基于斜向通道的云闪放电特性研究

雷暴过程中,云闪发生频次约占总闪电频次的2/3以上;但由于云地闪对人类危害较大,目前对其研究较多。随着微电子技术的发展,云闪的电磁辐射特性也越来越受到重视。将云闪的放电通道近似为一斜向通道,考虑镜像电流,将回击电流近似为水平偶极子与垂直偶极子的叠加,根据Maxwell方程,推导了云闪斜向通道电磁场计算模型。通道基电流选取脉冲函数,在MTLL传输模型下计算了斜向放电通道在地面1~200 km处激发的电磁场波形。计算结果表明云闪斜向放电通道中水平偶极子与回击点高度对近场电磁场的影响较大。随着距离的增加,影响越来越小;在大于50 km的远场区,其影响可以忽略。     

云闪斜向通道闪电电磁辐射特性研究

雷暴过程中,云闪发生频次约占总闪电频次的2/3以上;但由于云地闪对人类危害较大,目前对其研究较多.随着微电子技术的发展,云闪的电磁辐射特性也越来越受到重视.将云闪的放电通道近似为一斜向通道,考虑镜像电流,将回击电流近似为水平偶极子与垂直偶极子的叠加,根据Maxwell方程,推导了云闪斜向通道电磁场计算模型.通道基电流选取脉冲函数,在MTLL传输模型下计算了斜向放电通道在地面1～200 km处激发的电磁场波形.计算结果表明云闪斜向放电通道中水平偶极子与回击点高度对近场电磁场的影响较大.随着距离的增加,影响越来越小;在大于50 km的远场区,其影响可以忽略.     

加速电荷辐射原理求解雷击水平导体辐射场

雷击电力和通信线路或建筑物水平金属时,雷击点处或导体弯曲处会辐射出较强电磁场,分析雷击水平导体周围电磁场对于周边物体雷电防护具有重要意义。根据经典电动力学中加速电荷产生辐射场的原理,将雷击水平导体辐射电磁场分成通道产生电磁场和导线产生电磁场两部分,两者因传播速度不同分别建立不同运动电荷辐射场模型。实例以地面上水平导体受雷击及90°直角折弯导线流经雷电流后电磁场作分析,并绘出对应的辐射电场波形。分析结果表明雷击导体附近辐射电场主要由雷击点和弯曲点处电荷加速与减速引起。加速电荷辐射场分析法与偶子极等方法有异曲同工之妙,且更有助于理解雷击处电磁辐射物理机制。     

电晕放电辐射场实验研究

针对带高压物体的电晕放电辐射信号的时域、频域特征开展研究,对静电电晕放电电流、辐射场进行了理论分析,设计完成了静电电晕放电电流及辐射信号实验.研究发现,不同极性电晕放电的辐射场波形测试有明显差别:实验条件为负极性时,先发生电晕放电,但正极性放电发生时,脉冲幅值比负极性时大;负电晕电流脉冲波形的上升时间小于正电晕电流.实验结构不同,电晕放电辐射场的特征不同:利用电晕放电针与直流高压源直接相连的实验结构得到的放电波形的上升时间为十几个ns,频率分布集中在20～100 MHz;利用孤立导体电晕放电实验结构得到的放电波形的上升时间为几个ns,频率分布集中在200～600 MHz.结论对于研究带高压物体的电晕放电辐射信号特征具有很好的参考价值.     

矿井电快速瞬变脉冲辐射特性研究

为了研究井下电快速瞬变脉冲群引起的辐射骚扰,分析了EFT/B单脉冲波形的频谱,得出其幅值频谱达到1 GHz,运用时变电流源电磁辐射理论,建立了电快速瞬变脉冲电流激励下电偶极子辐射电磁场的时域解析模型,并进行了仿真计算. 仿真结果表明,辐射电磁场与峰值电流成正比,辐射电场较强,磁场较弱,场强随距离增加而迅速衰减,辐射场以近场为主. 通过井下开关投切试验,验证了投切感性负载会引起较为严重的瞬态电磁辐射骚扰.      

