叶片有限元分析中弹塑性过渡区应力奇异产生原因及解决方法

采用弹塑性有限元法、借助大型商业有限元软件对汽轮机叶片进行应力分析时,弹塑性过渡区应力的计算值有时会高于塑性区应力的计算值,即会产生应力奇异现象。为分析产生这一现象的原因,以8节点六面体单元为例,研究了有限元法计算应力的过程,并在理想弹塑性的条件下,采用有限元法和解析法计算了弹塑性过渡区单元节点应力。研究发现,有限元法通常采用高斯积分点应力值外推插值法得到单元节点应力,当单元一部分位于弹性区、另一部分位于塑性区时,这种外插算法会导致节点应力计算值高于结构的实际应力,甚至超出理想弹塑性材料的屈服极限,从而造成应力奇异。研究表明,在叶片弹塑性的有限元分析中,采用相邻高斯积分点应力加权平均的方法计算单元节点应力,可有效避免弹塑性过渡区应力产生奇异的现象。     

单层组合网壳的弹,塑性稳定分析及试验研究

针对单层组合网壳层曲过程的几何和材料非线性性态，在Ｔ．Ｌ．坐标系要用非线性有限元方法进行稳定跟踪分析，用塑性节点法考虑单元的弹，塑性影响，从而减少了计算量。分析中考虑了主要几何缺陷的影响。     

空间钢框架结构的二阶渐进弹塑性分析

给出了空间钢框架结构几何非线性有限元列式，可以直接考虑单元的轴向扭转屈曲效应；在此基础上采用塑性流动理论并应用Orbison屈服面方程，得到了空间钢框架塑性铰分析的弹塑性刚度矩阵，用以对空间钢框架结构进行二阶弹塑性分析并可以考虑单元内塑性的发展和内力的重分布；在单元内部采用截面内力跟踪技术以考虑单元内部形成塑性铰的情况．给出的几个算例，说明该方法计算效率高，精度可靠，可以用于大型空间钢框架结构的高等结构分析。     

考虑节理单元的弹塑性概率计算方法

阐述了考虑节理单元后的三维随机有限元计算方法，并结合塑性理论将岩土工程中的塑性屈服准则引入随机有限元方法中．结合具体屈服准则推导了随机有限元的基本计算公式，给出考虑节理单元及塑性屈服问题在三维情况下的位移、应力的均值与方差，利用这些公式可计算出每一单元的屈服概率从而求出结构的可靠度。     

T形焊接方管内加劲节点轴向力下的承载力

简述了国内外桁架节点加强的研究现状;对主管为焊接方管、支管为圆管的T形内部加劲节点在轴向力作用下的承载力,进行了较为系统的有限元数值分析;采用板壳单元,比较研究了多种参数下节点的极限承载力;通过试验与有限元的对比研究,为数值计算参数的选择提供了可靠的依据.相对于非加强节点,加劲节点具有更强的承载力.在大量节点数值计算基础上,对加劲板的内部布置、几何尺寸、承载力的提高等方面进行了系统分析,为此类节点型式在工程中的应用提供了设计参考.     

椭圆型偏微分方程的三角形单元有限元的数值解法

本文以椭圆型偏微分方程问题为背景研究三角形单元的有限元方法.随着计算机图形学的发展,三角形单元划分取得了巨大的成就,可以得到质量非常好的三角形单元,进而提高偏微分方程的有限元方法的数值解的精度.本文采用节点增量算法,对问题区域进行三角形单元划分,得到的三角形单元满足Delaunay条件,再对三角形单元的所有节点采用自适应编号,最后运用三角形单元的有限元方法得到椭圆型偏微分方程的数值解.通过数值实验,得出相比传统的三角形单元的有限元方法,本文的三角形单元的有限元方法减小了舍入误差,提高了计算精度.     

斜齿轮精确接触分析有限元建模方法

针对影响齿轮有限元接触分析应力计算精度的关键因素：有限元模型网格质量、接触带网格密度和齿面节点几何精度,提出一种高效的斜齿轮三维有限元精确齿面控制建模方法.优化算法求解接触线方程,规划斜齿轮节点模型潜在接触带节点分布,局部细化接触带单元,映射轮齿表层节点到设计齿面上,实现齿面精确几何建模.数值实验表明整体采用六面体单元映射网格划分结合接触带局部单元细化建模方法,能够有效地解决斜齿轮有限元接触分析计算精度与计算效率之间的矛盾.     

大型洞室围岩计算中分期施工计算机程序处理

在有限元程序中设置"0"类区和虚单元,程序能自动识别新开挖边界节点号,并通过施加卸荷荷载的方法计算大型地下洞室分期施工各阶段的围岩变形和应力.虚单元不计算单元刚度矩阵,不参与形成总体刚度矩阵.虚节点无节点力,不形成方程.通过标志矩阵自动搜索新的开挖边界节点,并由单元应力计算出节点的卸荷荷载.     

基于ABAQUS的RC框架节点的有限元分析

文章应用有限元分析软件ABAQUS,采用混凝土损伤塑性模型对钢筋混凝土框架节点的性能进行了非线性有限元分析,其中混凝土与钢筋分别采用实体单元与桁架单元进行分离式建模,并使用Embed技术进行自由度的耦合。将试验结果与有限元分析进行对比,结果表明梁柱节点自由端在竖向单调加载作用下的荷载位移曲线与试验结果比较吻合,计算的变形模式同试件破坏形态一致。文中采用参数分析,探讨了混凝土膨胀角、黏性系数及损伤因子对计算结果的影响,为实际工程中的节点设计提供试验与理论依据。     

液压支架顶梁的弹塑性分析

在液压支架的设计中,传统的方法是把顶梁假设成杆,用材料力学的方法计算其危险截面的应力,并且把弹性极限弯矩作为设计时的最大许用弯矩。本文把顶梁假设成—交叉梁系,对其作了弹塑性有限元分析,导出了部分节点弯矩超过弹性极限弯矩的梁单元刚度矩阵,并对计算方法的收敛性作了讨论,分析了液压支架在部分节点达到塑性后的安定问题。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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