嵌段共聚物ABA/均聚物B共混体系在选择性溶剂中自组装行为的Monte Carlo模拟

采用Monte Carlo模拟方法研究了嵌段共聚物ABA/均聚物B共混体系在选择性溶剂中的自组装行为.模拟结果表明,在保证高分子浓度一定的情况下,改变均聚物的含量对于自组装所形成的胶束形貌结构有很大影响.当均聚物含量增大到一定程度,体系最终得到大的球状胶束.     

以PS-P2VP嵌段共聚物为模板获得金-氧化铁复合纳米粒子有序排列

采用具有两亲性的嵌段共聚物聚苯乙烯-b-聚二乙烯基吡啶嵌段物(PS-P2VP),与无机前躯体FeCl3和HAuCl4.xH2O在选择性溶剂甲苯中自组装,得到以P2VP/FeCl3/HAuCl4为核、PS为壳的球形胶束;硅片上的胶束经磞氢化钠水溶液还原后用紫外灯降解除去PS-P2VP后得到复合粒子。经场发射扫描电镜、扫描探针显微镜、X射线光电子能谱分析仪等表征及检测,结果表明:在2.2 keV和6.4 keV处分别检测出金和铁元素的信号峰,得到有序排列的金-氧化铁复合纳米粒子。     

双亲三嵌段共聚物在溶液中自组装形态的模拟

利用模拟退火方法模拟了对称的双亲三嵌段共聚物在溶液中的自组装过程．研究了溶剂和聚合物之间的相互作用对处于溶液中的三嵌段共聚物聚集体形态的影响;同时,对比了不同结构(ABA和BAB)三嵌段共聚物的自组装形态．模拟结果表明随着溶剂和疏水嵌段(B段)之间的相互作用(ε_(BS))的增加,共聚物自组装形态依次为球状、短柱状、柱状、短柱状、洋葱状．当溶剂和亲水嵌段(A段)之间的相互作用(ε_(AS))由-0．2变为0．0时,在较小的ε_(BS)值下出现上述胶束形态的转变．同时由模拟结果表明,与ABA相比,三嵌段共聚物BAB在较小的ε_(BS)值处出现上述胶束形态转变．     

PS-b-P4VP胶束负载铜纳米粒子的制备及催化

以乙苯为选择性溶液,制备嵌段共聚物聚苯乙烯-聚4-乙烯吡啶(PS-b-P4VP)的自组装胶束.通过铜离子与P4VP的络合作用,原位还原获得了胶束负载铜纳米粒子催化体系.通过透射电镜分析,在胶束的核内获得了2～3 nm铜纳米粒子.检验了胶束负载铜纳米粒子催化氧气氧化乙苯的反应,探讨了温度、时间对催化反应的影响,以及反应后...     

RAFT细乳液法合成PMMA-b-PS及其自组装研究

采用可逆加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合方法(RAFT),在细乳液体系中合成了分子量相对可控的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-聚苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(PMMA-b-PS)及PMMA均聚物.用FTIR1、H-NMR、GPC对聚合物结构和组成进行了表征.用TEM观察了PMMA-b-P/PMMA在选择性溶剂四氢呋喃/环己烷中的自组装行为,发现随着均聚物含量的增加,胶束形态由分散的球形转变为球形和不规则形态的混合物,胶束尺寸也有所增大.混合溶剂中四氢呋喃的含量也对胶束形态有所影响,随着四氢呋喃含量的增加,胶束有彼此聚集的趋势,在THF含量为60%时,胶束尺寸达到大约400 nm,是实验中所观察到的最大胶束.     

磁热响应复合载药胶束的热化疗协同效应

以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)、N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺(DMAM)为单体,通过可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合(RAFT),制备了一种临界相转变温度(LCST)为42.5℃的温敏性两亲性嵌段共聚物PLA29-b-P(NIPAM29-co-DMAM13)。通过高温前驱体分解法制备了单分散超顺磁性纳米粒子Mn_(0.6)Zn_(0.4)Fe_2O_4;并采用自组装得到了载有药物(喜树碱,CPT)和磁性纳米粒子的磁热温敏复合载药胶束。通过透射电子显微镜、紫外光分光光度计以及MTT等对该胶束的形态、药物控释能力和细胞毒性进行了研究。结果表明,该胶束具有良好的生物学和药物控释性能。同时,通过激光共聚焦显微镜与流式细胞仪研究了磁热温敏复合载药胶束在不同条件下对特定肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用。结果表明,磁热疗和化疗的高效协同效应可促进肿瘤细胞对药物的吞噬,增强药物对肿瘤细胞的毒性。对该载药胶束的磁热化疗协同增效机制也进行了初步探究。     

激光光散射研究温度敏感性聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)——胶束的复合作用

聚(ε-己内酯)-b-聚乙二醇-b-聚(ε-己内酯)(PCL-b-PEO-b-PCL)三嵌段聚合物在水中自组装形成以PCL为核、PEO为壳的胶束,利用激光光散射研究该胶束与温度敏感性聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PiPA)的复合过程.结果发现:PiPA与胶束通过疏水作用形成复合物,该复合作用随温度和胶束-PiPA质量比(r)的增加而升高.当r=1时,随着温度升高,溶液中游离的PiPA链及复合物表面的PiPA链发生塌缩和聚集,使复合物粒径减小,散射光强增加.当r=5时,复合物的链内塌缩引起粒径减小,散射光强保持不变.     

聚合物微球粒子的自组装制备

采用溶剂置换自组装方法使用聚苯乙烯和聚苯乙烯-嵌段-异戊二烯制备了两种表面结构不同的聚合物微球粒子.SEM和TEM结果表明,采用聚苯乙烯为原料得到了表面光滑的微球,采用嵌段共聚物得到了表面具有波纹结构的微球,表明这种自组装过程是一种高度有秩序的单层分子排列过程.     

双亲双嵌段共聚物在选择性稀溶液中自组装形态的模拟退火研究

本文利用模拟退火方法模拟了双亲双嵌共聚物在选择性溶剂中的自组装过程 .研究了溶剂和聚合物之间的相互作用对处于溶液中的双嵌段共聚物聚集体的形状和大小的影响 .同时考察了球状 -杆状胶束之间的转变机制 .模拟结果表明 ,当溶剂和疏水嵌段之间的相互作用较小时 ,聚集物的形态是球状胶束 ,而且随着相互作用的增加 ,球状胶束的聚集数增加 .当溶剂和疏水嵌段之间的相互作用增加时 ,聚集物的形态将由球状变为杆状 ,并进一步变为洋葱状     

磁热温敏复合载药胶束对肿瘤细胞的热化疗协同增效研究

利用单体NIPMA、DMAM合成相转变温度(LCST)为42.5℃的两亲性嵌段共聚物,并自组装得到载有喜树碱(CPT)和磁性纳米粒子Mn_(0.6)Zn_(0.4)Fe_2O_4的磁热温敏复合载药胶束.对该胶束的细胞毒性等生物学性能和不同条件下疗效差异的机理进行研究,明确了磁热温敏复合载药胶束在不同条件下对肿瘤细胞生长的抑制作用,发现磁热疗和化疗的高效协同效应可增强CPT对肿瘤细胞的细胞毒性.同时对该复合载药胶束的磁热化疗协同增效机理进行了初步研究.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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