Integration of quanta in cerebellar granule cells during sensory processing

To understand the computations performed by the input layers of cortical structures, it is essential to determine the relationship between sensory-evoked synaptic input and the resulting pattern of output spikes. In the cerebellum, granule cells constitute the input layer, translating mossy fibre signals into parallel fibre input to Purkinje cells. Until now, their small size and dense packing have precluded recordings from individual granule cells in vivo. Here we use whole-cell patch-clamp recordings to show the relationship between mossy fibre synaptic currents evoked by somatosensory stimulation and the resulting granule cell output patterns. Granule cells exhibited a low ongoing firing rate, due in part to dampening of excitability by a tonic inhibitory conductance mediated by GABA(A) (gamma-aminobutyric acid type A) receptors. Sensory stimulation produced bursts of mossy fibre excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) that summate to trigger bursts of spikes. Notably, these spike bursts were evoked by only a few quantal EPSCs, and yet spontaneous mossy fibre inputs triggered spikes only when inhibition was reduced. Our results reveal that the input layer of the cerebellum balances exquisite sensitivity with a high signal-to-noise ratio. Granule cell bursts are optimally suited to trigger glutamate receptor activation and plasticity at parallel fibre synapses, providing a link between input representation and memory storage in the cerebellum.     

网络入侵检测中的特征提取研究

特征提取是入侵检测的核心问题,有效的特征提取对于入侵检测的检测率、误报率和实时性有着重要影响.本文在对TCP/IP协议和常见网络攻击方式分析的基础上,对网络入侵检测中的特征提取问题进行了深入的研究,并通过实例分析验证了所提取特征的有效性.     

耳蜗毛细胞换能的生物物理特性

耳蜗的声感受是通过将大气压的微小波动转换成沿听神经传导的AP而实现的，HC在这-机-电换能过程中起关键作用。近二十年来，HC换能的生物物理特性研究取得许多重要突破，已在诸多方面从根本上改变了人们对听觉机制的传统认识。本文从HC换能模型、IHC与OHC的功能差异以及耳蜗声分析主动机制等三方面对这一领域进行了讨论与展望。     

数字签名技术在网络安全中的应用

网络安全在网络经济中占据着重要的地位，本从对网络安全的需求分析出发，论述了数字签名的技术基础和实现过程，给出了用公开密钥密码技术和常规密码技术实现电子签名的实例。     

基于分布式的网络信息处理模型及性能分析

针对网络信息处理的特点，提出了一种基于分布式的网络信息处理模型．通过对该模型进行排队分析，得到该模型的阻塞率可以用Erlang公式计算的结论．研究表明，实验结果与分析所得结果一致，表明分布式模型在特征匹配能力和使用效率方面都得到大幅提高．     

基于数字签名技术的网络安全实现

针对网络安全问题，提出了一种数字签名解决方案，概要地介绍了数字签名在各领域的应用和必要性，分析了数字签名发送和证实的原理及争议的仲裁.详细阐述了基于 JAVA语言的 DSA算法数字签名过程，并给出了 JAVA的函数格式和语法，以及实现数字签名过程的 JAVA语言源秩序.     

控制网数据处理及优化设计

介绍了采用间接平差法进行数据处理,用模拟法进行优化设计的系统.该系统可以处理多种控制网的观测数据,自动显示网形图,可以对图形进行放大缩小等操作,并提供网的总体精度、局部精度等多种指标.对导线网进行的试验表明,优化前后的控制网的精度有明显提高,网形更加合理.     

基于模糊积分的神经网络离线签名识别

提出一种基于模糊积分融合方式的多神经网络离线签名识别方法。首先对签名图像进行一系列预处理,提取不同类型的特征,然后使用神经网络进行初分类,再用模糊积分进行融合。实验表明,该识别方法能够比单个神经网络有更好的签名识别效果。     

一个基于椭圆曲线的代理签名和代理盲签名方案

代理签名和盲签名是比较新的两种签名类型。文中给出了基于椭圆曲线的一个椭圆曲线代理签名和代理盲签名方案，并对其安全性作了分析。     

自相似网络流量的处理和分析

为了解决自相似模型难以进行自相似网络流量趋势预测的问题,提出时间序列分析中短时相关模型(自适应自回归模型)的方法用于流量数据的估计;同时为了提高预测精度,提出改进的最小平方格型(modified least square lattice, MLSL)算法,使模型参数不断递推修正,收敛到最佳值.仿真试验结果验证了短时相关模型在网络流量预测应用中的可行性,实现了自相似网络流量的短期预测,该算法比最小平方(least square, LS)算法均方误差减少20%, 具有收敛快、预测精度高的优点,而该算法的计算量减少一半.     

一种安全的有效代理签名方案

 首先分析了Mambo-Usuda-Okamoto的代理签名方案,并指出其方案所存在的问题;然后设计出了一个具有代理权限限制与防止代理权限转移的时间戳代理签名方案,最后并对方案进行了分析.     

