盐酸吗啉胍对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传毒性效应

以不同浓度的盐酸吗啉胍为诱变剂，运用蚕豆根尖微核检测技术和染色体畸变实验方法，测定蚕豆根尖细胞的有丝分裂指数、微核率和染色体畸变率．结果表明：盐酸吗啉胍能够降低蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂指数，能诱发较高频率的微核和染色体畸变，产生染色体断片、滞后染色体和染色体桥．随着盐酸吗啉胍处理浓度的增加，有丝分裂指数降低，而微核率和染色体畸变率均升高；随着盐酸吗啉胍浓度的进一步增加，染色体畸变率却下降，但仍明显高于对照组．     

不同浓度的环磷酰胺对蚕豆根尖细胞微核率的影响

蚕豆根尖微核实验与染色体畸变试验同样具有准确、快速、操作简便、有明显剂量一效应关系、适合大批量样品检测等特点．研究不同浓度环磷酰胺诱发蚕豆根尖细胞微核的效应,结果表明环磷酰胺处理可诱发蚕豆根尖诱导细胞内染色体发生畸变,影响纺锤丝和中心粒而产生微核,并且诱发微核的剂量与效应关系,以及微核率与染色体畸变间的相关关系非常显著．这些研究结果表明,蚕豆根尖间期微核数量可用作检测污染物,确定污染程度的指标．     

明矾对蚕豆和大蒜根尖毒性效应的细胞遗传学比较研究

以蚕豆和大蒜根尖为实验材料，研究不同浓度明矾对蚕豆和大蒜胚根根尖的细胞遗传学效应。结果表明，不同浓度明矾在不同处理时间内均能诱发较高微核率和染色体畸变率，且在同样的条件下，蚕豆根尖细胞的微核率和染色体畸变率明显高于大蒜的(p＜0．01或p＜0．001)。结论是明矾对蚕豆和大蒜根尖均具有明显的细胞遗传学务性效应，且对蚕豆根尖的务性效应明显高于对大蒜根尖的毒性效应。     

pH与铝对蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂的交互作用

以蚕豆根尖为材料,运用微核技术研究了不同pH下,Al2(SO4)3溶液对细胞有丝分裂及微核形成的影响.结果表明:二者共同作用会使细胞结构产生明显改变,诱发染色体异常与核固缩,微核率上升.当pH一定时,细胞有丝分裂指数(MI)与微核率(MNF)均随Al浓度增大呈先增后减趋势,MI在Al浓度为10或20 mg/L(仅pH=8.5时)处达最大;MNF在Al浓度10或20 mg/L(仅pH=7.0时)处达到最大.当Al浓度不变时,MI随pH的升高呈先增后减趋势,在pH7.0处达最大;MNF在无铝和Al浓度为10 mg/L组中的最低值出现于pH7.0处,但在高铝组中变化不大.pH与Al均可对细胞产生显著的遗传损伤,二者的交互作用主要表现为遗传损伤的叠加.提高pH可缓解铝毒效应,但不能使之完全消除.     

镉对蚕豆根尖细胞染色体畸变的影响

通过光学显微镜观察发现,蚕豆根尖经镉染毒后,染色体会发生畸变,在一定浓度和时间范围内,畸变率随浓度和时间的增加而增加,但当大于或小于这一浓度或时间范围后,畸变率反而减少.在蚕豆根尖细胞染色体的几种畸变中,以染色体断片出现的几率最高,染色体环出现的几率最低. 本文讨论了蚕豆根尖细胞染色体畸变与染毒的浓度和时间的关系.     

褐藻寡糖抗三氧化二砷(As2O3)诱导蚕豆根尖的细胞遗传毒性

采用蚕豆根尖细胞的微核试验和染色体畸变试验方法,测定不同浓度的褐藻寡糖对As2O3诱导的蚕豆根尖细胞的微核率、有丝分裂指数和染色体畸变率的影响.结果表明:褐藻寡糖能有效抑制As2O3诱导的蚕豆根尖细胞微核的产生,即在一定浓度范围内,微核率随褐藻寡糖处理浓度的降低而减少,但低于一定浓度后反而呈上升趋势;不同浓度的褐藻寡糖均可使蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂指数增大;褐藻寡糖还能有效降低蚕豆根尖细胞染色体畸变率.因此,褐藻寡糖对蚕豆根尖细胞具有明显的诱抗活性和调节细胞分裂生长的效应.     

抗坏血酸对铅、汞胁迫下蚕豆根尖染色体畸变的研究

以蚕豆根尖为材料,运用细胞微核技术,研究抗坏血酸对不同浓度Pb2+、Hg2+胁迫下蚕豆根尖细胞遗传毒性的影响。结果显示,Pb2+浓度为5 mg/L和10 mg/L时,有丝分裂指数呈上升趋势;浓度大于10 mg/L时,呈下降趋势。Hg2+处理时,无论低浓度还是高浓度,均能降低丝分裂指数。染色体畸变率、微核率与Pb2+、Hg2+浓度呈正相关。抗坏血酸与不同浓度的Pb2+、Hg2+复合处理后,具有明显的协同作用,可以缓解对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传毒性效应,尤其对高浓度的重金属胁迫后,其缓解效应较为明显。     

卡拉胶固定化Nocardia sp.生产L(+)酒石酸

采用卡拉胶包埋具有环氧琥珀酸水解酶活性的诺卡氏菌菌体用于生产酒石酸。固定化的最适卡拉胶浓度为20 g/L,菌体浓度为200 g/L,交联剂戊二醛浓度为5 g/L,固定化后的酶活回收率可以达到70%。高浓度的环氧琥珀酸对水解反应产生抑制作用,游离细胞的米氏常数(Km)为0.234 m o l/L,抑制常数(KI)为0.22 m o l/L,固定化细胞则分别为0.31 m o l/L和0.21 m o l/L。游离细胞和固定化细胞反应的最适pH分别为8.0和8.5。细胞固定化以后,耐热稳定性增强。30°C 0.2m o l/L的底物浓度下,摇瓶中连续转化25批,L( )酒石酸的转化率接近100%。     

3种常用农药对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传毒性

用万灵、三氯杀螨醇、多菌灵3种常用农药不同质量浓度液处理蚕豆根尖.结果表明:各处理组诱导的根尖细胞微核率与阴性对照组相比均有极显著差异(P<0.01),并且处理组细胞分裂中期、后期、末期均出现多种染色体畸变类型(染色体断片、染色体桥、染色体粘连等).说明这3种农药在正常使用质量浓度下对蚕豆根尖细胞有较强的遗传毒性.     

蚕豆根尖微核技术在污染源监测中的应用

用蚕豆根尖微核技术对福建省６家国有企业排放的污水进行监测,分析了各企业排放废水的污染水平及诱发蚕豆根尖细胞染色体畸变的能力。还对蚕豆根尖微核技术与一化监测指标ＣＯＤｃｒ之间的关系作了初步评价。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the