马铃薯StHb1蛋白的亚细胞定位

为了研究马铃薯StHb1蛋白的亚细胞定位情况,采用RT-PCR技术克隆到马铃薯StHb1基因cDNA序列,并成功构建了StHb1基因与绿色荧光蛋白基因的融合表达载体pBI121-StHb1-GFP.利用农杆菌介导法将重组载体转化洋葱内表皮细胞,通过荧光显微镜观察融合蛋白的瞬时表达以确定StHb1蛋白在细胞内的分布.结果表明StHb1蛋白主要分布于细胞核中.     

果蝇锌离子转运蛋白Catsup亚细胞定位分析

Catsup是果蝇体内一个功能重要的基因,其突变会导致体内多巴胺含量过高,引起果蝇致死及生殖障碍.绿色荧光蛋白(green fluorescent protein,GFP)在确定蛋白的亚细胞定位进而在研究蛋白功能方面起着重要的作用.为了探索Catsup的亚细胞定位进而能够更好地研究Catsup的功能,文章利用基因工程技术和生物学方法,聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)扩增Catsup基因全长,与GFP一起连接至pUAST质粒,构建载体pUAST-Catsup-GFP,通过显微注射技术导入果蝇,获得UAS-Catsup-GFP转基因果蝇.通过克隆验证了转基因果蝇构建成功.利用该果蝇进行Catsup的亚细胞定位,确定其定位在高尔基体上,为进一步研究该基因的功能奠定基础.     

水稻中两个同源异型结构域转录因子的亚细胞定位

为了对水稻同源异型结构域转录因子HD-ZipⅢ家族中的HDZ1和HDZ2进行亚细胞定位,利用RT-PCR技术从水稻cDNA中扩增HDZ1和HDZ2的编码区(去除终止密码子序列),与绿色荧光蛋白GFP编码框融合,构建2个转录因子的瞬时表达载体,采用农杆菌介导的转化方法转化至烟草中进行瞬时表达分析.结果表明:PCR扩增所得为目的基因片段HDZ1和HDZ2;二者与载体质粒pCAMBIA35S-GFP连接获得的融合表达载体成功移至烟草中并表达;确定HDZ1主要定位于烟草叶片的气孔中,而HDZ2定位于烟草表皮细胞的细胞膜上.二者在亚细胞中的定位不同,可能在水稻生长发育中所起的作用也不相同.     

七鳃鳗PHB2的真核表达与亚细胞定位

以东北七鳃鳗心肌总RNA 反转录得到的cDNA为模板,PCR扩增 PHB2基因全长CDS区,并将其定向克隆至真核表达载体 pEGFP‐N1上,构建真核重组载体pEGFP‐N1‐Lm‐PHB2．提取重组质粒,去除内毒素,利用脂质体介导的方法转染CHL、HeLa和MCF‐7细胞,通过Western Blot检测转染后 Lm‐PHB2是否表达,Confocal观察EGFP融合蛋白在细胞中的表达及亚细胞定位．结果表明：PCR扩增片段与预期结果相符,双酶切和测序证明真核表达载体构建成功;Western Blot检测到Lm‐PHB2蛋白条带,Confocal观察到绿色荧光蛋白GFP ,证明真核重组载体成功表达;Lm‐PHB2蛋白主要定位在CHL细胞的细胞核,少量存在于基质和线粒体中,而在 HeLa和MCF‐7细胞中,Lm‐PHB2蛋白集中定位在细胞核中．本研究为七鳃鳗Lm‐PHB2的功能研究奠定了重要基础．     

根癌农杆菌介导的GFP在洋葱表皮细胞定位研究

采用根癌农杆菌介导的方法,以受控于CaMV35S启动子的携带有GFP报告基因的双元植物表达载体pCAMBIA1300-35S-GFP转化洋葱表皮细胞.荧光显微镜下观察结果显示,GFP基因在经浸染和共培养后的洋葱表皮细胞中得到了表达,绿色荧光分布在细胞核和细胞质中,为进一步研究新基因的亚细胞定位和瞬时表达奠定了基础.     

拟南芥AtJ70的组织特异性表达及亚细胞定位

以野生型和PAtJ70∶GUS转基因拟南芥为材料,以定量PCR和GUS染色方法研究了拟南芥J-蛋白AtJ70的组织特异性表达.结果显示AtJ70基因在根、茎、叶、花和果实中都有表达,花和叶中表达最高,长角果和根中次之,茎中最低.此外,以AtJ70-mGFP4转基因拟南芥为材料,使用激光共聚焦显微镜研究了AtJ70的亚细胞定位.结果显示,AtJ70主要定位于细胞核中.     

