奥氏体锰钢应变诱发马氏体相变热力学分析

文章在Ｆｅ－Ｘ－Ｃ系规则溶液模型基础上，结合奥氏体锰钢的工况条件，计算了中锰钢和高锰钢在Ｍｓ温度和室温时的△Ｇγ→α，△Ｇγ→Ｍ及外界机械能。从而找到了奥氏体锰钢的屈服强度和相变驱动力之间关系。从热力学上阐明了中锰钢能够发生应变诱发马氏体相变。     

低稳定性奥氏体锰钢的形变强化浅析

高锰钢是目前广泛使用的一种耐磨钢。它是利用“水韧处理”(即将高锰钢加热至临界温度以上,一般为900～950℃,保温一段时间,得均匀奥氏体组织后,将钢迅速淬入水中冷却的处理)而获得奥氏体组织,在使用过程中,当其受到外界强大冲击力或压力时,奥氏体组织会产生     

奥氏体锰钢与45#钢的焊接

分析了奥氏体锰钢和４５＃钢的焊接性,制定了切实可行的焊接工艺措施及焊接规范,并对接头进行了金相组织的分析和力学性能的测试,获得了满意的结果。     

耐磨介稳奥氏体锰钢的成分设计

根据回归分析原理，通过对介稳奥氏体锰钢磨面硬度Ｈ与加工硬化指数ｎ和磨损冲击功ａ之间关系，以及耐磨性△Ｗ＾－１与磨面硬度Ｈ和韧度ａｋ之间关系的分析，给出其关系Ｈ＝Ｈ０＋８１０ｎ（ｌｎ１５ａ）＾ｎ，△Ｗ＾－１＝２．３×１０＾－３Ｈ√ａｋ（１－Ｈ／９１０）由此可对介稳奥氏体耐磨锰钢进行成分设计。     

中锰钢两相区退火奥氏体逆转变的数值分析

根据中锰钢热轧组织结构确立两相区奥氏体化的几何模型和初始条件,利用DICTRA动力学分析软件对中锰钢马氏体基体奥氏体化过程进行计算分析。在奥氏体化初期的形核过程中,马氏体中过饱和的碳锰元素从铁素体迅速转移到奥氏体并在相界面奥氏体一侧聚集。后续的相变过程中,碳在奥氏体中快速均化,但锰在相界面奥氏体一侧的聚集加剧。相变初期奥氏体界面推移速度比中后期高出若干个数量级,但随时间推移迅速衰减。相变初期相界面推移是碳扩散主导,相变后期界面推移受到锰在奥氏体中扩散速度制约。温度升高可显著提高相界面推移速度。达到相同数量奥氏体的情况下,低温长时退火有利于锰从铁素体向奥氏体转移并提高其在奥氏体中的富集度,从而提高奥氏体的稳定性。     

奥氏体锰钢中合金元素有序簇聚现象的电阻表征

通过对合金化奥氏体锰钢不同温度下的电阻测量,能够反映这种材料中合金元素的有序簇聚过程,以及铬对短程有序簇聚的促进作用,为奥氏体锰钢中的合金元素有序簇聚现象提供了新的证据.     

空冷奥氏体相变过程中的相变潜热

在考虑相变潜热释放的基础上,对40Cr圆钢终轧后空冷条件下的温度场进行了模拟.同时,采用差示扫描量热法,对金属空冷过程中的相变过程的相变特征点及释放的相变潜热量进行了实验研究.利用实验和模拟结果,论证了瞬时冷却速率曲线法判定相变点的可靠性.     

9Ni钢中逆转变奥氏体的稳定性

为了研究逆转变奥氏体在应力和低温条件下的稳定性,通过透射电子显微镜对淬火+回火(QT)和淬火+两相区淬火+回火(QLT)处理9Ni钢中逆转变奥氏体进行形貌观察.结果发现QT处理钢中逆转变奥氏体以块状形态存在;QLT处理钢中逆转变奥氏体以块状和薄膜状存在,薄膜状逆转变奥氏体分布在板条边界上.通过X射线衍射对液氮浸泡前后逆转变奥氏体含量和其碳含量的变化进行测量,发现QLT工艺处理后在液氮中稳定存在的逆转变奥氏体的含量要高于QT工艺.通过三点弯曲试验、单轴拉伸和压缩试验研究其机械稳定性,发现拉应力和压应力均能促使逆转变奥氏体转变,大部分残留奥氏体分布在晶内.     