一种安全有效的盲签名体制

为了满足电子招投标系统的安全需求和提高它的运行效率，在分析椭圆曲线公钥密码、自认证公钥、Nyberg-Rueppel签名方案和位委托协议的基础上，设计了一种安全有效的盲签名方案，并对该方案的正确性、有效性和安全性进行了必要分析和证明．     

稳健估计在水准网数据处理中的应用

探讨在观测值含有粗差的情况下,采用稳健估计的方法,分析稳健估计对粗差的抵抗能力,并在此基础上设计稳健估计程序,通过实例对比分析说明稳健估计方法的优越性.     

Oscillation and noise determine signal transduction in shark multimodal sensory cells

Oscillating membrane potentials that generate rhythmic impulse patterns are considered to be of particular significance for neuronal information processing. In contrast, noise is usually seen as a disturbance which limits the accuracy of information transfer. We show here, however, that noise in combination with intrinsic oscillations can provide neurons with particular encoding properties, a discovery we made when recording from single electro-sensory afferents of a fish. The temporal sequence of the impulse trains indicates oscillations that operate near the spike-triggering threshold. The oscillation frequency determines the basic rhythm of impulse generation, but whether or not an impulse is actually triggered essentially depends on superimposed noise. The probability of impulse generation can be altered considerably by minor modifications of oscillation baseline and amplitude, which may underlie the exquisite sensitivity of these receptors to thermal and electrical stimuli. Additionally, thermal, but not electrical, stimuli alter the oscillation frequency, allowing dual sensory messages to be conveyed in a single spike train. These findings demonstrate novel properties of sensory transduction which may be relevant for neuronal signalling in general.     

A network of fast-spiking cells in the neocortex connected by electrical synapses

Encoding of information in the cortex is thought to depend on synchronous firing of cortical neurons. Inhibitory neurons are known to be critical in the coordination of cortical activity, but how interaction among inhibitory cells promotes synchrony is not well understood. To address this issue directly, we have recorded simultaneously from pairs of fast-spiking (FS) cells, a type of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-containing neocortical interneuron. Here we report a high occurrence of electrical coupling among FS cells. Electrical synapses were not found among pyramidal neurons or between FS cells and other cortical cells. Some FS cells were interconnected by both electrical and GABAergic synapses. We show that communication through electrical synapses allows excitatory signalling among inhibitory cells and promotes their synchronous spiking. These results indicate that electrical synapses establish a network of fast-spiking cells in the neocortex which may play a key role in coordinating cortical activity.     

人工神经网络在仪表信息处理中的应用

介绍了一种用于测量二次仪表中充满管道的过热蒸气流量和载热计算的人工神经网络。它节省了储存空间和运算时间, 具有本征性滤波功能, 在高准确度, 防止发散、偏离和非唯一性方面较之传统算法具有很大优越性。同时, 还进一步介绍了由此而产生的具有学习能力的仪表。     

高速网络流实时处理模型研究与实现

针对当前网络流处理存在的实时性不足,难以适应不同网络流量规模的问题,研究并实现了一种多流量场景实时网络流重组架构,旨在进行网络流处理时能够适应不同的网络流量场景,并且有效提升系统资源利用率。该架构基于DPDK实现高速流量实时采集,并且对流重组过程进行阶段划分,构造不同场景的运行拓扑,实现系统资源的动态分配。在单机环境下实现了该系统,并在10 Gbps网络环境下进行测试,结果表明该架构在吞吐量和资源利用率上优于同类其他方法。     

Schwann cells induce morphological transformation of sensory neurones in vitro

Cell-cell interactions are thought to play a crucial part in determining the developmental fate of vertebrate cells and regulating their subsequent differentiation. In the peripheral nervous system, for example, signals from neuronal axons determine whether or not some Schwann cells wrap their plasma membrane concentricially around the axon to form a myelin sheath. Moreover, there is some evidence that the interactions between Schwann cells and neurones are not all one way: for example, Schwann cells are thought to provide signals for neuronal sprouting and regeneration. However, there are no clear examples in which Schwann cells have been shown to influence the normal development of neurones. Here I have used purified populations of embryonic sensory neurones and Schwann cells to demonstrate that Schwann cells have a dramatic influence on the development of these neurones. In the presence of Schwann cells, but not other cell types, the sensory neurones undergo a morphological transformation from an immature bipolar form to a mature pseudo-unipolar form. This provides a striking example of the importance of glial cells for neuronal development.     

基于Rabin数字签名的非对称无线局域网认证方案

在基于IEEE802.1x的无线局域网中,所有站点只能和接入点直接通信,从而导致无线局域网的吞吐率较低,接入点运算负荷过大。针对这一问题,文章提出将改进的消息可恢复Rabin-PSS概率签名算法和El-Gamal签名算法相结合,采用非对称认证的方式进行无线局域网接入认证,减轻接入点的运算负荷。同时,Rabin-PSS概率签名算法具有消息可恢复功能,可节省通信的带宽。