钻柱疲劳累积损伤的计算方法

基于修正的Miner线性累积损伤理论,结合钻柱的S-N曲线,定义了钻柱应力循环一次造成的钻柱疲劳损伤量和钻柱疲劳累积损伤强度,建立了钻柱疲劳累积损伤的计算方法.算例分析表明钻杆在井口处的单次疲劳损伤最大;当转速一定时,随着钻杆深度的增加,钻杆应力循环一次造成的疲劳损伤减小;在钻压一定的条件下,随着转速的增大,钻杆的单次疲劳损伤增大.该研究结果对于现场提高钻柱的平均使用寿命具有重要的工程理论指导意义.     

钻柱疲劳累积损伤的计算方法

基于修正的Miner线性累积损伤理论,结合钻柱的S-N曲线,定义了钻柱应力循环一次造成的钻柱疲劳损伤量和钻柱疲劳累积损伤强度,建立了钻柱疲劳累积损伤的计算方法.算例分析表明:钻杆在井口处的单次疲劳损伤最大;当转速一定时,随着钻杆深度的增加,钻杆应力循环一次造成的疲劳损伤减小;在钻压一定的条件下,随着转速的增大,钻杆的单次疲劳损伤增大.该研究结果对于现场提高钻柱的平均使用寿命具有重要的工程理论指导意义.     

确定性疲劳累积损伤理论进展

著名的Miner-Palmgren线性累积损伤理论的提出已有70余年，但由于疲劳问题的复杂性，迄今为止还没有一个模型的工程应用价值能与该理论媲美。疲劳累积损伤理论仍在发展与完善中。文章根据疲劳损伤与疲劳累积损伤理论的特点，将确定性疲劳累积损伤理论分成两大类，即线性累积损伤理论和非线性累积损伤理论，并将主要的非线性累积损伤理论分成五类：a. 基于损伤曲线法的非线性累积损伤理论；b. 基于材料物理性能退化概念的非线性累积损伤理论；c. 基于连续损伤力学概念的非线性累积损伤理论；d. 考虑载荷间相互作用效应的非线性累积损伤理论；e. 基于能量法的非线性累积损伤理论。文章分析了每一类模型中有代表性模型的物理背景，回答了模型在疲劳累积损伤理论中存在的主要问题，简要评述了模型的优缺点，讨论了确定性疲劳累积损伤理论的几个关键问题。     

沙堆疲劳损伤累积模型的研究

由于材料具有循环硬化与软化、循环蠕变与松弛等特性,导致其在变幅循环应力作用下的疲劳损伤与加载顺序密切相关.国内外研究者提出了许多损伤累积模型,但有些模型未明确地阐述加载顺序的影响.通过分析影响疲劳损伤的重要因素,提出伴随损伤、视在损伤和耦合损伤新概念,结合模糊理论定量计算由耦合效应引起的耦合损伤,建立了一个能考虑加载顺...     

基于混凝土残余应变的CFRP布与钢板复合加固RC梁疲劳损伤研究

采用碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)与钢板复合加固钢筋混凝土(RC)梁,并对其开展疲劳性能试验,分析梁压区边缘混凝土的疲劳总应变和累积残余应变随循环次数的发展规律,根据实测数据提出梁压区边缘混凝土累积残余应变演化方程,最后利用压区边缘混凝土累积残余应变定义损伤变量,计算获得损伤变量演化曲线.结果表明:随着荷载幅的提高和疲劳循环次数的增加,复合加固的RC梁压区边缘混凝土疲劳总应变和累积残余应变增大,且其发展均呈现明显的三阶段规律;利用压区边缘混凝土累积残余应变所建立的损伤模型,可以较好地反映这种复合加固梁的疲劳累积损伤.研究结果为CFRP布与钢板复合加固梁的剩余疲劳寿命预测和损伤评价奠定了理论基础.     

基于可靠性理论的桅杆焊缝风振疲劳分析

根据某一地区风荷载的分布规律 ,得到不同方向不同风速的累积时间 ,模拟风压脉动时程曲线 ;建立桅杆结构的空间有限元模型 ,计算结构在风荷载作用下的响应 ;得到不同方向不同风速作用下纤绳节点板焊缝的应力循环次数和应力幅 ;根据Miner线性累积损伤准则 ,得到总应力循环次数和等效应力 ;以节点焊缝的极限疲劳循环次数作为随机变量 ,基于可靠性理论 ,计算得到不同服役期节点焊缝的疲劳可靠性 .     

航空发动机涡轮盘低循环疲劳-蠕变寿命预测

针对某型航空发动机高压涡轮盘建立有限元模型,用有限元程序计算该结构在循环裁荷作用下的塑性蠕变变形,并考虑温度载荷的作用。计算了结构危险点在相应温度下的低循环疲劳寿命、蠕变寿命。最后利用线性累积损伤理论进行涡轮盘结构的低循环疲劳-蠕变寿命预测,并讨论了平均应力的影响。     

摩擦系数对支承辊次表层接触疲劳损伤的影响

以正交剪应力作为滚动接触次表层疲劳损伤评价的临界应力,分析了摩擦系数对滚动接触次表层正交剪应力幅及应力比的影响规律.根据疲劳损伤累积理论及非对称循环应力幅修正公式,建立了支承辊次表层接触疲劳应力与寿命计算模型,用于评价支承辊次表层接触疲劳损伤.实例分析了摩擦系数对支承辊次表层接触疲劳损伤的影响,结果表明:随着应力比及摩擦系数增大,支承辊的次表层接触疲劳损伤增大,因此,降低支承辊接触摩擦系数,可改善支承辊的疲劳损伤.     

结构疲劳累积损伤与极限承载能力可靠度

根据反复荷载作用造成的疲劳累积损伤对结构极限承载力的影响，研究了疲劳累积损伤下结构承载能力的可靠度计算方法，并以钢-混凝土组合结构的抗剪螺栓为例进行了分析。结果表明，即使常规的极限承载能力可靠度（不考虑疲劳累积损伤）和疲劳可靠度都很高，疲劳累积伤下结构的实际承载能力可靠度也可能较低，因此，在有条件时应对结构疲劳累积损伤下的极限承载力进行验算。     

45钢复杂应力状态下低周疲劳损伤准则

以单轴载荷条件下带有沟槽的轴对称试样作为基本模型，研究复杂应力状态下低周疲劳的损伤特性，对稳定循环阶段和非稳定循环阶段的损伤提出了不同的损伤定义，定义了局部有效应力损伤概念，并以此建立复杂应力状态下一种新的累积损伤准则，对４５钢低周疲劳损伤进行了分析。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that