多态性局部放电簇的小波提取算法

对于局部放电类型相对单一的高压电缆等电力设施,考虑到不同传输特性的测量回路对数据的影响,可选取相应最优母小波并采用多分辨分析进行局部放电脉冲的提取,这一根据局部放电脉冲波形特性调整滤波参数的思想颇具启发性.在实际工况下,影响局部放电实测波形的因素很多.由于不同的局部放电机理、原发位置及在设备内部不同的传播和衰减,造成了实测局部放电脉冲波形的多态性.为了更完整地提取各类局部放电信息,在无法获取先验的局部放电波形特征的条件下,提出了应用多种母小波分别进行分析并去冗余合成的多态性局部放电簇的提取算法,通过对仿真和实测数据的计算,验证了其良好效果.     

基于FDTD的振幅频谱法定位精度评估

为提高单站雷电定位系统的探测范围及定位精度,利用时域有限差分法对数百千米内雷电辐射电磁场的传播特征进行分析,分别计算了传输线模型(TL)、电流线性衰减的传输线模型(MTLL)、电流指数衰减的传输线模型(MTLE)3种回击模型在有限导电情况时,不同距离处雷电通道的垂直电场与磁场的分布。利用数值计算得到雷电电磁场波形,定量评估了振幅频谱法适用的探测范围及定位精度。结果表明:对于TL、MTLL和MTLE 3种模型,振幅频谱法定位相对误差小于10%的范围应分别为19~43km,17~46km和9~38km;对于距离测站小于9km或大于46km的雷电辐射源,3种回击模型得到的振幅频谱法定位相对误差均大于10%。因此,雷电源距离测站太近或太远,振幅频谱法均不适用。     

水中高压脉冲放电的光辐射研究

目的 研究水中高压脉冲放电的光辐射性质。方法 通过高温计－示波器系统,测量放电的光谱辐射亮度;采用灰体辐射模型,计算放电通道的温度和发射率;结合放电的电特性,分析这一过程中等离子体的光辐射特性。结果 在电容器储能为３１２．５Ｊ、最大峰值电流为５０ｋＡ的条件下,计算得到的最高温度约为５×１０＾４Ｋ。光辐射能量的绝大部分分布在远紫外的范围（１０￣２００ｎｍ）。结论 水中放电的光辐射特性对应于放电的电特     

L波段超宽带微型无人机测控链路性能分析

建立了基于载波的微型无人机超宽带通信链路模型;给出了符合数据传播特性的高斯脉冲波形:在分析测控信道特征及微型无人机模型电磁场远场分布的基础上,给出了超宽带无人机航空信道模型,以及时延Rake接收系统误码率特性.实测数据的仿真结果表明该系统适合低速率微型无人机数据传输.     

局部放电脉冲波形数字测量与分析系统

为检测局部放电快速变化的脉冲电流波形及根据波形进行放电模式识别工作 ,研制了一套数字测量与分析系统。系统硬件部分包括宽带信号检测器件、高速数字示波器等。实测着重考虑了高压测量中的屏蔽 ,高速采集系统的带宽 ,以及放电实验样品的多样性等因素。结果证明该测量系统具有灵敏度高 ,测量准确 ,对脉冲波形畸变小等优点 ,可用于测量局部放电脉冲波形。系统软件的采样程序能够通过人机界面完成对示波器的通信与控制 ,数据的人工或自动采集 ,波形绘制与打印 ,数据的二进制、ASCII码、图形文件保存及文件间转化。系统软件的数据处理程序能够完成对波形的检出和特征量的提取。特征提取中应用了包括自回归模型在内的多种方法。采用前馈神经网络对不同的放电模式进行了识别。研究结果表明 ,利用局部放电的脉冲波形可以识别不同模式的放电     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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