高温后植筋黏结滑移力学性能试验

对在不同受热温度和不同加载制度下混凝土构件中2种锚固长度植筋的黏结滑移力学性能进行了试验.植筋的锚固长度分别为7倍和15倍植筋直径,受热温度分别为50℃,80℃,150℃和200℃.加载制度考虑单向拉拔和反复加载.分析了加载制度、锚固长度和加热温度对植筋试件的极限黏结应力和极限滑移的影响.结果表明,不同条件对植筋试件的黏结滑移力学性能有显著影响.根据试验结果给出了高温后植筋试件黏结应力的计算方法.     

不同冷却方式下四面受火钢筋混凝土柱的力学性能

对四面受火钢筋混凝土柱在经历不同加热温度(250℃,450℃,650℃)、不同冷却方式(喷水与自然冷却)情况下的力学性能进行了试验研究,分析了高温后冷却方式对钢筋混凝土柱耐火极限和承载力的影响.结果表明,受热温度和冷却方式对高温后钢筋混凝土柱的极限承载力有较大影响.随着温度的升高,钢筋混凝土柱的承栽力逐渐降低,且不同的冷却方式对其承载力均有影响,与自冷柱相比,喷水冷却加剧了钢筋混凝土柱正截面承载能力的退化.     

温度作用对碳纤维混凝土界面黏结性能的影响

为研究温度作用对碳纤维(CFRP)—混凝土黏结界面剪切性能的影响,首先进行了温度作用下不同固化条件的胶黏剂黏结性能试验,研究了温度作用及固化方式对胶黏剂拉伸剪切性能的影响.试验发现,玻璃化温度是影响胶黏剂高温性能的一个重要指标,温度作用下胶黏剂材料的黏结性能退化大部分发生在其玻璃化转变区域.其次,结合常温下已有的CFRP—混凝土界面黏结应力—滑移关系提出了温度作用下界面黏结应力—滑移关系的计算方法.最后,汇总和分析了目前已有的CFRP—混凝土界面试验研究结果,引入胶黏剂玻璃化温度这一参数,给出了温度作用下CFRP—混凝土界面剪切黏结强度、极限承载力和初始剪切刚度计算模型.     

高温喷水冷却后圆钢管高强混凝土 的界面黏结性能试验研究

为研究高温喷水冷却后圆钢管高强混凝土界面间的黏结性能,设计22个圆钢管试件进行高温啧水冷却处理后的静力推出试验,主要考虑混凝土强度、历经最高温度、锚固长度、恒温时长和冷却方式的影响.通过试验揭示了高温喷水冷却后圆钢管高强混凝土界面黏结失效机理,分析了各变化参数对其黏结性能的影响,并提出高温喷水冷却后圆钢管高强混凝土黏结强度的计算公式.结果表明:高温喷水冷却后试件加载端与自由端的荷载滑移曲线变化趋势基本相似,并可将其分为三类典型曲线;推出试验中钢管外表面应变与距加载端的距离呈指数关系分布;高温啧水冷却后,试件的黏结强度随混凝土强度的增大变化较小,与锚固长度成反比,恒温时长大于60 min后基本稳定,随历经最高温度的升高,极限黏结强度先增大后减小再增大,残余黏结强度先增大再减小;与自然冷却试件相比,啧水冷却试件的极限黏结强度、残余黏结强度与剪切黏结刚度均较小,界面耗能能力较大.运用文中所提出的黏结强度计算公式算得的结果与试验值吻合良好.     

高温后钢筋与玄武岩纤维混凝土黏结性能

对经历不同温度和玄武岩纤维掺量的混凝土试件进行中心拉拔试验,基于黏结-滑移整体曲线分析温度和纤维掺量对光圆钢筋与混凝土黏结性能的影响.结果表明:400℃以下时,温度对钢筋与混凝土间黏结应力造成的损失较小,黏结-滑移曲线的4个阶段变化明显,而升温至600℃和800℃时造成黏结应力严重损失,曲线没有明显的阶段变化.在200℃时黏结性能较好,在800℃时黏结性能较差.纤维掺量对黏结性能也有较大影响,适量纤维的掺入有利于提高混凝土的整体性能,改善高温后钢筋混凝土的黏结性能,而过量掺入则会降低高温后混凝土黏结性能.     

