T型MEMS矢量水听器外围信号调理电路的设计

T型MEMS矢量水听器可用于探测水下声音信号;但是接收信号微弱,且在水下环境中容易受到噪声的影响。针对接收信号的特点,为了提高信号信噪比,更好地进行后续的信号分析和处理,设计了外围信号调理电路;包括滤波模块和放大模块。通过软件仿真和测试,验证了设计方案的的可行性和有效性。     

基于MEMS矢量水听器阵列的潜标系统

为研究MEMS矢量水听器在潜标中的应用,设计了一种可搭载其矢量阵列的潜标系统。系统阵列由4个矢量水听器组成,其姿态信息通过三维姿态传感器实时给出。矢量水听器的输出信号经前置放大电路预处理后传输至数据记录器,经采样后和姿态信息一起存储在Flash Memory中。对系统进行了海上试验,试验结果表明:潜标系统在水下工作稳定,可正确记录海洋中的水声信号。     

低噪声水声信号前置放大器设计

水下信息的发送与接收主要通过声信号的传播,水听器作为常用的水声信号接收装置,需要前置放大器来提高所获取信号的质量。文中选用AD8421仪表放大器芯片与OP2177精密运算放大器芯片设计了一种低噪声水声信号前置放大器,该电路增益为26 dB,工作带宽为100 Hz～20 kHz,输出信号为差分形式,同时具有小体积、低功耗的特点。通过连接某型压电水听器,测试了电路工作性能以及对水听器信号的调理效果。实测结果表明,该前置放大器能满足设计技术指标要求,在实际工作中取得了良好的效果。     

基于矢量水听器的水下战武器二维弹道测量研究

 水下弹道测量是水下战武器试验的重要内容。本文基于矢量水听器测量水中目标航行噪声,利用矢量水听器测向原理,经过数字信号处理器对矢量信号进行分析处理,得出武器水下航行的二维弹道轨迹。介绍矢量水听器测量原理和矢量浮标阵纯方位定位原理。通过实验室消声水池测试对矢量水听器声压与振速相位差进行修正,利用湖上试验对矢量水听器的测向误差进行修正。采用DGPS水面定位与水下水声定位相结合的方法,研制了水下战武器二维弹道测量系统,介绍测量系统的3个主要组成部分及其主要功能,并在海上实际试验中验证了基于矢量水听器的水下武器弹道测量方法先进可行、实时性强、测量精度高、使用方便,可以满足实际使用要求。     

基于量子阱薄膜的纳机电矢量水听器设计

根据介观压阻效应原理以及柱体声学理论,提出了一种基于量子阱薄膜的纳机电矢量水听器,期望利用量子阱薄膜材料的高灵敏度压阻效应以及水听器精巧的微结构,提高矢量水听器的灵敏度,实现水听器的低频特性及结构微小型化。首先概括地描述了介观压阻效应原理以及柱体声学理论;完成了水听器的结构设计;采用GaAs基微机械加工工艺完成了水听器的加工并对水听器进行了封装,最后对研制出的水听器的性能指标进行了测试,测试结果表明：纳机电矢量水听器不但体积小、质量轻、结构简单,而且能够获取水下声场的质点振动信息,具有＂8字型＂的指向性,可进行水下声信号的定位探测。     

基于矢量水听器测向交汇的浮标定位系统设计

矢量水听器同时获取声压和振速信息,通过具有方向性的振速矢量场信息实现对目标定向。以矢量水听器高精度测向为基础,通过多点测向交汇实现对水下噪声源的定位跟踪。本文介绍了定位系统的结构设计,分析其关键技术。该方案经过功能扩展,还可应用于对击水声等瞬态信号的定位。     

声音传感器辐照实验研究

在给定的剂量率点,对动圈式、电容式、硅微式声音传感器进行了大剂量辐照实验研究,观察传感器随总剂量增强时其输出信号的变化,分析辐射效应机理。结果表明：动圈式声音传感器耐辐照性能最强;硅微式声音传感器由于内部放大电路的静态工作点会在γ射线的影响下产生漂移,导致信号输出发生比较严重的失真;电容式声音传感器中用于电磁屏蔽的铝制外壳受到γ射线的影响会产生电荷累积效应,对信号引入较大的噪声。其研究结果对乏燃料后处理系统进行基于声信号的安全状态实时监测提供了支持,是后续故障分析诊断技术的应用的硬件保证。     

一种用于压电陶瓷水听器极性检测的方法

压电陶瓷水听器在水声信号检测应用中有着广泛的应用,其极性直接关系到水声信号的相位信息,决定了水声采集数据的质量。文章提出了一种用于压电陶瓷水听器极性检测的方法,该方法通过计算机控制激励模块(测试盒)产生主动式测试信号源,并配合极性测试算法分析水听器所采集到的波形信息,判断出水听器的极性。测试结果表明,该方法能够快速有效地对待测水听器极性做出准确判断,且简单可靠,可广泛应用于水声信号检测领域中。     

太阳光入射方向的检测与太阳能电池板方位控制系统

太阳能电池板方位控制系统由光敏检测电路、单片机和步进电机等部件组成,其中光敏检测电路采集入射光方向信息,并将其转化成电信号。当入射光线与检测标杆形成角度差时,标杆阴影遮挡光敏电阻受光面,系统通过检测被遮挡的位置,确定太阳能电池板的偏移方向。检测信号经过调理电路、单片机处理后,输出控制信号控制步进电机在水平、仰角方向转动,使太阳能电池板正对太阳光,以获取最大光能。     

矢量水听器阵列矩阵空域预滤波MUSIC算法

针对矢量水听器阵列多重信号分类(MUSIC)算法分辨率低这一缺点,提出了矢量水听器阵列矩阵空域预滤波MUSIC算法.该算法充分利用矩阵空域滤波器输出数据保留阵元域的特性,通过设计一个空域矩阵滤波器对矢量水听器阵列数据进行预处理,抑制阻带扇面的干扰与噪声,且尽量保证通带扇面的信号无失真通过,然后利用MUSIC方位估计进行处理.仿真结果表明:该算法可以抑制通带扇面外干扰与噪声,通带内目标分辨信噪比门限可提高3dB.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has