青石斑鱼人工配合饵料中蛋白质适宜含量的研究

本文探讨了不同蛋白质含量的配合饵料对青石斑鱼（Ｅｐｉｎｅｐｈｅｌｕｓａｗｏａｒａ）增重的影响。试验设五组，配合饵料组的蛋白质梯度分别为４２．２５％、４７．４６％、５２．５５％和５６．０２％，对照组则投喂鱼类（巴浪鱼）。在水温２０．０～２７．５℃，比重１．０１８５～１．０２２０的条件下，经３５天的试验得出：在配合饵料组中，蛋白质含量为５２．５５％的试验组在鱼体相对增重率（１６．２０％），蛋白质效率（６１．６０％）和饵料转化率（３２．３６％）等试验指标均为最佳。经回归方程分析，青石斑鱼人工配合饵料中蛋白质适宜含量为５０．９１～５４．７８％。     

青石斑鱼人工配合饵料中脂肪适宜含量的研究

本文探讨了不同脂肪含量的配合饵料对青石斑鱼（Ｅｐｉｎｅｐｈｌｕｓａｗｏａｒａ）生长的影响。试验设五组：配合饵料组中在蛋白质最适含量（５２．５５％）下分设脂肪梯度为：６．３１％、９．８７％、１３．１７％和１６．２５％；对照组投喂冰冻科鱼类（巴浪鱼）（脂肪约１６．５６％）。试验期间水温２０．０～２７．５℃，比重１．０１８５～１．０２２０。历经３５天的喂养试验得出：在配合饵料中脂肪含量为９．８７％的试验组鱼体相对增重率最高（１６．２０％）、饵料系数最低（３．０９）。因此认为，青石斑鱼人工配合饵料中脂肪适宜含量为９．８７％左右。     

大规格大鳍鱯饵料适宜蛋白质水平研究

以进口鱼粉、大豆粕为蛋白源,配制等脂肪(含量为5%)、蛋白质水平分别为38%,39%,40%,41%,42%,43%(标号分别为P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,P6)的6组配合饲料.选初始体质量为5.53g的大鳍鳠Mystus macropterus大规格鱼种为试验对象,每组设3个重复,每个重复30尾,养殖系统为室内循环系统,每天投喂2次(上午10:00,下午15:00),养殖水温保持在(25±0.5)℃,水体溶氧为(4.5±0.5)mg/L,连续投喂60d.结果显示,随着饵料蛋白质水平的增加,大鳍鳠的质量增加率、蛋白质效率和特定生长率呈现出先增加(蛋白质40%)后降低(蛋白质40%)的趋势(p0.05).饵料蛋白质水平在40%时,质量增加率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率和饵料转换率最高(p0.05).大鳍鳠人工配合饵料,在脂肪含量为5%时,饵料中蛋白质的最适添加水平为40%.     

青石斑鱼配合饵料中脂肪节约蛋白质效应的初步研究

本文探讨了在适宜蛋白质和脂肪含量下降低蛋白质含量的配合饵料对青石斑鱼生长的影响。试验设５组，在适宜蛋白质含量（５２．５５％）下设脂肪梯度９．８７％和１６．２５％；在降低蛋白质含量（４２．２５％）下设脂肪梯度９．６６％和１６．０４％；对照组投喂冰冻科鱼类。在水温２０．０～２７．５℃，比重１．０１８５～１．０２２０的条件下，经３５ｄ的试验得出：青石斑鱼配合饵料中在一定范围内提高脂肪含量能使更多的蛋白质用于鱼体的生长，而不是作为能源物质被消耗，从而提高蛋白质利用率，起到节约蛋白质的作用。     

人工育苗条件下点带石斑鱼仔鱼开口期摄食的观察

在人工育苗条件下 ,测定了点带石斑鱼育苗池中饵料生物的种类和密度 ,同时解剖观察仔鱼的消化管 ,测定其食物组成 ,并根据食料基础和食物组成的测定数据 ,分析点带石斑鱼仔鱼开口期对不同饵料的选择性 .结果表明 ,点带石斑鱼仔鱼于 3d龄开始摄食 ,摄食的第 1d只能选择小球藻和一些贝卵为食 ,对贝卵的选择性指数为 0 .374 0 ,小球藻的选择性指数为 0 .0 144 ;摄食的第 2d ,开始摄食轮虫和桡足类无节幼体 ;开口的第 5d开始摄食桡足类幼体 .点带石斑鱼仔鱼白天摄食 ,夜间不摄食 ,对食物的消化速度很快 ,仅 1个多小时胃内的食物就可以完全排空 .     