蛋白质亚细胞定位预测研究进展

蛋白质的功能与其在细胞中的定位有着密切的联系,新合成的蛋白质必须处于适当的亚细胞位置才能正确的行使其功能．预测蛋白质的亚细胞定位,在确定一个未知蛋白质的功能,了解蛋白质相互作用等方面有着重要的意义．机器学习方法在蛋白质亚细胞定位研究中扮演着一个重要的角色．笔者从数据集的构建、蛋白质序列特征提取方法、蛋白质亚细胞定位预测算法以及预测算法的性能评估等四方面总结了过去十几年间机器学习方法在蛋白质亚细胞定位研究中的应用情况,系统阐述了蛋白质亚细胞定位预测研究的进展．     

用于蛋白亚细胞定位研究的烟草愈伤组织培养条件优化

使用绿色荧光蛋白作为报告基因来研究目的蛋白的亚细胞定位得到广泛应用.使用稳定表达系统研究蛋白的亚细胞定位比较耗时,但可以先选择愈伤组织进行观察以确保构建的载体能够表达.优化了愈伤组织的培养条件,得到了质地疏松柔软的白色愈伤,不受叶绿体的荧光干扰,便于进行荧光观察.     

基于概率神经网络的蛋白质亚细胞定位

文章通过对氨基酸词频的分析，应用概率神经网络来自动地进行蛋白质亚细胞定位．对于真核生物蛋白质的预测精度达到了82％。对于原核生物的预测精度则达到了92%．而且对于蛋白质序列N端缺失的情况有很好的鲁棒性．     

用离散量方法预测蛋白质亚细胞定位

根据蛋白质的亚细胞定位，将蛋白质分为四类，用离散量的数学理论，提出了预测蛋白质的亚细胞定位理论方法，利用蛋白质中氨基酸组分，通过计算离散增量和离散有限系数预测蛋白质的亚细胞定位，用self—consistency和Jackknife两种方法测试均获得较高的预测成功率。结果表明：蛋白质类中包含的蛋白质数越多，预测成功率越高。     

Subcellular localization and functional analyses of structural domains of COP1 in transgenic tobacco

Plants have evolved an extremely exquisite light signal regulatory network to adapt to the changing ambient light conditions, in which COP1 plays a critical role of the light signal transduction. Based on the cloned pea COP1 cDNA sequence and its protein structure, four individual gene fragments encoding different structural domains of the COP1 were designed to fuse to the GFP gene. The plant expression vectors containing these fusion genes as well as the COP1GFP fusion gene were constructed and used to transform tobacco by Agribacterium as confirmed by Southern analyses. Antibodies were raised against the recombinant GFP-COP1 overproduced in Escherichia coli. Immunoblotting results demonstrated that all of the fusion genes were constitutively expressed in transgenic tobacco plants. We systematically investigated the different subcellular localization of these fusion proteins and the resulting phenotypic characteristics of these transgenic plants under light and dark conditions. Our data show that (1) the molecular mass of the tobacco endogenous COP1 protein is 76 kD. It is constitutively expressed in all of the tested tissues and the total cellular content of COP1 protein is not noticeably affected by light conditions. (2) The nuclear localization signal of COP1 plays a critical role in regulation of its nuclear-cytoplasmic partitioning. The subcellular localization of the COP1 protein containing nuclear localization signal is regulated by light in the epidermal cells of leaves, but, it is located in nucleus constitutively in root cells. (3) The coiled-coil domain is very critical to the function of COP1 protein, while the zinc binding RING finger domain only plays a supportive role. (4) The WD-40 repeats domain is essential to the COP1 function, but this domain alone does not affect photomorphogenesis. (5) Overexpression of COP1 protein not only inhibits the photomorphogenesis of the stems and leaves of the transgenic tobacco, but also results in the generation of short and clustered roots. In contrast, overexpression of COP1 protein without WD-40 repeats domain promotes the photomorphogenesis process in the stems and leaves and lead to root elongation and lack of lateral roots. The COP1-COP1 interaction happens not only in the nucleus, but also in cytoplasm.     

根癌农杆菌介导苜蓿体胚转化及转基因植株再生

用含质粒载体pCAMBIA2301(带有受CaMV35S启动子调控的GUS基因和nptⅡ基因)的根癌农杆菌Agrobacterium tumefaciens转化晋南苜蓿Medicago sativa L.cv.Jinnan的体胚组织,发现负压处理有利于提高转化频率(可达35%),3批共158个体胚切块的转化实验共获得具有卡那霉素抗性的再生植株15株,经组织化学染色和分子检测,证实GUS基因已整合到转化植株基因组中,在芽、叶片、叶柄和根等组织中均有表达,并在土壤栽培过程中保持稳定的表达.     

