川西北天井山构造泥盆系古油藏的发现及意义

在川西北地区进行地表油砂资源调查过程中发现天井山构造下泥盆统平驿铺组石英砂岩中存在古油藏.通过剖面调查,古油藏分布受控于构造,为背斜油藏.样品分析结果,砂岩储层孔隙度为3.68%～14.96%,渗透率高达(0.073～562.08)×10-3 μm2.对比认为古油藏的油源可能来自下寒武统和下志留统黑色页岩二次成油,经印支运动形成的逆断层运移至下泥盆统平驿铺组的古构造圈闭中.该油藏发现表明,天井山古隆起带由于形成早,处于大规模成油期;后期虽有改造,但埋藏相对浅,是形成该古油藏的关键.综合分析认为天井山古隆起带是寻找浅层油藏或地表油砂矿的重要目标区,同时该认识也为四川盆地其他地区进行石油勘探提供了思路.     

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组地层底面古构造定量化演化及其石油地质意义

为定量化明确延长组地层在几个关键沉积期的底面凹凸构造面貌特征,基于鄂尔多斯盆地大量钻井等资料并采用盆地模拟技术,划分4个地层单元,即长10～长8、长7、长6～长4+5和长3～长1,定量化考察延长期湖盆在各层地层单元沉积末期的底面古构造特征。结果表明：长8沉积期末,地层底面构造高程整体表现为“东高西低、南高北低”的特征,主湖盆范围的构造等高线在-600 m以下;长7地层沉积期末,整体表现为“南高北低”的古地貌特征,主湖盆范围主要分布在盆地北部、构造高程达-1 150 m以下;长4+5沉积期末,凹陷区分布在盆地西北区域、分布范围和构造高程差变小、约为200 m;长1沉积末期,地层底面构造面貌格局整体表现为“东高西低”的古地貌特征,地层底面凹凸构造高程差为300～400 m。各沉沉积期底面凹凸构造发育,缓坡构造面貌区域是油藏分布的有利区。     

斗笠山矿区古构造应力场及构造形成机理探讨

在斗笠山矿区近100km2范围内布置节理观测点94个,测节理产状1700余条,通过对大量节理产状进行分期配套与数理统计,恢复了该区四期古构造应力场,结合前人在该区的研究成果与区域地质构造分析,进而对矿区构造形成机理进行了初步探讨.图5,表1,参4.     

中国南方大地构造演化及泥盆纪古构造格局

晋宁旋回的若干古老地体经拼合形成原始华南大陆地壳;澄江旋回破裂解体;加里东旋回经多次拉张、挤压后,扬子陆块与华夏陆块拼合形成统一的华南板块;海西—印支旋回在挤压上升背景上平静拉伸张裂,最后发生大陆碰撞;燕山—喜马拉雅旋回发生拉张断陷。泥盆纪古构造格局表现为华南海西期古大陆板块及其南、西缘的被动大陆边缘。可划分出华南陆块、右江-南岭被动陆缘、南秦岭-龙门山-盐瀑、丽江被动陆缘、钦防残留海槽以及它们的次一级构造环境。     

成岩圈闭油藏中含油饱和度分布的预测方法

本文根据马岭油田南一试验区延10成岩圈闭油藏特点,利用古构造分析法,拟合油藏自由水界面的位置,确定出自由水界面以上储层高程与含油(水)饱和度的关系曲残,预测出饱和度的分布状况,在生产实际中获得较好的效果。     

柴达木盆地构造圈闭特征与含油气性

构造是柴达木盆地油气分布的主要控制因素,构造圈闭的形成、发展与演化对油气聚集有着重要的控制作用.柴达木盆地构造圈闭以背斜、断背斜、断鼻和断块为主,主要分布在七个泉—油砂山—东柴山、红沟子—南翼山—碱石山—落雁山、冷湖零号—冷湖七号—马海以及中内部等4个NW走向的密集分布区带内.构造圈闭的平面展布主要受应力作用状况、构造变形程度和断裂发育状况等因素控制.平衡剖面复原结果表明构造圈闭主要开始形成于古新世和中新世,主要定型于中新世、上新世和第四纪.喜山运动控制了柴达木盆地西部地区构造圈闭的形成与演化过程.圈闭含油气性综合分析表明,生烃凹陷附近的古构造圈闭和同沉积构造圈闭应该是下一步油气勘探的重点领域.     