鲈鱼人工配合饵料中脂肪的适宜含量研究

研究了在鲈鱼人工配合饵料中,蛋白质在４３．６２％的最适量下,不同脂肪含量对鱼体的生长,饲料系数,鱼体成活率的饵料消化率的影响。结果表明：当脂肪含量在９．７９％以下时,鱼体的相对增重率和体长相对增长率与脂肪含量呈正相关;脂肪含量为７．５３％和９．７９％的试验组饵料系数最低,为１．７３％;     

饲料中添加生长激素基因重组蛋白对斜带石斑鱼生长、消化及抗氧化能力的影响

为了探究体外表达的斜带石斑鱼生长激素基因重组蛋白在海水鱼养殖中的应用前景,将其酵母表达基因重组蛋白上清液按照2,4,8 mg/kg的添加量喷涂饲料(分组记为G1、G2和G3),与空白对照(记为G0)共4组,每组设3个平行,进行斜带石斑鱼室内工厂化养殖试验。饲养期间,早中晚各投喂1次,每日测1次水质指标,经10周的饲养,结果如下:①生长性能方面,G2组斜带石斑鱼增质量率最高,为293.16%,显著高出G0组23.75%(p0.05),饲料系数最低,为1.14,G2组斜带石斑鱼在体长增长率以及均摄食量方面显著高于G0组(p0.05);②形态学及体成分方面,G2组全鱼粗蛋白含量最高,显著高于G0组(p0.05),鱼体肌肉中粗脂肪的含量显著低于G0组(p0.05);③血脂方面,G1、G2和G3组鱼的胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯含量均低于G0组,且G1和G2组的低密度脂蛋白显著低于G0组(p0.05);④消化酶活性方面,试验组斜带石斑鱼的淀粉酶活性均高于对照组,其中G2组最高,显著高于G0组(p0.05);脂肪酶活性试验组均显著高于对照组(p0.05);⑤抗氧化指标方面,试验组斜带石斑鱼肌肉总抗氧化能力显著高于G0组(p0.05);⑥磷酸酶活性方面,G2组鱼的磷酸酶活性最高,在肝脏中G2组鱼的磷酸酶活性最高且显著高于对照组(p0.05)。以上结果表明:在饲料中添加4 mg/kg的生长激素基因重组蛋白对于斜带石斑鱼的生长具有明显的促进作用且能提高饲料利用率;还可明显降低斜带石斑鱼的血脂水平,提高其消化能力和抗氧化能力。     

大鳞鲃幼鱼对蛋白质适宜需求量的研究

为了研制适宜大鳞鲃生长的最佳配合饲料,本试验对大鳞鲃幼鱼的蛋白质需求量进行了研究.试验分为6组,分别饲喂蛋白质水平为30.59%(P1)、35.34%(P2)、40.45%(P3)、45.90%(P4)、50.02%(P5)和54.19%(P6)的等脂等能饲料,每组3个重复,每个重复25尾鱼,养殖70 d后采样,结果显示,当饲料中蛋白水平从30.59%到45.9%逐渐增多时,鱼体增重率(WG)和特定生长(SGR)显著升高(P0.05),饵料系数(FCR)明显降低;当饲料中蛋白质含量继续增加时,鱼体增重率和特定生长率呈下降趋势,但无显著差异(P0.05),而饲料系数却显著升高(P0.05).当饲料中蛋白质含量为50.02%和54.19%时,鱼体脏体比显著低于其他各组(P0.05),其他各组之间无显著差异(P0.05).当饲料中蛋白质含量从30.59%到54.19%逐渐升高时,鱼体肌肉中粗蛋白含量呈先升高后降低趋势,粗脂肪含量则反之,而当饲料中的蛋白质含量为40.45%(P3)时,粗蛋白含量最高,粗脂肪含量最低,且与高蛋白质组(50.02%和54.19%)差异显著.此外,以饲料中蛋白质含量为自变量,分别以增重率和饵料系数为因变量进行二次回归方程分析可得,大鳞鲃幼鱼增重率最大时对蛋白质的最适需求量为43.88%,而大鳞鲃幼鱼饵料系数最小时对蛋白质的最适需求量为43.81%.综上,大鳞鲃幼鱼对饲料中蛋白质的最适需求量在43.88%左右.     

珍珠龙胆石斑鱼工厂化健康育苗技术的研究

为突破广西地区珍珠龙胆石斑鱼工厂化健康育苗的技术瓶颈,提高广西地区珍珠龙胆石斑鱼人工育苗成活率和育苗质量,开展适合于广西地区的珍珠龙胆石斑鱼工厂化健康育苗技术的研究。本研究明确了珍珠龙胆石斑鱼工厂化育苗所需的适宜的光照强度、水体盐度、温度、溶氧和氨氮含量等水环境因子,探讨了生物饵料营养强化对育苗成活率的影响。试验表明,在光照强度为2 000～3 500lux,水温28～31℃,盐度28‰～31‰,水体的溶氧量6 mg/L的育苗条件下,石斑鱼鱼苗生长情况良好,育苗成活率达到10.5%,幼鱼平均全长25.5mm。试验还表明,对生物饵料进行营养强化可以提高珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的育苗成活率。本研究成果有助于推动广西海水养殖业良种化进程、促进广西地区石斑鱼养殖业健康可持续发展。     

饲料中蛋白质水平对花(鱼骨)生长的影响

研究了饲料中蛋白质水平对花生长的影响。选用300尾,体重为35.31±1.61g的花鱼种随机平均分为5个试验组:F1、F2、F3、F4和F5。分别投喂蛋白质水平为28%、32%、36%、40%、44%的5种饲料进行养殖对比试验。经过100d的饲养,5个试验组的饵料系数和相对增重率分别为2.21、1.77、1.41、1.40、1.47和324.71%、403.88%、505.145%、504.30%、475.17%。试验结果表明当饲料中蛋白质水平为36%时,能确保花的生长性能和蛋白质利用率,相应的饵料系数为1.41。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with