系列奥氏体锰钢的强韧性对耐磨性的影响

通过对系列锰钢的冲击磨粒磨损性能的研究得出在低冲击下锰钢的耐磨性与磨面硬度具有良好的相关性,而在高冲击功下磨面硬度不再是耐磨性的主要影响因素的研究结论。另外通过对冲击功、冲击韧性和耐磨性三者之间关系的研究,得出当冲击韧性/冲击功(a_k/J)在30—70范围内时,锰钢具有较高的耐磨性的研究结果。     

Multiphase-field simulation of austenite reversion in medium-Mn steels

Medium-Mn steels have attracted immense attention for automotive applications owing to their outstanding combination of high strength and superior ductility. This steel class is generally characterized by an ultrafine-grained duplex microstructure consisting of ferrite and a large amount of austenite. Such a unique microstructure is processed by intercritical annealing, where austenite reversion occurs in a fine martensitic matrix. In the present study, austenite reversion in a medium-Mn alloy was simulated by the multiphase-field approach using the commercial software MICRESS~? coupled with the thermodynamic database TCFE8 and the kinetic database MOBFE2. In particular, a faceted anisotropy model was incorporated to replicate the lamellar morphology of reversed austenite. The simulated microstructural morphology and phase transformation kinetics(indicated by the amount of phase) concurred well with experimental observations by scanning electron microscopy and in situ synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffraction, respectively.     

临界间退火对低合金TRIP钢奥氏体等温转变动力学的影响

用膨胀法及金相法研究了20Mn2SiMoV钢经780℃界间退火后奥氏体在600-650℃以及320-450℃温度区间的等温转变动力学。结果表明，经780℃不完全奥氏体化，过冷奥氏体的稳定性增强，奥氏体分解的高温转变和中温转变孕育期与完成时间都延长，而且高温转变区和中温转变区明显分开，贝氏体区奥氏体转变具有不完全性。临界间退火后过冷奥氏体的高温转变产物为铁素体与珠光体，中温转变产物为铁素体、贝氏体、马氏体和残余奥氏体的混合组织。     

低合金钢过冷奥氏体转变曲线CAD

用计算机对低合金钢的过冷奥氏体转变动力学进行了数学模拟，综合考 虑了冷却速度、合金化学成分和晶粒度等因素对过冷奥氏体转变的影响。利 用ｄＢＡＳＥ Ⅲ程序设计语言和ＢＡＳＩＣＡ程序设计语言建立了合金钢数据库， 并在ＩＢＭ－ＰＣ机上绘出了ＴＴＴ曲线及ＣＣＴ曲线。     

低碳中锰热轧TRIP钢退火工艺及组织演变

研究了第三代高强度高塑性TRIP钢的退火工艺对性能的影响和组织演变规律.热轧后形成的原始马氏体与临界退火时形成的残余奥氏体使TRIP钢具有良好的强度和塑性.结果表明:实验用钢可获得1000MPa以上的抗拉强度和30%以上的断后延伸率,且强塑积30 GPa.%;退火温度和保温时间对钢的力学性能具有显著影响,热轧TRIP钢临界退火温度为630℃,保温时间18 h时,实验用钢能获得最佳的综合力学性能.     

Effect of initial microstructure on austenite formation kinetics in high-strength experimental microalloyed steels

Austenite formation kinetics in two high-strength experimental microalloyed steels with different initial microstructures compris-ing bainite–martensite and ferrite–martensite/austenite microconstituents was studied during continuous heating by dilatometric analysis. Austenite formation occurred in two steps:(1) carbide dissolution and precipitation and (2) transformation of residual ferrite to austenite. Di-latometric analysis was used to determine the critical temperatures of austenite formation and continuous heating transformation diagrams for heating rates ranging from 0.03°C×s?1 to 0.67°C×s?1. The austenite volume fraction was fitted using the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov equation to determine the kinetic parameters k and n as functions of the heating rate. Both n and k parameters increased with increasing heat-ing rate, which suggests an increase in the nucleation and growth rates of austenite. The activation energy of austenite formation was deter-mined by the Kissinger method. Two activation energies were associated with each of the two austenite formation steps. In the first step, the austenite growth rate was controlled by carbon diffusion from carbide dissolution and precipitation;in the second step, it was controlled by the dissolution of residual ferrite to austenite.     