中国二叠纪的岩相──古地理和古构造特征

以作者提出的新的二叠纪地质年表为基础，概要论述了中国二叠纪各＂期＂岩相－古地理和古构造的基本特征及其演化史，编制了相应的岩相－古地理图．     

车莫古隆起对古油藏及油气调整控制作用

准噶尔盆地腹部中浅层次生油藏受古油藏位置及规模控制,为揭示车莫古隆起形成演化对古油藏、油气调整及次生油藏的控制作用。从井、震、油气水资料入手,利用流体包裹体GOI 值,确定古油藏油水界面,在古构造恢复基础上,按背斜油藏类型确定古油藏范围;根据古构造范围内砂体展布和厚度,参考已探明油藏参数,确定古油藏规模。准噶尔盆地由南向北掀斜后形成单斜背景,古油藏遭受破坏,综合考虑构造、断裂、不整合、砂体等因素,从古油藏出发确定油气运聚方向、路径和次生油藏发育区,提出腹部中浅层岩性地层油藏是主要勘探对象,由以前“沿梁”勘探走向斜坡带,改变了以寻找岩性–构造油藏为主的勘探思路,指导了莫17 等井发现。     

新疆巴里坤矿区聚煤古地理和古构造的关系

笔者近三年在该区进行地质勘查工作，通过二维地震和施工大量钻孔发现盆地内煤层变化较大，富煤带仅分布在盆地南部30平方千米范围内，对巴里坤矿区黑眼泉-段家地井田聚煤坳陷内富煤带与聚煤古地理和古构造的关系进行了分析研究，阐述了井田内煤系主要成煤地带分布于山麓相带和主河流河床之间的河湾处，未被冲刷，为河漫滩成煤带，为今后的地质勘探和煤矿开采提供可以借鉴的经验。     

四川盆地震旦系-下古生界古油藏特征

四川盆地震旦系-下古生界(简称下组合)古油藏发育,储层沥青丰富,在不同层系均可见及.乐山-龙女寺加里东期沉积-剥蚀型古隆起是古油藏石油运移、充注的指向区,总体上控制了下组合储层沥青的分布.盆地及周缘震旦系曾超大规模成藏,普遍有石油聚集过程,但局部富集;下古生界古油藏则由众多分散的、小型的岩性-构造古油藏构成.古油藏原油是优质气源,而且是天然气藏的良好封堵层.油藏裂解时圈闭开放度与现今气藏成藏率成正比,同时,古油藏与现今气藏位置上的继承性更加有利于裂解气藏的保存.     

辽河探区西部凹陷原油溶解气逸出及其成藏意义

通过辽河探区西部凹陷原油溶解气油比变化特征及其与原油密度关系,分析了原油溶解气逸出量分布与油气成藏的关系.原油溶解气油比一般随深度增加而增大,随深度变浅而降低,与原油密度有较好的相关性.依据原油密度与原油溶解气油比相关的数学模型确定了单位质量原油溶解气逸出量及其分布特征.凹陷内部的单位质量原油溶解气逸出量相对较小,但保存条件好,有利于气藏的形成;而凹陷边缘单位质量原油溶解气逸出量一般较高,但保存条件差,对天然气成藏不利.     

