超声旋转行波马达研究

采用解析法求解了环形行波超声马达定子振动的幅频特性，并在此基础上，依据马达转子的动力学方程，建立了定子与转子间的接触数学模型，从理论和实验两个方面分析了输入激励电源频率及电压大小变化对马达输出机械特性的影响，结果表明，超声马达的输出特性与激励电源的参数密切相关，在谐振频率附近，马达的阻转力矩和输出转速都有较大增加，增加驱动电压，阻转力矩和输出转速将单调增大。     

1mm压电陶瓷管式微型超声马达研究

利用微型PZT压电陶瓷管研制微型超声马达．微型压电陶瓷管外径1mm，内径0.6mm，管长5mm．微型马达工作在压电陶瓷管的第一阶弯曲振动模式下，其谐振频率约为58.5kHz．在一定的驱动电压范围内，马达的转速与电压成线性关系，当驱动电压峰峰值为90V时，转速达3500r/min． 启动力矩为7.8μNm.利用压电陶瓷管研制的微型马达与相似尺寸的其他类型的微型超声马达相比，具有更大的力矩和更高的转速．     

纵扭复合马达驱动特性研究

以复合超声马达定子与转子间的耦合传动为研究对象，提出了定子与转子间的粘着摩擦模型．依据马达转子的动力学特性，建立了定子与转子间的耦合力矩方程．对马达特性的仿真分析表明，耦合接触角是决定马达特性的决定因素，这为马达的有效控制提供了理论依据，     

新型夹心式压电陶瓷复合变压器的特性

提出一种新型多层复合夹心式纵向极化压电陶瓷变压器,并应用等效电路方法对压电振子的机电特性进行分析,推导出输入电阻、共振频率、反共振频率和电压增益的解析解,得出并分析了变压器第一、第二共振与反共振频率、机电耦合系数及电压增益与变压器的长度、负载电阻的关系。研究表明,一阶机电耦合系数在特定尺寸上和特定负载上均有最大值;一阶电压增益只在特定尺寸上存在最大值。将计算所得的共振频率、反共振频率与ANSYS模拟结果及实验测量结果进行比较验证,模拟结果及实验测量结果和理论计算值吻合。     

薄壁预应力管复合压电换能器径向振动分析

对带有薄壁预应力管外壳的径向复合压电换能器径向振动进行了研究.基于弹性力学理论和机电类比原理,建立了复合管压电超声换能器的径向振动机电类比等效电路,并得出其共振频率方程、反共振频率方程及有效机电耦合系数的解析式.探讨了换能器共振频率与其外部预应力管内外半径比之间的关系.实验结果表明:利用本文理论算得的复合换能器径向共振频率与实验测量结果相吻合,误差在5%以内.     

基于板簧支撑结构的3自由度超声波电机静力学分析

提出一种采用板簧支撑结构的3自由度球形行波型超声波电机.概述该电机基本结构和驱动原理,使用板簧结构较好地解决了球转子与行波定子之间的对心问题,定转子之间的预紧力更加均匀一致.通过坐标变换关系和定转子的位置关系,分析球转子的受力情况,给出定转子接触圆周的接触力关系式;根据球转子和各个行波定子的力平衡方程,得到球转子球心的微位移和定子的轴向压紧量与定子预紧力的关系并做了仿真,进而分析受力情况与电机结构参数对电机定转子接触的影响,形成了板簧结构的3自由度超声波电机的理论基础.研制样机的球转子直径40 mm,定子直径30 mm,实现的保持力矩0.09 N·m,空转转速90 r·min-1.     

一种新型圆柱定子3自由度球形压电超声电机

3自由度超声电机利用圆柱定子的 3种同频共振模态 ( 2个正交的弯曲摇摆振动和 1个纵向振动 ) ,两两分别叠加、合成 ,通过摩擦驱动球转子分别绕 3个轴旋转 .根据这一原理可将该电机改装成多自由度直线电机 .通过有限元方法设计定子的结构和模态 ,利用阻抗测试方法测得的定子共振频率、模态与设计相符 ,同时测量了球转子绕 3个轴的转速特性 .为了提高 3自由度圆柱超声电机的定转子传动效率 ,对圆柱型定子锥形端面作了进一步优化设计     

圆盘形压电陶瓷复合变压器的等效电路和特性

研究了由压电陶瓷圆盘,金属环,压电陶瓷环组成的圆盘形压电陶瓷复合变压器。推导了这种压电变压器的等效电路,输入阻抗,共振、反共振频率方程和电压增益方程。分析计算了压电变压器尺寸变化对频率、有效机电耦合系数的影响。研究了负载变化对压电变压器频率、有效机电耦合系数的影响,探讨了电压增益与负载的关系。研究表明,变压器随壁厚比的升高共振和反共振频率皆升高,有效机电耦合系数降低;随负载的升高,共振、反共振频率及电压增益升高,有效机电耦合系数降低。     

一种新型级联式高强度功率超声压电陶瓷换能器

基于传统夹心式压电陶瓷换能器,提出了一种新型级联式高强度功率超声换能器。该换能器由多个半波长夹心式压电陶瓷换能器通过电端并联及机械端串联而成。基于一维理论,得出了换能器的六端机电等效电路,分析了换能器的电阻抗频率特性,并给出换能器的共振频率方程。研究了不同振动模态下,换能器的共振频率、反共振频率以及有效机电耦合系数与压电陶瓷晶堆间距的依赖关系。实验制造2个级联式功率超声换能器,并对其共振频率和有效机电耦合系数进行了测试,实验结果与理论分析相吻合。此类级联式高强度功率超声换能器可望在超声波液体处理、超声波加工等大功率超声技术中获得应用。     

一种新型径向复合压电陶瓷超声换能器径向振动特性研究

研制了一种新型径向复合压电陶瓷超声换能器,并对其径向振动特性进行了理论及实验研究.该换能器由一个厚度方向极化的压电陶瓷薄圆环及一个金属圆环组成.对压电陶瓷圆环和金属圆环的径向振动分别进行了分析,得到了各自机电等效电路.在此基础上,利用换能器径向力及径向振动速度的连续条件,得出了压电陶瓷径向复合超声换能器机电等效电路及其共振频率方程.分析了换能器的共振及反共振频率、有效机电耦合系数与其几何尺寸之间的关系.结果表明,在换能器压电陶瓷圆环内外半径保持一定情况下,换能器半径比增大时,共振及反共振频率随之增大.对于换能器第一阶径向振动,其有效机电耦合系数随半径比增大单调增大,而第二阶径向振动有效机电耦合系数随半径比增大单调减小.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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