含氮奥氏体钢时效析出Cr2N的数值模拟

研究Fe-24Mn-18Cr-3Ni-0．6N高氮奥氏体钢在1023～1223K温度范围内时效过程中Cr2N的析出规律。根据析出相变热力学和动力学建立Cr2N析出的定量计算的数理模型。利用人工神经网络进行计算和验证,结果是满意的。该数学模型可用于高氮奥氏体钢时效Cr2N析出的计算设计和预测。     

马氏体基TRIP钢的组织与力学性能

在基本C-Si-Mn系TRIP钢的基础上,通过调整工艺参数获得具有马氏体基的TRIP钢,通过扫描电镜分析、透射电镜分析、电子背散射衍射分析、X射线衍射分析、单向拉伸实验等对经不同工艺处理的实验用钢的显微组织和力学性能进行了对比分析.结果表明:两相区退火温度升高,铁素体比例减少,贝氏体比例增加,残余奥氏体整体先增加后减少;在较低温度下退火时,条状铁素体合并成为块状铁素体;在较高温度下退火时,条状奥氏体合并成为块状奥氏体,随后在冷却过程中转变为马氏体或残余奥氏体;实验钢在780℃退火时,获得最佳综合力学性能,此时抗拉强度达1053MPa,延伸率达23%,强塑积达24GPa×%.一定量的细小弥散的板条残余奥氏体是实验钢获得高强塑积的主要原因.     

A New Mean Reversion Model of Close-End Fund

On the basis of fractal theory, one of the nonlinear theories, this paper studies the validity of Chinese fund market fractal time sequence through Hurst exponent, calculates the H value and proposes a new close-end fund mean reversion model. Meanwhile, this paper validates the mean reversion time sequence for consecutive 54 week data of fund market. The result indicates that this model can effectively prove that Chinese close-end fund market follows the biased random walk. The research also proves that the fund discount does have mean reversion tendency and averagely the fund with high discount has a higher excess yield than that of the fund with low discount. The mean excess yield and the ratio between discount rate deviation and standard deviation demonstrate a descending relationship. The optimum investment period based on ＂mean reversion＂ is one month. Consequently this model provides a new arbitrage method through the discount of close-end fund.     

Atomic-scale computer simulation for ternary alloy Ni-Cr-Al during early precipitation process

The aging behaviors of Ni-Cr-Al ternary alloy are studied at temperature 873 K based on the mean-field theory, and the early precipitation process is simulated at atomic-scale with microscopic phase-field model. The precipitation mechanism of the low supersaturated alloy Ni-12.2at.%Cr-7.8at.%Al is non-classical nucleation and growth, the L12 structure (Ni3Al) and D022 structure (Ni3Cr) phases precipitate simultaneously, a part of D022 phase transmits to L12 structure phase, and other part retains its previous structure. For high supersaturated alloy, congruent ordering appears first, then followed by spinodal decomposition, the nonstoicheometric ordered phases are produced in this process, which occurs before clustering. The precipitation mechanism of Ni-8at.%Cr-18at.%Al alloy is similar to Ni-10at.%Cr-12at.%Al alloy, but the ordering process of the former is ahead of the latter.     

Fe—C—Mn双相钢奥氏体形成动力学

本文采用OM及SEM金相定量研究了亚临界(低于A_(C1))退火对冷轧态Fe-c-Mn双相钢临界区(A_(C1)～A_(C3))奥氏体形成动力学的影响,采用STEM能谱分析及SEM波谱分析测定了在亚临界退火过程中碳化物中锰浓度的变化及在临界区形成的奥氏体的锰浓度。实验结果表明,亚临界退火过程发生锰向碳化物中的平衡偏聚,从而使临界区形成的奥氏体具有较高的锰含量,提高奥氏体的淬透性。这对于周期退火双相钢板的生产具有重要意义。