一株纤维素酶产生菌的固态发酵初步研究

用预处理的天然纤维素为碳源，从土壤中筛选出8株产纤维素酶能力较强的真菌，选取其中CMC糖化力(CMCase)和滤纸糖化力(FPA)均较高的JZ—H进行固态发酵实验，初步研究表明，该菌以杂草为碳源，(NH4)2S04和蛋白胨为氮源，500mL三角瓶装干料10g，自然pH，30℃培养96h，发酵物的CMcase达128．5IU／g，FPA达75．8U／g，蛋白质增加13．5％．     

一株纤维素分解菌的分离选育

以天然秸秆纤维素为碳源,从土壤、酒糟及牛粪中共分离到5株能分解纤维素的真菌菌株.分别对其进行了滤纸分解度、羧甲基纤维素酶活力(CM C ase)、滤纸糖化力(FPA)和天然纤维素酶活力的测定.结果表明:F-25菌株对滤纸的分解能力最强,不到12 h滤纸全成糊状;同时羧甲基纤维素酶活力、滤纸糖化力和天然纤维素酶活力也最高,分别为2.884(m g/mL).30 m in、0.36(m g/mL).h和2768(m g/mL).d.     

高产纤维素酶菌株的筛选及产酶条件研究

从霉变的玉米芯中筛选到一株高产纤维素酶的菌株，经18S rRNA基因序列分析和菌株形态特性分析，确定该菌株为灰绿曲霉(Aspergillus glaucus)．利用固体纤曲培养产生纤维素酶，研究了培养基起始pH值、培养温度、培养时间、接种量、氮源、稻草粉与麸皮比例、表面活性剂等对菌株产酶的影响．在最适条件下菌株培养72h后，羧甲基纤维素酶(CMCase)活力高达6812U／g(干曲．下同)，滤纸酶活力(FPA)达172U／g．利用该菌株对蔗渣进行分解．其糖化率达36．4％．     

康宁木霉液态发酵高产纤维素酶和木聚糖酶的研究

对选育的一株康宁木霉（Trichoderma koningii）QF-02进行了液态发酵生产纤维素酶和木聚糖酶的研究。实验结果表明：碳源的种类及性质是影响产酶的关键因素,价廉易得的天然稻草是其产酶的良好碳源。在培养基组成为40目稻草粉4g、Mandels营养液100mL、起始pH值4.8的优化培养条件下,摇瓶培养120h所得3种酶的平均活力分别为：滤纸酶活（FPA）1.43IU/mL, β-葡萄糖苷酶活0.36IU/mL, 木聚糖酶活176.8IU/mL。与商品纤维素酶制剂相比,在FPA载量相同(3FPU/g原料)的情况下,自制的复合酶在水解碱预处理稻草和天然稻草时,总还原糖产量比商品纤维素酶提高55%和40%,葡萄糖产量提高33%和12%。研究结果还表明木聚糖酶和纤维素酶具有协同酶解木质纤维素的作用。     

康氏木霉产酶发酵固体培养基优化研究

为利用廉价的培养基生产纤维素酶复合制剂，本实验采用培养基配方选择试验和双温度培养法对康氏木霉F244产酶特性进行了研究．在测定滤纸酶(FPA)、棉花酶、羧甲基纤维素酶(CMCase)、β-葡萄糖苷酶和果胶酶活力的基础上利用SPSS建立回归方程，全相关系数分别达到0．852，0．941，0．964，0．703，0．899，而后通过无约束规划求解找到最佳配方，并对酶活进行了预报和对比．结果表明：各酶活最大时对培养基各成分的含量要求不同；应用稻草粉质量分数20．3％，麸皮质量分数26．1％，(NH4)2SO4质量分数7．9％，水分质量分数45．7％的配方发酵时，F244的FPA、棉花酶、CMCase、β-葡萄糖苷酶、果胶酶活可望达14．1，20．1，43．9，21．6，16．8IU／g，基本与里氏木霉Q9414在其推荐培养基上的产酶水平相当，而且该配方用料来源广泛，成本低廉，工艺简单，产品安全无毒．     

