基于经验模态分解的子带自适应声学回声消除算法

在语音通信中,声学回声消除技术用于消除扬声器与麦克风之间耦合产生的回声干扰.在声学回声抵消系统的实现过程中,可以通过子带技术来提高系统的性能,并减小算法本身的运算量.常见的子带算法多是基于组合滤波器、小波变换实现的.本文基于经验模态分解提出一种新的自适应回声消除算法EMD-APNLMS,它克服了基于组合滤波器算法收敛慢的缺点以及基于小波变换算法需要选择小波基的问题.计算机仿真结果表明,该算法实现了回声的消除,收敛速率较快,非常适用回声这种非平稳信号的处理.     

基于矩阵重构和酉变换的DOA估计

为了提高重构相干信号测向算法的估计性能,降低算法运算量,提出了一种基于矩阵重构和酉变换方法的酉矩阵重构算法。该算法首先通过酉变换将阵列接收数据从复值计算转换为实值计算,使计算量大大降低;然后计算阵列协方差矩阵并进行特征值分解得到信号子空间,再将信号子空间重构为Toeplitz矩阵实现解相干并再次进行酉变换;最后通过特征值分解得到信号子空间并使用最小二乘法实现波达方向(direction of arrival, DOA)估计。相比于改进的旋转不变性的信号参数(estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques-like, ESPRIT-Like)算法和空间平滑处理算法,由于消除了噪声影响、构造了Toeplitz矩阵以及充分利用了数据的共轭信息,该算法的估计精度更高、具有更高的运算效率且在ESPRIT-Like算法失效的条件下新算法仍能有效估计DOA。本文算法的运行时间是ESPRIT-Like算法的71.2%,实验结果证明了该方法的有效性和真实性。     

基于负曲率方向的复数域共轭梯度法

共轭梯度法是优化大规模目标函数的一种经典方法.根据复梯度、复Hessian阵与实梯度、实Hessian阵之间的关系,将共轭梯度法推广到复数域,用于解决复数域的优化问题.针对共轭法的一些缺点,如每步迭代利用线性搜索来确定优化的步长及可能寻找到的极值点不一定为极小值等缺点,提出在Hessian阵不正定时利用负曲率方向作为搜索方向,利用实数域二阶导数简化思想,使寻找下降负曲率方向简单化,同时根据目标函数信息调节搜索步长,保持函数值单调下降.对该算法进行复数域优化数值仿真,结果表明:该算法与复数域的SCG算法及Quasi-Newton算法相比,计算较为简单且优化效果更优.     

空时编码的OFDM盲信道估计

提出一种新的恒模复调制、单天线接收实现空时编码的OFDM(ST-OFDM)盲信道估计的算法.建立了2发1收的ST-OFDM系统模型;利用空时编码的特点,对发射信号采用恒模复调制,引入周期相关特性,将各子信道分开进行估计;利用循环前缀引入的信息冗余给出子空间算法,实现盲信道估计.恒模复调制可避免非常数调制导致的峰值功率问题.该算法不需要对OFDM信号进行冗余预编码,不会降低系统码率;由于采用单天线接收就可实现盲信道估计,不需要改变接收机的结构;不受信道阶数过估计的影响.但如有信道零点在OFDM子载波上,算法不能成立,因此受信道零点位置的限制.     

空时编码的OFDM盲信道估计

提出一种新的恒模复调制、单天线接收实现空时编码的OFDM（ST—OFDM）盲信道估计的算法．建立了2发1收的ST—OFDM系统模型；利用空时编码的特点，对发射信号采用恒模复调制，引入周期相关特性，将各子信道分开进行估计；利用循环前缀引入的信息冗余给出子空间算法，实现盲信道估计．恒模复调制可避免非常数调制导致的峰值功率问题．该算法不需要对OFDM信号进行冗余预编码，不会降低系统码率；     

军用软件无线电中基于复数滤波的单边带调制

单边带调制是用软件无线电中的主要调制方式之一,由于数字信号处理芯片与专用数字芯片的发展,需要对各种信号的调制的数字化实现进行研究,从单边带的数学表达式出发,推出了复数域的单边带数学表达式,从而提出基于复数滤波的单边带调制方法,计算机模拟与实际测试显示,该法性能良好,运算量小,具有很高的实用价值。     

自适应声回声抵消器

介绍了自适应NLMS声回声抵消算法,并运用DSP对声回声抵消器进行软硬件实现。在基于ITU-T的G.167标准的相关要求下,采用粉红噪声模拟人声的方法对声回声抵消器进行实验,并给出各指标的定义及相关实验过程。     

基于共轭数据重排的信道预测算法

为提高预测的精确度,在分析基本ESPRIT(Estimation Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques)缺点的基础上,提出了一种共轭数据重排的ESPRIT信道预测算法.针对实际中平坦快速衰落信道系数为复数的特点,通过对采样数据的共轭重排,使被利用的数据长度等效于增加了1倍.仿真实验表明,该算法在运算量基本保持不变的情况下与基本ESPRIT相比,提高了信道预测的精确度.     

频率细化分析方法及其在虚拟仪器中的应用

频率细化分析是一种重要的频谱分析工具,是信号处理和虚拟仪器的主要功能之一.介绍了几种典型的频率细化分析方法,包括连续DFT和复调制方法等,并研究了它们的优缺点,提出了一种结合子带分解DFT和复调制方法的新频率细化方法,它继承了复调制细化的优点,且无需设计特定的滤波器,减少了运算量,适用于实时细化分析,最后以虚拟仪器中的应用实例展示了几种频率细化的算法和效果.     

嵌套复合阵恒定束宽波束形成的多率实现方法

提出一种嵌套复合阵恒定束宽自适应波束形成的多率子带实现方法.复合阵以处理一倍频程的多个均匀间距的线性子阵嵌套组成,多率子带的实现以通用参数滤波器组为基础.每个子阵根据所处理的子带信号带宽不同而选择不同的加权数目.这种结构的阵列处理器不仅实现了将宽带信号分解成多个较窄的子带信号来并行处理,还使每个子阵工作在较低的采样速率下,降低了处理器算法的运算量,提高了波束形成器的权值更新速度.仿真结果表明,此结构的处理器能实现恒定束宽波束形成.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~