PVC膜铜（Ⅱ）离子选择性电极的研制及应用

用Ａｇ＿２Ｓ和ＣｕＳ以８∶１（或１４∶３）的比混合物做为活性物质，用邻苯二甲酸二辛酯（ＤＯＰ）为增塑剂。首次研制了非均相ＰＶＣ膜铜离子选择性电极，电极的能斯特响应范围为５．０×１０￣（－６）～１．０×１０￣（－２）ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１），平均斜率为３０ｍＶ／ＰＣＵ（２５℃），电极的重现性和稳定性都比较好，电极的寿命可达三个月。用试制的ＰＶＣ膜铜离子选择性电极测定了铜合金中铜的含量与经典法碘量法所得结果相吻合，还用试制的电极测定了标准精镁试样中微量铜的含量与标准值一致。     

铁氰酸钴膜修饰微电极的研究及其应用

用电化学法在玻碳基体上制备出性能稳定的铁氰酸钴膜修饰微电极（ＣＨＣＦ／ＧＣ），该电极可在－１．０Ｖ－１．０Ｖ（ｖｓＳＣＥ）之间进行连续多次的电位扫描。表征了该电极的电化学多种行为，研究了影响ＣＨＣＦ膜电极性能的多种因素和该电极对抗坏血酸（ＡＡ）测定的催化作用。     

提高聚氯乙烯与丁苯橡胶共混相容性的研究

通过加入各种增容剂（Ｃｏｍｐａｔｉｂｉｌｉｚｅｒ）和采用粉末丁苯橡胶（ＰＳＢＲ）及经接枝、交联改性的粉末丁苯橡胶（ＰＭＳＢＲ），研究了提高聚氯乙烯／丁苯橡胶（ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ）共混相容性的途径。物理机械性能测试结果表明：五种增容剂对软质ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ共混物的改性效果以粉末丁腈Ｐ８３和丁腈－２６（ＮＢＲ－２６）最佳；粉末橡胶对ＰＶＣ的改性效果优于块状橡胶，ＰＭＳＢＲ对软质ＰＶＣ的改性效果优于以ＮＢＲ－２６作增容剂的块状ＳＢＲ和ＰＳＢＲ；用不同改性方法制得的四种ＰＭＳＢＲ中，以多层乳液接枝改性的ＰＭＳＢＲ－４对ＰＶＣ的改性效果最佳，用它改性硬质ＰＶＣ的缺口抗冲击强度和软质ＰＶＣ的耐寒性，效果皆超过粉末丁腈Ｐ８３。扫描电镜、透射电镜和动态力学谱分析表明：ＰＶＣ／ＰＭＳＢＲ－４共混材料呈良好的韧性断裂，橡胶粒子分散较均匀，相界面模糊，低温Ｔｇ升高，说明ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ的相容性获得显著提高     

一种建立生物指数的新方法

依据水质化学参数和原生动物群落参数建立了一种新的生物指数：种类污染值（ＳＰＶ）和群落污染值（ＣＰＶ）。文中列出了４３８种原生动物的ＳＰＶ,并提出了以ＣＰＶ划分水质的范畴。经过证明,ＣＰＶ可作为一种淡水水质评价的新方法。     

流变法与DSC法测定PVC凝胶度的原理及应用

阐明了用零长毛细管流变仪和差示扫描量热计（ＤＳＣ）测定ＰＶＣ熔体凝胶度的原理。并采用这两种方法具体测定了ＰＶＣ／ＣＰＥ／ＰＳ体系的凝胶度。讨论了凝胶度与加工温度及力学性能的关系，对此两种方法的测试结果进行了比较。     

PVC／PBA和PS／PBA两种LIPN的性能与相容性

通过对ＰＶＣ／ＰＢＡ（聚氯乙烯／聚丙烯酸丁酯）和ＰＳ／ＰＢＡ（聚苯乙烯／聚丙烯酸丁酯）两种ＬＩＰＮ的玻璃化转变温度Ｔｇ和动态力学等性能的测定，比较了它们的相容性和阻尼性能。实验结果表明ＰＶＣ／ＰＢＡＬＩＰＮ的相容性和阻尼性能较ＰＳ／ＰＢＡＬＩＰＮ更好     

在铅笔芯电极上Zn（Ⅱ）伏安特性的研究

本文用铅笔芯制成的电极（ＰＣＥ），与玻碳电极（ＧＣＥ）比较，研究了Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）的阶梯循环伏安法（ＣＳＶ）、阶梯阳极溶出伏安法（ＡＳＳＶ）和差分脉冲阳极溶出法（ＡＳＤＰＶ）等的伏安特性。实验指出，ＰＣＥ与ＧＣＥ有相似的伏安特性曲线，且具有较好的重视性和选择性。由于ＰＣＥ较ＧＣＥ的结构疏松，电极表面积较大，故ＰＣＥ的灵敏度ＲＧＣＥ高。其阳极溶出法的最低检出限可达到５×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１的Ｚｎ（Ⅱ），Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）的浓度在３．６×１０－４～８×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１范围内与峰电流呈良好的线性关系。     

曲马多PVC膜选择性电极的研制

介绍了一种曲马多ＰＶＣ膜电极。该电极以曲马多——四苯硼缔合物为电活性物质，线性范围为４．０＊１０￣（－５）—４．０＊１０￣（－２）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，检测下限为１．４＊１０￣（－５）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，斜率为５９．８ｍＶ／ｐｃ。电极在ｐＨ＝３．０－７．０之间对曲马多的回收率为９６．７％，电极被用于曲马多片剂和针剂中曲马多的含量测定，取得了较为满意的结果。     

渗透汽化法分离乙醇／水混合物

将壳聚糖（ＣＳ）和聚乙烯醇（ＰＶＡ）混合物涂到聚丙烯腈（ＰＡＮ）底膜上,通过交联制成壳聚糖复合膜。研究了膜对乙醇／水溶液的渗透汽化性能,讨论了料液浓度、温度对膜分离性能的影响。结果表明,ＣＳ－ＰＶＡ／ＰＡＮ膜具有优异的渗透选择性能。当料液乙醇含量为９５ｗｔ％,温度为６０℃和７０℃时,渗透通量分别为３１０ｇ／（ｍ２·ｈ）和４３３ｇ／（ｍ２·ｈ）;分离因子为１１６和１２７。渗透通量与温度呈Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ关系     

叶绿素铜钠盐敏化SnO2超微粒薄膜的光电转换性能

采用直流气体放电活化反应蒸发沉积法,制备ＳｎＯ２超微粒薄膜（ＵＰＦ）作光电极。ＳＥＭ分析结果表明,平均粒径为６０ｎｍ。采用叶绿素铜钠盐作光敏剂、ＳｎＯ２ＵＰＦ作光电极、Ｉ／Ｉ３氧化还原作电解液,导电玻璃或镀有金属铝膜的载玻片作集电极,我电化学基片。研究Ｉ／Ｉ３电解液,染料、两极距离及不同集电极对光电性能的影响,获得单位面积的开路电压（ＶＯＣ）为２６８ｍＶ,短路电流（ＩＳＣ）为２０μＡ。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~