薄壳山核桃CiAGL6基因的克隆、亚细胞定位及表达

研究薄壳山核桃MADS-box转录因子CiAGL6基因的特性、亚细胞定位及在雌花不同发育时期的表达水平,为揭示薄壳山核桃成花分子机理提供理论依据。     

拟南芥中一个镍离子转运蛋白的亚细胞定位

离子的跨膜转运是细胞获取养分的重要环节,亦是植物在组织和器官水平上进行养分吸收运移的基础．在植物中镍（Ni）元素主要以Ni^2＋的形式存在,并通过Ni^2＋转运蛋白将其跨膜转运至相应的组织器官,参与氢酶和脲酶的合成．生物信息学分析表明,拟南芥中一个Ni^2＋转运蛋白AT2G16800含有叶绿体定位信息．克隆该基因5’端编码转运肽的272bp片段,与绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）基因融合后,在拟南芥中高效表达,对其进行了亚细胞定位的研究．转基因植株通过共聚焦扫描显微镜的观察,发现GFP荧光信号只存在于叶绿体中,该结果表明A他G16800为叶绿体蛋白．     

水稻精细胞基因RSSG58启动子的克隆分析及表达载体构建

根据分布的水稻基因组测序的比较和水稻精细胞优势表达的RSSG58基因cDNA序列，以水稻品种“桂朝2号”黄化苗组DNA为模板，用PCR方法克隆出RSSG58在起始密码子以前的上游调控序列Pr58，经过Pr58启动子进行的鉴定和分析表明，具备大多数高等植物启动子的保守元件，预计它的RSSG58基因在特异表达方面具有一定的作用。为了鉴定RSSG58基因的基本启动子元件，将RSSG58基因5′侧翼序列做缺失片段分析，由PCR从Pr58中得以3个不同大小两端带有HindⅢ，BamHⅠ酶切位点的片段Pr58Ⅰ，Pr58Ⅱ和Pr58Ⅲ，定向插入载体pMGFP4(pBI221改建，报告基因为GFP）中，取代原有的CaMV35S启动子，构建了由驱动报造基因GFP的植物表达载体pRGFPⅠ，pRGFPⅡ和pRGFPⅢ，用于农杆菌介导法水稻遗传转化。其目的是为进一步在模式植物中研究其表达功能奠定基础。     

Chromosomal localization of a quail homeobox gene: Quox-1

Quox-1 is an Antp-like homeobox gene of quail embryo whose expression occurs throughout the developing central nervous system. Using a Dig-labeled probe, we localized quox-1 gene on the terminal region of the long arm of quail's chromosome 1 by ISH. Suppored by Developmental fund of Wuhan University Liu Ting: born in 1970. Lecturer     

A novel human gene spindlin1, encoding a protein localized in the cell nucleus and inducing NIH3T3 cell''s transformation

A novel human gene, spindlin1, recently cloned in our laboratory, is highly expressed in the tissue of ovary cancer. To study its biological function, a vector expressing green fluorescent-spindlin1 fusion protein was constructed and transfected into COS-7 and NIH3T3 cells by lipofectamine methods. The results showed that the fusion protein pEGFP-N1-spindlin1 was localized in the nucleus of COS-7 and NIH3T3 cells. NIH3T3 cells which could stably express spindlin1 as a result of RT-PCR analysis compared with the parental NIH3T3 cells displayed a complete morphological change, improved the cell growth and increased the percentage of cells in G2/M phase (12.6% vs control cells at 3.4%). Furthermore, overexpressed spindlin1 cells formed colonies in soft agar, more motile in migration assay in vitro and formed tumors in nude mice. Our findings provide direct evidence that spindlin1 gene may be a prooncogene which is associated with tumorigenesis.     

Biochemical characterization of the protein encoded by rice osRACD gene

A recombinant plasmid pET-racd was first constructed by cloning osRACD,the development-regulating gene that controls photoperiod fertility transformation in the photoperiod sensitive genic male sterile rice Nongken 58S,into a prokaryote expression vector pET28a(+).It was then transformed into E.Coli BL-21.Cutting with thrombin of the fusion protein extracted from transformants and PAGE separation yielded pure osRACD protein,which was further concentrated using ultrafiltration and renatured using glutathione oxidation/reduction refolding system for later functional study.As demonstrated by in vitro functional assay,the osRACD protein expressed in E.Coli B-21 shows remarkable activity in binding GTP specifically and hydrolyzing it.