Characteristics of carbonate gas pool and multistage gas pool formation history of Hetianhe gas field, Tarim Basin, Northwest China

<正> Hetianhe is a big carbonate gas field which isfound and demonstrated in the period of "Chinese NationalNinth 5-Year Plan". The proved reserve of Hetianhe gas fieldis over 600 ×10⁸ m³. Its main producing layers are Carbon-iferous bioclastic limestone and Ordovician carbonate com-posed of buried hill. The former is stratified gas pool withwater around its side, and the latter is massive gas pool withwater in its bottom. The gases in the gas pools belong to drygases with normal temperature and pressure systems. Basedon the correlation of gas and source rock, the gases aremainly generated from Cambrian source rocks. According tothe researches on source rock and structure evolution, andthe observations on the thin section to reservoir bitumen andthe studies on homogenization temperature of fluid inclu-sions, the gas pool has been identified and divided into threeformation periods. The first is Late Caledonian when the oilgenerated from the Cambrian source rocks and migratedalong faults, as a form of liquid facies into Ordovician carbonate res-ervoir and accumulated there. After that, the crustuplifted, the oil reservoir had been destroyed. The second isLate Hercynian when condensate gases generated from theCambrian source rocks and migrated into Ordovician res-ervoir, as a form of liquid facies. Since the fractures hadreached P strata, so the trap might have a real poor preser-vation condition, and the large-scale gas pool formation hadnot happened. The third gas reservoir formation period oc-curred in Himalaya. The fractures on both sides of Hetianhegas field developed violently under the forces of compression,and thus the present fault horst formed. The dry gases gen-erated from Cambrian source rocks and migrated upwardsas the form of gas facies into Ordovician and Carboniferousreservoirs, and the large gas pool as discovered at presentwas formed finally.     

鄂尔多斯塔巴庙地区上古气藏特征及成藏机理

根据塔巴庙地区上古生界砂体分布特征,区域性裂缝的纵向分布特征,烃源岩、储层、盖层组合特征,纵向上各层的地层压力分布、天然气成分特征等,对盒2～3段、山1～2段、太2段气藏特征及成藏机理进行了分析.认为在油气成藏中区域性裂缝起了关键的通道作用.下伏太原组、山西组烃源岩生成的天然气向上运移,造成了盒2～3段气藏的压力系数高和天然气轻烃(CH4)含量高的特征.在此基础上提出了天然气成藏概念模式.指出山1～2段、太2段气藏属于经过再次运移"破坏"后的"残余气藏",盒2～3段气藏属于裂缝形成后下伏天然气再次运移聚集形成的"次生气藏".     

鄂西—渝东区石炭系油气成藏模式及富集规律

从圈闭形成与演化的角度探讨油气运移和圈闭形成的配置关系,从而进一步研究油气的成藏模式与富集规律。认为：鄂西－渝东区石炭系由于基底结构的差异性和构造运动的多期性,形成了4种基本的圈闭类型;后期构造的改造和油气的多期运聚,形成了3种不同类型的成藏模式,提出了有利的储层发育区和继承性的大型古隆地区,是建筑大型气田的重要领域。     

青藏高原盆地系统演化与高原形成时间

青藏高原在以时间为坐标的隆升过程中,高原的范围、高度都是呈阶段性递增的.随着青藏高原的构造隆升,在高原的内部和外围发育了众多的沉积盆地,在这些沉积盆地中详细地记录了青藏高原的隆升过程.高原北部盆地的演化显示出向北递进增长的特征,以南北挤压为动力背景的北部前陆盆地演化代表了盆地对高原周缘造山带的响应关系:金沙江缝合带、昆仑山、祁连山的新生代逆冲抬升的时间分别为53 Ma、46 Ma和29.5 Ma.对高原南北盆地-造山带的构造演化对比发现:祁连山和高喜马拉雅的逆冲时间相同,说明青藏高原在渐新世基本定型.     

The generation and accumulation of natural gas from Yinan 2 gas pool in Kuqa Depression

By using the methods of hydrocarbon generation kinetics and carbon isotope kinetics, combined with geological background of natural gas pool formation, the generation and accumulation of natural gas from Yinan 2 gas pool was studied in Kuqa Depression of the Tarim Basin. Natural gas of Yinan 2 gas pool is mainly derived from Middle and Lower Jurassic coal-bearing source rocks, and generally belongs to long time-accumulated gas. It is suggested that Yinan 2 gas is chiefly accumulated in the last 5 Ma, its Ro ranges from 1.25% to 1.95%, and the loss rate of natural gas is about 25%-30%. This work not only complements and reduces the deficiency of formation model of natural gas pools which traditionally depends on the matching relationships between source rock, reservoir, cap rock, and trap, but also is a useful reference in the study of other gas pools.     