分解纤维素的三株真菌的筛选与鉴定

6月中旬,在兰大校园内生物楼前面花园的人工湖的周围,采集了各种树木(避开松树)和灌木丛下潮湿的腐质土壤、枯枝落叶、朽木、植物残体.以及草丛处的潮湿的腐质土样.采用羧甲基纤维素钠培养基初筛,通过测纤维素酶活力复筛,最终筛选出滤纸酶活力FPA和羧甲基纤维素酶活力同时都较高的菌株3株,分别编号No-1(FPA:235.35U,CMCase activity:1132.2U),No-2(FPA:194.72U,CMCase activity:1022.4U),No-3(FPA:107.25U,CMCase activity:566.12U).经形态学初步鉴定菌株No-1是康氏木霉,菌株No-2是青霉,菌株No-3是里氏木霉。     

复合碳源包覆对LiFePO4/C正极材料性能的影响

采用固相合成法在惰性气氛下合成了LiFePO₄/C复合正极材料,采用比表面积（SSA）、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）以及电化学测试等手段对合成样品进行了结构表征和性能测试;考察了采用蔗糖、柠檬酸、蔗糖与炭黑掺杂、蔗糖柠檬酸与炭黑掺杂等不同碳源对最终复合正极材料性能的影响。结果表明,当采用蔗糖柠檬酸与炭黑的复合碳源时,正极材料在碳含量相近的情况下比表面积得到了控制,粒度分布和振实密度没有明显的变化,0-1C比容量达154mAh/g,1C比容量达到了142mAh/g;但是采用复合碳源,材料的初始内阻和极化程度有所增大。     

一株纤维素酶产生菌的筛选鉴定

用CMC平板筛选方法,从草丛土样中筛选到一株产纤维素酶的菌株,该菌在20℃～50℃、pH4.0～10.0、NaCl1.0%～10.0%的条件下均能生长,在26℃～39℃、pH6.0～8.0、NaCl4.0%～6.0%条件下生长快速。经采用Biolog进行碳源利用鉴定判定为黄曲霉,命名为AF-1。AF-1的CMCase为19.26U/mL,FPA为6.22U/mL,纤维分解率为20.6%。采用单因素法对AF-1产酶条件进行了初步测定。     

以甜高粱渣为原料发酵生产乙醇

研究了以甜高粱渣为原料生产燃料乙醇：甜高粱渣经磷酸水解,水解液中和浓缩后接入管囊酵母（Pachysolen tannophilus）发酵生产乙醇,水解残渣加入纤维素酶和酿酒酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）同步糖化发酵。通过正交实验研究了磷酸水解甜高粱渣的条件,最优条件为：磷酸浓度80g/L、反应温度120℃、反应时间80min、固液比1∶10,最大还原糖得率为0.3024g/g干物料。水解液管囊酵母发酵最大乙醇浓度为14.5g/L;水解残渣同步糖化发酵,当底物浓度为5%时最大乙醇浓度达5.4g/L。总乙醇产率为0.147g/gDM。     

不同锂源和碳源对RAPET法合成LiFePO_4/C的影响

以自制的磷酸铁作为铁源和磷源,用高温自生压力法（即RAPET法）合成了LiFe-PO4/C复合材料,分别比较了以葡萄糖、蔗糖或柠檬酸为碳源和以碳酸锂或氢氧化锂为锂源所得LiFePO4/C复合材料电化学性能的影响。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、循环伏安（CV）、交流阻抗（EIS）和充放电测试等方法,分别对样品的晶型和电化学性能等进行了表征和分析。结果表明：以柠檬酸为碳源、碳酸锂为锂源制备的LiFePO4/C复合材料电化学性能更优异,首次放电比容量达到166.1mAh/g。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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