧道超前地质预报,减少了隧道施工过程中的盲目性,避免了重大的不良地质或灾害地质的发生。     

岩溶地区长大隧道综合立体式超前地质预报技术研究

隧道施工中对隧道掌子面前方一定范围内的地质情况进行超前探测和预测预报是保证隧道施工安全的金子山隧道岩溶富水区施工中,引进了TSP203隧道地质超前预报系统、地质雷达、红外线测水仪等先进仪器进行多途径超前地质预报.针对当前物理探测存在的多解性的特点,在施工实践中逐渐形成了以中长超前物探和超前水平地质钻探验证为主,辅以短距离地质素描超前分析和施工前超长炮孔加密确认的"多阶段、多手段、多层次"的"综合立体式超前预报技术".以此技术为依托对强岩溶区富水隧道施工进行超前地质预测、预报,成功地穿越了金子山隧道进口工区岩溶富水带.     

宜（昌）万（州）铁路金子山隧道超前地质预报实施方案

论述了宜万铁路金子山隧道超前地质预报的实施方案.并结合宏观地质.对隧道前方一定距离和隧道周边一定范围内的不良地质进行了超前预测预报分析,发现隧道施工前方地质条件的变化.确保了隧道施工安全.     

毕家里隧道超前地质预报技术应用及管理

为进一步查明隧道施工前期未查明的、隐伏的重大地质问题,现代长大隧道开挖中,依据超前地质预报技术对前方岩体进行判别。从毕家里隧道超前地质预报实际出发,阐述了TSP超前地质预报在毕家里隧道中的应用,为隧道信息化施工提供了重要信息,降低了隧道施工过程中地质灾害发生的机率和危害程度,使隧道施工更安全、科学。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with