江南-雪峰山推覆体前缘沥青古油藏及油源对比

在江南-雪峰山推覆体前缘,下古生界中分布着一系列沥青古油藏.经野外实地观察调查,发现其主要赋存特征有:裂隙型炭沥青、溶洞-孔隙型沥青、裂隙-背斜型沥青、背斜-岩性复合型炭沥青.经过对所采集样品进行地球化学特征综合分析,认为本地区的有机质成熟度较高,并经受多期改造演化.油源对比结果显示,其主要来源于下寒武统的烃源,其次为下志留统的烃源.这一地区的沥青古油藏是一种多源多期成因,并经历了后期强烈改造.     

西北地区煤层气藏形成条件剖析

从煤层发育程度、煤相、煤显微组成、煤级、煤变质作用、构造作用、围岩圈闭、地层压力以及水地质条件等方面对西北地区侏罗系及石炭-二叠系煤层气藏形成条件进行了详细剖析。研究结果表明，西北侏罗系及石炭-二叠系在上述条件具备时能够形成煤层气藏。     

Dynamics for multistage pool formation of Lunnan low uplift in Tarim Basin

Lunnan area in the Tarim Basin has become animportant onshore oil production base in China. Formationof the oil and gas pools in the low uplift of Lunnan has ex-perienced a comparatively complex process of dynamics.Based on the hydrocarbon generation period of source rocks,the formation period of cap rocks and traps, the analysis oforganic inclusion and the analysis of bitumen in the reservoir,this paper draws the conclusion that the low uplift area ofLunnan has experienced three pool formation periods: thePermian period, the Cretaceous-Early Tertiary period andthe Late Tertiary-Quaternary period and two oil and gasreservoir adjustment periods: the Late Permian period andthe Late Tertiary-Quaternary period. The comprehensivestudy indicates that the large-scale Ordovician buried hill,formed in Early Hercynian, became the reservoir during thePermian period, because the Cambrian-Lower Ordovicianoil was discharged laterally into the reservoir along the topof the Ordovician weathering crust from south to north. Thereservoir experienced a complicated process—reconstruc-tion in the end of Permian, adjustment in Cretaceous-EarlyTertiary and re-discharging process in Late Tertiary-Qua-ternary, leading to the early original heavy oil reservoir ofmarine facies and the late original light oil reservoir and gaspool. Carboniferous, Triassic and Jurassic oil and gas reser-voirs result from upward adjustment and re-distribution ofOrdovician oil and gas reservoirs. Of those results, the for-mation of Triassic-Jurassic oil and gas pools came under theinfluence of the northward-tilting structure. The oil and gassourcing from the different hydrocarbon source rock inter-vals vertically migrated into the base unconformity of Trias-sic system. Then the oil and gas migrated laterally fromnorth to south and accumulated into the reservoir.     

可变的广义Chaplygin气体的演化及其结构形成

在Friedmann理论框架下,将可变的广义Chaplygin气体（VGCG）作为一种暗能量模型,研究了与其相关的宇宙学量的演化规律.在此基础上,通过导出相关的物理量（诸如：物质的密度反差,增长变量和增长因子）所满足的运动方程,并对其求数值解,我们不仅给出了它们的演化图,深入探讨了相应的演化规律,而且还与ΛCDM模型做比较,讨论了此暗能量模型对宇宙结构形成的影响.研究结果表明,当今宇宙是从过去的减速膨胀演化为现在乃至将来的加速膨胀,并且在近阶段可以模拟ΛCDM模型的演化,它与目前的天文观测符合得较好.