高温喷水冷却后方钢管高强混凝土的界面黏结性能

为研究高温喷水冷却后方钢管高强混凝土界面间的黏结性能,设计22个试件进行静力推出试验,其中包括18个喷水冷却试件和4个自然冷却试件,主要考虑混凝土强度、历经最高温度、锚固长度、恒温时长和冷却方式的影响。通过试验揭示了高温喷水冷却后方钢管高强混凝土界面黏结失效机理,分析了各变化参数对其黏结性能的影响,并提出了高温喷水冷却后方钢管高强混凝土极限黏结强度和残余黏结强度的计算公式。结果表明:高温喷水冷却后方钢管高强混凝土加载端与自由端的荷载滑移曲线可分为两类典型曲线;高温喷水冷却后,试件的黏结强度随历经最高温度的升高先增大后减小,随混凝土强度的增大而增大,随锚固长度的增大而减小,且与恒温60 min试件相比,恒温90 min试件的黏结强度有所回升;与自然冷却试件相比,喷水冷却试件的极限黏结强度、残余黏结强度与剪切黏结刚度均较小,但界面耗能能力较大;运用文中所提出的黏结强度计算公式算得的结果与试验值吻合良好。     

冻融循环和氯盐腐蚀对钢筋与混凝土黏结性能的影响

为了解不同环境对钢筋与混凝土黏结性能的影响,经冻融循环和氯盐腐蚀试验后,对试件进行了拔出测试.研究结果表明:钢筋与混凝土极限黏结强度和延性随冻融循环次数的增加而降低;钢筋腐蚀程度较低时,试件未产生锈胀裂缝,黏结强度较高,但延性较未腐蚀试件下降明显;试件腐蚀后,载荷-滑移曲线斜率增大,极限载荷对应的滑移减小;对于螺纹钢筋试件,当其冻融循环次数较少时,黏结性能无明显变化;光圆钢筋试件在冻融循环25次后,当加载到20kN时,钢筋能产生较大滑移,腐蚀后其黏结强度稍有提高,滑移减小,延性降低;钢筋应力经加载端向自由端逐渐降低,峰值靠近自由端,且随冻融次数的增加趋于平缓.根据试验实测结果并考虑黏结锚固位置,建立了冻融循环和腐蚀作用后钢筋与混凝土的黏结-滑移本构模型.     

冻融循环与持续荷载共同作用下FRP片材-混凝土界面黏结性能的退化行为

为研究冻融循环影响下纤维增强复合材料(FRP)外贴加固混凝土结构的界面性能,通过双面剪切试验研究冻融循环与持续荷载共同作用下FRP片材-混凝土界面黏结性能的退化行为。在经历最大200次冻融循环作用后,对试件进行静态加载,并采用数字图像相关法量测试件表面的全场位移,进而计算界面黏结滑移关系。试验结果表明:冻融循环作用对FRP片材-混凝土界面的极限承载力、极限滑移、FRP最大应变、最大剪应力、界面断裂能等均有明显的削弱作用,界面黏结滑移曲线退化显著;预加荷载的存在加剧了冻融循环作用后界面黏结性能的退化;冻融循环作用前后界面的破坏模式也发生了显著改变。     

冻融环境下引气剂对钢筋与混凝土黏结性能影响的试验研究

针对冻融环境下钢筋与混凝土结构黏结性能劣化的问题开展试验研究。以引气剂掺入量和冻融循环次数为变动因素制作了3批共9组钢筋混凝土试件,采用快速冻融试验和钢筋中心拔出试验方法,研究了冻融环境下不同掺量引气混凝土与钢筋之间的黏结应力、滑移量,对比分析了引气剂对冻融环境下钢筋与混凝土黏结性能的影响规律。试验结果表明,掺入一定量引气剂可使试件的冻融损伤现象得到缓解,冻融环境下钢筋混凝土的黏结性能得到明显改善。     

高温下钢筋与混凝土的黏结性能试验与分析

为研究钢筋混凝土构件在高温下的黏结性能,制作了25个中心拉拔试件及8个温度场试件,同时制作了标准立方体试块.对钢筋、标准立方体试块及中心拉拔试件分别进行室温(20℃)、100℃、200℃、400℃和600℃加温,完成了高温后钢筋抗拉强度试验、高温下标准立方体试块劈裂抗拉强度试验、温度场试验及中心拉拔试验.根据温度场试验研究结果,提出一种简易的高温下中心拉拔试验的方法,阐述不同温度下钢筋强度、混凝土抗拉劈裂强度及钢筋与混凝土黏结性能的退化规律,并从混凝土的力学性能退化角度分析了高温环境对黏结强度的影响,并以割线刚度的方法定量地研究了高温对黏结刚度的影响.试验结果表明:高温后钢筋强度在低于400℃时变化不大,高温下混凝土劈裂抗拉强度基本呈线性下降,且高温下钢筋与混凝土的黏结强度变化趋势与混凝土抗拉强度衰减趋势相近.以滑移量0.015mm为临界点,黏结刚度与温度的关系曲线呈现两种不同变化形式.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that